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Since the 1980s, a variety of pre-school approaches has existed within the ACT Public School System. These approaches are in theory based on different educational ideologies and principles. The Field Study Project evaluates and compares three different educational models; existing classroom processes and procedures, and student achievements in a 'traditional', a modified Montessori and a Weikart pre-school currently operating in the ACT Public School System. Using selected criteria, an analysis of the three educational models, an ecological survey and student assessments were carried out to make the evaluations and comparisons. The analysis of the three educational models indicate different program orientations and instructional preferences in the different models. The ecological survey results suggest that the 'traditional', the modified Montessori and the Weikart approaches identify with the models they are based on. Nevertheless, educational trends and orientations are similar in the three programs, which are predominantly cognitively oriented. In contrast, teaching styles differ slightly. It is significant that the teacher in the 'traditional' program fulfills a more nurturing role, while her colleagues in the modified Montessori and the Weikart programs fulfill more instructional roles. The evaluation and comparison of the student assessments seems to indicate that there are no significant differences in achievement in drawing, specific cognitive tasks and in self-concept development between matched groups of learners in the three pre-schools. The findings support the notion that middle class children enrolled in approved pre-schools develop cognitive abilities regardless of the type of program they attend. The evaluation and comparison of the three existing approaches in the ACT suggests that the pre-school organisation in the ACT Public School System is still strongly committed to the 'traditional' model, and makes only minor attempts to change educational patterns in pre-school education.

abstract: The traditional analysis, design, develop, implement, and evaluate (ADDIE) model is inadequate for dealing with the instructional design requirements of today’s constantly evolving world. This reality is especially true at the National Simulation Center where medicine and technology are constantly changing. To provide the best care for the nation’s veterans, the educational products must too reflect the current state of medicine. The Agile ADDIE Framework was developed to overcome challenges such as a constantly changing domain, external threats to the development process, and the need for expedited timelines while still creating quality products. Using agile theory, including the agile manifesto, as a theoretical framework, the Agile ADDIE Framework was created. The Agile ADDIE Framework implements agile elements into the traditional ADDIE model, such as an iterate, assess, and align (IAA) cycle in an effort to increases in flexibility, quality, and efficiency. A mixed method action research project reviewed the impact that agile elements had on the ADDIE model at the National Simulation Center. The working group participants underwent biweekly meetings using scrum methodology. Data collection included pre- and post-intervention interviews, weekly structured reflections, focus groups that occurred throughout the development process, and a burndown log to track performance. Additionally, the course that was created using the Agile ADDIE Framework was compared to a product that was completed using the traditional ADDIE model by a panel of instructional designers. Participants identified that the Agile ADDIE Framework was able to create a higher-quality product in a shorter amount of time when compared to a training support package developed using the traditional ADDIE model. Several themes emerged from the data, including the Agile ADDIE Framework was perceived to be more flexible and engaging to subject matter experts. There was also a discussion involving lesson learned, limitations, and implications for both practice and the domains. Future research considerations include the implementation of the Agile ADDIE Framework in a more generalized study. This study presents a framework that enables traditional ADDIE model instructional design operations into an agile era. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Educational Leadership and Policy Studies 2020

The purpose of this research study was to examine how chefs and other individuals in the food industry understood the field of culinary arts. This study used an instrumental case study with purposeful sampling of multiple cases. Through a series of open-ended interviews using snowball-sampling strategy that concluded with 45 participants sharing their experiences in culinary education and employment, several themes emerged across all of the interviews: (1) Disempowerment of those who have been successful in the culinary arts; (2) Conflict in the field; and, (3) Needs of employers not being met. Following the analysis of the data, two research questions were inductively formed: (1) How do the participants' understandings vary based upon the three models (apprenticeship, associate degree, and baccalaureate degree) of culinary education? (2) How do these themes vary depending upon the three models of culinary education? What resulted was thick description of the impact of the three models of formal chef education has had on the field of culinary arts, followed by the potential in the development of the baccalaureate degree model as it represented an opportunity for field redefinition in culinary arts. This study produced a set of data revealing that current culinary education has become one that has bred disempowerment, continued conflict in the field of culinary arts, and left needs unfullfilled related to technical skills required for successful employment. The shift from the time-consuming and expensive model of apprenticeship to the development of the associate degree has necessitated a reconsideration of culinary education. What has been offered in this research is the potential for a transformation facilitated within a baccalaureate degree that could intertwine both technical skills and academic knowledge.

Η παρουσία μαθητών στο ελληνικό σχολείο που προέρχονται από ποικίλα γλωσσικά και πολιτισμικά περιβάλλοντα έφερε νέα δεδομένα στην άσκηση του εκπαιδευτικού και παιδαγωγικού έργου και ανέδειξε αιτήματα για ισοτιμία μορφωτικών ευκαιριών για όλους τους μαθητές, για εξασφάλιση ευνοϊκών συνθηκών μάθησης, για ανάπτυξη κινήτρων ισότιμης και ενεργούς συμμετοχής όλων των μαθητών στην εκπαιδευτική διαδικασία. Αυτά τα σύνθετα αλλά και πολύπλοκα θέματα περιέχονται στο γενικότερο προβληματισμό της αντιμετώπισης ζητημάτων ετερότητας, που ως ευαίσθητοι εκπαιδευτικοί δεν πρέπει να τα αντιμετωπίσουμε μόνο θεωρητικά αλλά και μέσα από τις πραγματικές συνθήκες της σχολικής τάξης. Με την εργασία αυτή προσπαθούμε να διερευνήσουμε κατ΄ αρχήν πώς είναι αντιληπτή στην ελληνική βιβλιογραφία η εκπαίδευση των μαθητών που προέχονται από ποικίλα γλωσσικά και πολιτισμικά περιβάλλοντα και κατά πόσο η ένταξή τους στο ελληνικό εκπαιδευτικό σύστημα σχετίζεται με επιβάρυνση της κοινωνικής τους θέσης και τις αντίστοιχες κοινωνικές ανισότητες. Βασική μας υπόθεση στην εργασία είναι ότι το ελληνικό εκπαιδευτικό σύστημα είναι προσανατολισμένο προς μια πολιτική αφομοίωσης των μαθητών που προέρχονται από ποικίλα γλωσσικά και πολιτισμικά περιβάλλοντα , η οποία επιβεβαιώνεται αφ΄ ενός από το σχετικό νομοθετικό πλαίσιο και αφ΄ ετέρου από το σύνολο της σχετικής ελληνικής βιβλιογραφίας. Σκοπός της εργασίας αποτελεί η εξέταση της ελληνικής βιβλιογραφίας στη διαπολιτισμική εκπαίδευση στο πώς αξιολογεί το ελληνικό εκπαιδευτικό σύστημα σε ότι αφορά την εκπαίδευση και αντιμετώπιση των γλωσσικά και πολιτισμικά διαφοροποιημένων μαθητών. Γίνεται επίσης μια σύντομη αναφορά στα μοντέλα εκπαίδευσης των μεταναστών μαθητών, τα οποία ακολουθήθηκαν από διάφορα εκπαιδευτικά συστήματα, για να αναδειχθεί μετά από σύγκριση η σπουδαιότητα του διαπολιτισμικού μοντέλου, το οποίο κρίνεται ως το αποτελεσματικότερο και το καλύτερο σήμερα για την αντιμετώπιση των διακρίσεων όσο και των σχολικών αποτυχιών των μεταναστών μαθητών. Μέσα από βιβλιογραφική διερεύνηση των παραγόντων που επιδρούν στη διαδικασία εκπαίδευσης και ένταξης των «άλλων» μαθητών έχουμε σαν στόχο την ανίχνευση των αιτιών μιας σειράς προβλημάτων άμεσα συνδεδεμένων με τη σχολική επίδοση αυτών των μαθητών, ώστε να αντιμετωπίζονται αποτελεσματικά και να μην οδηγούνται στην περιθωριοποίηση και τον σχολικό αποκλεισμό. Η διαπολιτισμική εκπαίδευση οφείλει να δώσει μια απάντηση στην πολυπολιτισμικότητα του ελληνικού σχολείου και θα αφορά όλους τους μαθητές, ανεξάρτητα από εθνικές, γλωσσικές και πολιτισμικές ιδιαιτερότητες. Πρέπει να καταπολεμήσει την μονοπολιτισμική και εθνοκεντρική λογική, που είναι έντονη στο ελληνικό εκπαιδευτικό σύστημα. / --

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No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE_Obirajara.pdf: 981087 bytes, checksum: 33950bb941008b07b0cfe9bd6609c963 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Esta tese emerge de pesquisa no campo da educação médica, tendo como objeto de estudo o modelo pedagógico utilizado na Disciplina de Patologia do Curso de Medicina da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG. O desenho metodológico proposto pela disciplina, busca otimizar o ensino de patologia para que este possa ser efetivo na formação do estudante de medicina, de acordo com os pressupostos das Competências e Habilidades das Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais (DCN). Entretanto, a implementação de um modelo pedagógico requer avaliações, reflexões e a flexibilidade de reorientação do projeto. Adotando essa percepção, a tese apresentada como objetivo central, além de reflexões e inquietações quanto ao compromisso com a formação médica, avaliar a metodologia de ensino-aprendizagem proposta na Disciplina de Patologia da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG na formação médica, sob a ótica das DCN. A coleta de dados ocorreu via questionário estruturado, respondido por 165 estudantes, que cursaram a disciplina nos anos de 2007 a 2009, após a implementação das mudanças na disciplina. Para a análise dos dados foram utilizados softwares específicos para construção do banco de dados e análise estatística. A análise foi realizada a partir de parâmetros da estatística descritiva, adotando-se medidas usuais de tendência central e de dispersão, e cálculos de frequência simples e relativos. Também se realizou a Análise de Componentes Principais (ACP), técnica multivariada que permite resumir em um conjunto menor de fatores ou componentes, as questões respondidas pelos estudantes a respeito da avaliação da Disciplina de Patologia. A tese é constituída por três artigos científicos que abordam o processo de ensino-aprendizagem na educação médica, a partir da perspectiva de mudança de paradigma no modelo de ensino-aprendizagem na Disciplina de Patologia, do Curso de Medicina da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande – FURG. Para tal, é desenvolvido um percurso teórico que se inicia com o primeiro artigo, que tem como objetivo promover uma reflexão sobre as mudanças no currículo médico a partir da aprovação das Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais em 2001. O segundo artigo, envolve uma interlocução acerca da relevância do modelo pedagógico desenvolvido na referida disciplina e os pressupostos do processo de aprendizagem revelados pela neurociência. O terceiro artigo tem como objetivo avaliar a metodologia de ensino-aprendizagem proposta na Disciplina de Patologia da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande-FURG, e sua contribuição no processo de ensino-aprendizagem, a partir da percepção dos estudantes, sob a ótica das Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais para o Curso de Medicina. Subsequentemente, considerando a interlocução do referencial teórico e dos resultados obtidos junto aos acadêmicos, retomando o objetivo principal, é possível preconizar que a mesma, embasada no entendimento do organismo como sistema complexo, numa perspectiva de saúde integral, atendendo aos pressupostos das DCN, contribui para o desenvolvimento de competências e habilidades essenciais para a formação médica. / This thesis is result of a medical education research being the object of study the pedagogical model used in the discipline of pathology of the medical course at the Federal University of Rio Grande - RS. The methodology pattern proposed by the mentioned discipline aims to optimize the teaching of pathology in order to be effective on medical students training, according to the assumptions of the National Curriculum Guidelines (NCG) Skills and Abilities. However, the implementation of a pedagogical model requires evaluations, reflections and a flexibility to review the proposed project. Adopting this perception, the thesis presented has as main objective not only reflections and concerns about the commitment to medical education but the evaluation of the teaching-learning methodology proposed in the Department of Pathology, Medical School, Federal University of Rio Grande regarding the medical training and considering the NCG. Using a structured questionnaire was collected the useful data. This set of questions was answered by 165 students taking this discipline during 2007-2009, after the implementation of changes in referred discipline. For the data analysis specific to construction of the database and statistical analysis software were used. The analysis was performed from the descriptive statistical parameters, adopting the usual measures of central tendency and dispersion calculations of simple and relative frequency. Moreover the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was performed, a multivariate technique that allows summarized in a smaller set of factors or components the questions answered by the students regarding the evaluation of the discipline of pathology. The thesis consists of three scientific papers that discuss the process of teaching-learning in medical education regarding a paradigm change in the teaching and learning model in the Department of Pathology, Medical School of the Federal University of Rio Grande - FURG. A theoretical path is developed beginning with the first article, which aims to promote reflection on the changes in the medical curriculum following the approval of the National Curriculum Guidelines in 2001. The second article involves a dialogue about the relevance of the pedagogical model developed in this discipline and assumptions of the learning process revealed by neuroscience. The third article aims to evaluate the teaching-learning methodology proposed in the Department of Pathology, Medical School, Federal University of Rio Grande-FURG, and a contribution to the teaching-learning process, considering the perception of the medical students, and taking into account the National Curriculum Guidelines for Medical School. Later, considering the dialogue of the theoretical framework and the results obtained from the students and resuming the main objective, it is possible to advocate that the dialogue based on the understanding of the body as a complex system focusing a complete health and following the assumptions of Curriculum Guidelines, contributes to develop essential competencies and skills for medical education.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:40:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Gabriela Lamarca Luxo Martins.pdf: 16766376 bytes, checksum: 33fec7fdde0c94bfa1410d8055c0899a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-05-22 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Family dynamics and parent-child relationships represent the essence of the childhood environment, and play an especially important role in the first years of life. These factors also lay down the foundation for childhood cognitive development, and have a significant influence on executive functions, which are responsible for the planning, initiation, execution and monitoring of goal-directed behaviors or adjustments to environmental demands. Research has shown that environmental features and parental educational investment are strongly associated with executive functioning in childhood. Therefore, the goals of this study were to: (1) assess the precision of two methods of assessing the family environment (questionnaire and home visit) as well as the correlation between them, and (2) evaluate the relationship between family environment, parental educational practices and executive functions in preschool children. The sample comprised 30 children and their legal guardians. Children were aged between 3 and 6 years and included both boys and girls attending kindergarten and preschool at a private school in the city of São Paulo. Family environment was assessed using the Parental Style Inventory (PSI) and two forms of the Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment (HOME). Executive functions were assessed using a Cancellation Test, a semantic Stroop Task and the Trail Making Test for preschoolers. The Cronbach s alpha values of the two versions of the HOME instrument were calculated, and the questionnaire was found to have a higher internal consistency than the home visit. A non-parametric Spearman test also revealed the presence of positive correlations between some of the items in the two instruments. As for the second goal, PSI scores displayed low to moderate correlations with measures of executive functioning, and appropriate parental styles were found to be associated with improved interference control in children. The HOME questionnaire displayed low to moderate correlations with Semantic Stroop Test scores, while language stimulation and the presence of learning materials in the home were positively associated with executive functioning development. Home visit scores were also highly correlated with executive performance. Some unexpected results were found, such as an association between increased parental modeling and greater reaction times in measures of interference control. Additionally, the emotional and verbal responsivity of the caretaker was associated with worse alternating attention. In conclusion, significant correlations were found between family environment, parental styles and executive functions. These results suggest the importance of intervention programs designed to help parents promote their children s executive development in the home. / A família e o convívio entre pais e filhos representam a essência do ambiente da criança, especialmente nos primeiros anos de vida. Tal relação caracteriza as bases para o desenvolvimento cognitivo da criança, incluindo um conjunto de habilidades chamadas de funções executivas, que contemplam competências fundamentais para planejar, iniciar, realizar e monitorar comportamentos intencionais relacionados a um objetivo ou a demandas ambientais. Pesquisas têm sugerido que características do ambiente e práticas educativas dos pais relacionam-se com o nível de funções executivas das crianças. Nesse contexto, esta pesquisa objetivou: (1) avaliar a precisão e a correlação entre resultados em um instrumento para avaliação do ambiente familiar em dois formatos (questionário e visita) e (2) verificar as relações entre o ambiente familiar, as práticas educativas dos pais e as funções executivas em crianças préescolares. Participaram 30 crianças e seus respectivos responsáveis legais. As crianças tinham idades entre 3 e 6 anos, de ambos os sexos, do Maternal II, Nível I e Nível II de uma escola particular da cidade de São Paulo. Foram utilizados o Inventário de Estilos Parentais (IEP), adaptado para essa faixa etária, e o Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment (HOME), em dois formatos, para avaliação do ambiente familiar. Para avaliar as funções executivas foram utilizados o Teste de Atenção por Cancelamento, o Teste de Stroop Semântico e o Teste de Trilhas para pré-escolares. Foi calculado o Alfa de Cronbach para os dois formatos do instrumento HOME e observou-se que o mesmo foi maior na versão questionário quando comparado com a versão visita. Correlação não-paramétrica de Spearman entre os escores nas duas versões do HOME revelaram correlação positiva significativa para alguns itens. Em relação ao segundo objetivo, análises evidenciaram que a maioria das correlações estabelecidas entre os escores do IEP e dos instrumentos de funções executivas foi de magnitude baixa a moderada, sendo que, de modo geral, quanto mais apropriado o estilo parental dos pais, melhor o controle de interferência dos filhos. Considerando o HOME no formato questionário e os instrumentos de avaliação das funções executivas, a maioria das correlações foi de magnitude baixa a moderada e com desempenhos no Teste de Stroop Semântico. Além disso, tanto a estimulação da linguagem quanto a presença de materiais de aprendizagem foram positivamente relacionadas às funções executivas. Já desempenhos no HOME no formato visita tiveram correlações de magnitude alta com os escores dos três instrumentos de funções executivas. Alguns resultados não esperados foram encontrados, por exemplo, quanto maior a modelagem por parte dos pais, maior o tempo de reação quando as crianças são expostas a atividades que exigem controle de interferência, e quanto mais satisfatória a responsividade emocional e verbal do cuidador para a criança, menor a sua capacidade de atenção alternada. Assim, de forma geral houve algumas relações entre ambiente familiar, práticas parentais e funções executivas. Sugere-se o desenvolvimento de programas de intervenção com pais visando proporcionar práticas que fomentem o desenvolvimento das funções executivas no ambiente familiar.

The current approach to assessing the educational quality applicable to assessing objects and processes formed and realized in producing spheres is widely spread. However, as education is a much more complicated anthropological, social and cultural object in comparison to that of production, the above mentioned approach is least effective. In education both \"strong\" and \"weak\" models are used. There do not exist measurement instruments for accurate assessing mild results. Self control, expert assessing method and portfolio are being put forward.

The given Diploma Thesis focuses on social environment in the families with disabled children. The first three chapters describe the process of socialization and its impact on human development, then a family creating an environment for primary socialization and finally the third chapter describes examples of physical disabilities and specifics related to socialization of disabled people. This phenomena, examined and verified through the qualitative research, constitutes the issue of the fourth chapter. The qualitative survey is based on semi-structured interviews, followed by their open-coding assessment. The survey demonstrates changes, both in the family and in the family´s social environment, which occurred after the birth of a child with physical disability, or after detecting a diagnosis as a consequence of the acquired disability. The topic in question also discusses difficulties associated with care of a children with physical disability, as for the time, mental, social and other requirements.

The current approach to assessing the educational quality applicable to assessing objects and processes formed and realized in producing spheres is widely spread. However, as education is a much more complicated anthropological, social and cultural object in comparison to that of production, the above mentioned approach is least effective. In education both \"strong\" and \"weak\" models are used. There do not exist measurement instruments for accurate assessing mild results. Self control, expert assessing method and portfolio are being put forward.