A presente investigação privilegiou o estudo sobre a formação do educador ambiental e, para isso, objetivou identificar e analisar as relações entre representações sociais sobre educação ambiental e as práticas pedagógicas desenvolvidas por docentes de cursos de licenciatura de duas universidades federais, localizadas na região sudoeste do Paraná. Primeiramente o trabalho foi referenciado com abordagem teórica em que autores elucidam sobre o percurso histórico da educação ambiental no Brasil, desde o seu surgimento até sua manifestação nas políticas públicas brasileiras; os fundamentos da educação ambiental na vertente conservadora e na vertente crítica, trazendo uma abordagem também sobre a questão da formação do educador ambiental nas licenciaturas. Na sequência foram tratados dos procedimentos metodológicos utilizados na investigação, e discutiu-se a pertinência da teoria das representações sociais nos estudos sobre práticas pedagógicas de educação ambiental. Os dados foram coletados mediante aplicação de questionários elaborados especificamente para o estudo, sendo um destinado aos professores, composto por questões de identificação, uma questão de evocação livre mediante termo indutor Educação Ambiental e questões dissertativas nas quais os sujeitos deveriam justificar as evocações induzidas pelo termo indutor e escrever suas concepções de educação ambiental; e outro destinado aos alunos dos respectivos professores e cursos investigados, composto também de três partes, sendo a primeira parte de identificação, a segunda parte composta por duas questões de evocação livre, cujos termos indutores eram Meio Ambiente e Educação Ambiental e questões dissertativas nas quais os sujeitos deveriam justificar as evocações induzidas pelos respectivos termos indutores. Foram analisados também os Projetos Políticos Pedagógicos dos cursos de licenciatura pesquisados. Para a análise e discussão das questões de evocação livre utilizou-se a teoria do núcleo central e para as questões dissertativas as técnicas de análise de conteúdo e análise documental. Os resultados indicaram que os docentes pesquisados representam socialmente a educação ambiental como um conjunto de práticas pedagógicas cuja finalidade é o desenvolvimento de atitudes, valores e condutas em favor da preservação ambiental, tendo em vista a sustentabilidade, de modo que essas representações sociais estão diretamente relacionadas com suas práticas pedagógicas de educação ambiental, informadas por eles mesmos, ou informadas através dos relatos dos estudantes. Evidenciaram-se relações entre as representações sociais sobre educação ambiental identificadas e as práticas pedagógicas dos docentes pesquisados. / This research study focused on the preparation of environmental educators and, therefore, aimed to identify and analyze the relationships between social representations of environmental education and teaching practices developed by teachers of undergraduate courses in two federal universities, located in the southwest region of the Paraná. First the work was referenced with theoretical approach in which authors elucidate about the historical background of environmental education in Brazil, from its inception until its manifestation in Brazilian public policies; the fundamentals of environmental education in the conservative strand and critical stance, bringing an approach also about the issue of training of environmental educators in degrees. Following were treated the methodological procedures used in research, and discussed the relevance of the theory of social representations in studies on pedagogical practices of environmental education. Data were collected by means of questionnaires developed specifically for the study, one for teachers, consisting of identification issues, a matter of free recall by inducing termEnvironmental Education and essay questions in which subjects should justify induced evocations by the term inductor and write their conceptions of environmental education; and another for students of their teachers and courses surveyed, also composed of three parts, the first part of the identification, the second part consists of two issues free recall, whose terms were inducers Environment and Environmental Education and essay questions in which the subjects should justify induced by the respective inductors terms evocations. Also Political Pedagogical Project of undergraduate courses surveyed were analyzed. For analysis and discussion of the issues of free recall used the central core theory and essay questions for the techniques of content analysis and document analysis. The results indicated that teachers surveyed represent socially environmental education as a set of pedagogical practices whose purpose is the development of attitudes, values and behaviors in favor of environmental protection, with a view to sustainability, so that these social representations are directly related with their teaching environmental education, informed by themselves, or informed via reports of students. Showed up relations between the social representations of identified environmental education and the pedagogical practices of teachers surveyed.

Reconhecendo a importância que o solo tem na manutenção dos ecossistemas é essencial que esse tema seja trabalhado no contexto ambiental pelas instituições de ensino fundamental, levando em consideração o conhecimento que os alunos já possuem inter-relacionando-os ao conhecimento científico. Assim, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo identificar as representações sociais de solo por parte dos professores das séries iniciais de Ensino Fundamental da rede municipal de Pato Branco – PR, buscando relacioná-las a prática pedagógica em educação em solos e educação ambiental. Para atingir os objetivos da pesquisa, a metodologia foi construída com base na utilização de questionários, análise dos subsídios escolares (planejamento e livro didático) e realização de grupo focal. Os resultados apontados pela pesquisa indicaram que existem falhas e erros conceituais nos subsídios escolares, não estando de acordo com o que é proposto pelos Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais de Ciências Naturais e Meio Ambiente. Com relação as representações sociais de solo e educação ambiental, identificadas por meio dos questionários e do grupo focal, verificou-se que existe diferença entre as representações dos professores, o que ocasionou a formação de dois grupos distintos. O grupo da área rural apresentaram características de envolvimento com o solo no contexto ambiental voltado as questões de preservação para plantio e colheita, o que demonstra uma forte relação de sobrevivência estabelecida por esses sujeitos em relação ao solo e meio ambiente. Já os professores da área central e periférica indicaram que o solo é um recurso natural para utilização do ser humano. Esses indicativos possuem forte influência na maneira com que cada um desses grupos utiliza e percebem o solo em sua vivência social e comunitária. Foi identificado que a representação social dos professores influencia na prática pedagógica, isto é, na maneira como conduzem as atividades e valorizam esse recurso natural. De maneira geral, os professores manifestaram ter dificuldades de compreender o solo e ensiná-lo com coerência, pois expressaram possuir pouco conhecimento para desenvolverem esse tema aliado ao contexto ambiental. / Recognizing the importance that the soil has in maintaining ecosystems, becomes essential that this issue be worked in the environmental context by the elementary education institutions, taking into account the knowledge students already possess interrelating them to scientific knowledge. Thus, the present study aimed to identify the social representations of soil by teachers of initial grades of elementary school in the city of Pato Branco - PR, trying to relate them to pedagogical practice in soils and environmental education. To achieve the research objectives, methodology was based on the use of questionnaires, analysis of education allowances (planning and textbook) and conducting focus groups. The results presented by the research indicated that there are failures and misconceptions in education allowances, not agreeing with what is proposed by the National Curriculum Standards of Natural Sciences and Environment. Regarding the social representation of soil and environmental education, identified through questionnaires and focus group, it was found that there is difference between the representations of teachers, resulting in the formation of two distinct groups. The group of the rural area has presented characteristics of involvement with the ground in the context of environmental oriented preservation issues for planting and harvesting, which demonstrates a strong relationship of survival established by them in relation to the soil and the environment. Teachers from the central and peripheral area has indicated that the soil is a natural resource for human use. These indications have strong influence on the way that each of these groups perceive and use the soil in your social and community life. It was identified that the social representation of teachers influences the teaching practice, ie, , in the way they conduct their activities and valorize this natural resource. Overall, teachers expressed having difficulty in understanding the soil and teach it consistently, considering they have expressed little knowledge to develop this theme together with the environmental context.

Doctorat en sciences psychologiques / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

D.Phil. (Curriculum Studies) / The study highlights the conceptual and practical challenges in providing initial teacher education that promotes, amongst other factors, coherence with the prescribed school curriculum. It investigates a History Teaching Methods (HTM) course offered by a university in Kenya to clarify how course related documents, lectures, students’ microteaching lessons, and perceptions about these three aspects obtained from interviews with a teacher-educator and students addressed what the course had to provide as possibilities for the acquisition of professional knowledge and skills that would enable students to teach effectively the secondary school History and Government (H&G) subject. Through a review of literature on curriculum coherence and theories on ethical pedagogic practice and communication combined with primary data collected in Kenya, I explain the nature of the challenges in the HTM course. The challenges, I argue, are primarily a result of overlooking the disciplinary requirements of History. The findings suggest that misconceptions about professional responsibilities of the teacher-educators are largely responsible for the descriptive approach that characterises the pedagogical practices they promoted. The absence of engagement with disciplinary requirements in lectures contributed to the nature of the devices that were used by students to teach. In order to clarify the nature of these pedagogic challenges, I adopted a generic qualitative approach to the research. The direct contact and discussion with a teacher-educator and students enabled me to explore their understanding of the requirements of teaching history at school level. Through observations of lectures I established how the teacher-educators considered these requirements as important to the teacher education they provided. Through observing students’ microteaching lessons I was able to establish their understanding of the nature of historical knowledge and how it ought to be approached when teaching. The study contributes to the general field of teacher education by having devised a conceptual orientation that can be drawn on to establish what is necessary to teach school history effectively, namely, the importance of normative critical thinking and contextual sensitivity. In this study, I indicate the pedagogic processes that need to be considered and constantly in place to teach history by drawing on relevant paradigms and conceptual orientations belonging to the discipline. I found that teacher-educators underplay the importance of these factors and view them as having to be considered by academic entities that are directly involved with history as a discipline. It is due to this oversight that the programme seemed to emphasise descriptive and procedural orientations in initial teacher education. I conclude by suggesting that a course that educates student teachers for, amongst other reasons, teaching H&G at secondary school in Kenya, has to consider firstly, what is essential to history teaching and learning as a discipline and secondly that effective history teaching has to be informed by reasoning that is not only relevant to History as a discipline but also its practicality to the objectives of school history.

This study evaluates Environmental Education courses in Bophuthatswana Colleges of Education. The semi-structured interviews with final year students, lecturers, rectors of colleges offering the courses, external examiners and the course co-ordinator at the Institute of Education at the University of Bophuthatswana (Unibo) are made. Written documents relating to Environmental Education courses, such as students' examination answer books, moderators' reports and minutes of meetings, are also used to evaluate the courses. Specifically, the aim of this study is to identify the strengths and the weaknesses of Environmental Education courses in Bophuthatswana Colleges of Education and this would present a contribution in the research field and also be useful in the further refinement of the courses. Strengths and weaknesses identified in this research are related to knowledge of Environmental Education and environmental issues, the syllabuses of the Environmental Education courses, the operation of the courses, the examining of the courses and the ethos and support of the colleges and the local university's Institute of Education. New insights are gained inter alia into the operation of Environmental Education courses in the Teacher Education programme in Bophuthatswana. An important contribution of the study is the application of the phenomenological paradigm, since it allows understanding of subjective experience as far as the operation of Environmental Education is concerned.

The past two to three decades have seen unprecedented expansion in enrolments in Universities across the world. Increased participation rates in Higher Education, however, has not been matched by a corresponding increase in success rates as reflected in students' poor retention rates and unsatisfactory outcomes. One strand of explanation claims that students, for a variety of reasons, come to university `unprepared' and suffer an articulation gap in the transition between high school and university; the other explanation seeks to move away from the deficit perspective and puts emphasis on the need to enrich experiences of students to enable them to exercise agency and change constraining circumstances in order to succeed. This study reports on one programme, a grounding programme known as the Life, Knowledge and Action (LKA) in one South African university. One of the central purposes of the LKA is to enrich students' first year experiences through liberating dialogue embedded in its pedagogical architecture. A sequential mixed methods study was carried out. A survey of first year students who had been exposed to the LKA was first carried out. This was followed by a case study of purposively selected first year students. Findings show that LKA promoted dialogue in varied ways depending on the level of the pedagogical architecture. At Umzi level students as peers across disciplines exchanged ideas freely about their circumstances and social issues. At the Ekhaya level where the abakwezeli (facilitators) were active, power dynamics emerged between students and the facilitators which had the effect of diminishing dialogical moments. At village level, there was not much discussion; instead there was a lot of lecturing. Dialogue was limited to a few minutes of discussion at the end of the lecture. The other finding was that seen from Archer's lens of morphogenetic analysis, the `articulation gap' can be seen as a structural constraint, that can be addressed through liberating dialogue which enables the students to question the status quo. There was evidence that through dialogue in the LKA, students felt that it liberated them in the sense that it exposed them to different perspectives as well as enabled them to explore alternatives. It can be concluded that through an appropriately designed dialogical pedagogy, students can be empowered to transform the structural constraints to their education and create enablers that can help them succeed in their learning. There is evidence that within the LKA pedagogical architecture, the students have the opportunity to take responsibility for their learning and thus enabled to exercise agency. It is recommended that the processes that take place at each level of the LKA architecture must be further studied with a view to discovering mechanisms at work that may undermine the liberating thrust of the programme. As a liberating core curriculum, LKA must not be limited to first year students; consideration must be given to roll it out across the levels of the undergraduate offerings.

This dissertation is a contribution to understanding the relationship between schooling and gender inequality. The study explores how gender as a social relation is organized and embedded in the daily experiences of classroom life and in the discourses of people who dwell there. The study deals with how classroom encounters contribute to the reproduction or transformation of gender categories and how students' and teachers' discursive practices build and support patriarchal structures. The study is grounded in critical education theory, feminist theory, and ethnographic research. The specific site for the study is the knowledge area described as the Practical Arts, namely home economics and technical studies. The research is limited to a single Grade 8, coeducational, home economics and technical studies program in an inner-city, multi-ethnic, secondary school in western Canada. Evidence is based on participant observation of classrooms, for one school year, with one group of students as they proceed through a combined home economics and technical studies program. Evidence is also obtained through interviews with students and teachers. The study illustrates how classroom practices support the patriarchal structures of division of labour, violence against women, and sexuality. The study shows how the students' and teachers' discursive practices produce girls and women, and less powerful boys, in subordinate positions and as objects of regulation. As well, students' previous experiences in domestic and technical work, and classroom discourse, produce and support the division of labour. The study shows how the conditions of teachers' work, their authoritarian, product oriented approach, and their powerful, institutional discourses grounded in biological and psychological development and equality of educational opportunity, prevent them from challenging patriarchal structures. Although the study shows how students and teachers are actively engaged in the production rather than the transformation of traditional gender relations, it also shows how patriarchy is incomplete: there were divisions within gender categories and there were many contradictions. The study shows how power relations are not static - they are constantly in process of negotiation, thereby opening possibilities for social change. / Education, Faculty of / Curriculum and Pedagogy (EDCP), Department of / Graduate

M.Cur. / The South African Nursing Council requires that a student nurse, when following a course which leads to registration as a nurse (general, psychiatric and community) and midwife, must receive instruction in environmental health. A conceptual framework was compiled after a literature study to create possible subject content and practical learning opportunities which belong in the curriculum of the student nurse. During an investigation in part into environmental health aspects in the Southern Transvaal Region the following was accomplished: - The theoretical subject content with regard to environmental health was identified. - The practical learning opportunities to which a student nurse must be subjected were determined. - A guide was compiled which can serve as a manual to persons who are involved in the 1nstruction of student nurses in environmental health. It is clear that health inspectors desire greater participation in the instruction of student nurses in environmental health than is the case at present. In order to create a more significant environmental health component in the curriculum of the student nurse some recommendations were made. Remediation will therefore become a reality in the implementation of the recommendations. Primary recommendations include the following: - Greater participation by health inspectors in the instruction of student nurses in environmental health. - The subject content of environmental health. - Learning opportunities which can be planned for the practical instruction of student nurses in environmental health.

No description available.

Middle school program to promote student success and student self-awareness--Student advising.