Bakgrund: Demens är ett permanent tillstånd som drabbar en stor del av en alltmer åldrande befolkning i Sverige. Patienter med demens lider ofta av kommunikationssvårigheter, bristande insikt, aggressivt beteende samt personlighetsförändringar vilket kan upplevas svårt att hantera av såväl anhöriga som vårdpersonal. Forskning har visat att musik kan ha positiv inverkan på välbefinnandet och användas i omvårdnaden. Syfte: Syftet med denna litteraturstudie var att beskriva musikens effekter för patienter med demenssjukdom. Metod: En litteraturstudie baserat på tio vetenskapliga artiklar, tre kvalitativa och sju kvantitativa. Resultat: Resultatet presenterades utifrån två teman. Dessa var Hälsoeffekter som främjar välbefinnandet hos patienter med demenssjukdom och Hälsoeffekter som främjar interaktion mellan patienter med demenssjukdom och vårdpersonal. Musikens hälsoeffekter innefattade känslor av välbehag och trivsel, minskad ångest, lugn miljö där aggression och agitation kunde minska, ökad kognitiv förmåga, förbättrad kommunikation och ett ökat samspel. Slutsats: Musikens positiva hälsoeffekter för patienter med demenssjukdom kan utvecklas till en hälsofrämjande process som skapar möjligheter både för den demenssjuke patienten och vårdpersonalen. Att medvetandegöra och lyfta fram musikens effekter bland vårdpersonal som arbetar i demenssjukvården är ett sätt att ta ansvar för en god omvårdnad. Inte minst, när orden hos patienten inte räcker till att kommunicera med. Klinisk betydelse: Musik kan vara ett verktyg i omvårdnadsarbetet. Genom att implementera musik som en metod i omvårdnaden för patienter med demenssjukdom kan både ett ökat välbefinnande och en bättre interaktion mellan patient och vårdpersonal befrämjas. / Background: Dementia is a permanent condition that affects a large part of an increasingly aging population in Sweden. Patients with dementia often suffer from communication difficulties, lack of insight, aggressive behaviour and personality changes, which may be perceived as difficult to manage by both relatives and healthcare professionals. Research has shown that music can have a positive impact on well-being and be used in the care of the patient. Aim: The aim of this study was to describe the effects of music for patients with dementia. Method: A literature study based on ten scientific articles, three qualitative and seven quantitative. Result: The result was presented based on two themes. These were Health effects that promote well-being in patients with dementia and Health effects that promote interactions between patients with dementia and caregivers. Music's health benefits included feelings of pleasure and satisfaction, reduced anxiety, calm environment where aggression and agitation could decrease, increased cognitive performance, improved communication and the relationship between patients with dementia and caregivers. Conclusion: The music's positive health effects for patients with dementia may develop into a health promotion process that creates opportunities for both the dementia sufferer patient and medical staff. Awareness and highlight the music's effect among health professionals working in dementia care is a way to take responsibility for good care. In particular, when the words of the patient is not sufficient to communicate with. Clinical implications: Music can be a tool in nursing. By implementing music as a method of caring for patients with dementia may both increased well-being and a better interaction between patients and health workers promoted. / <p>Röda Korsets sjuksköterskeförening stipendium januari 2016</p>

This thesis deals about theme of music in leisure and its effects on humans. The first chapter is describing about music in history. The second chapter deals about the pop music, using music in leisure and about the media which are producing music and spreading it among the people. The last third chapter discusses about the effect of music on humans. Effects are noxious or therapeutic. In the practical part we were examining and describing the perception of healthy and unhealthy music by people. Except that we were also examining the status of music in leisure.

Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders demonstrate deficits in speech and language, with the most outstanding speech impairments being in comprehension, semantics, prosody, and pragmatics. Perception and production of music and speech in children with ASD appear to follow the same principles of Gestalt pattern perceptual organization. In addition, common neuroanatomical structures and similar patterns of cortical activation mediate the perception and production of speech and music. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore how the perception of musical stimuli would impact the perception and production of speech and language in children with ASD. The study examined the effect of developmental speech-language training through music on the speech production of children with ASD. The participants were 50 children with ASD, age range 3 to 5 years, who had previously been evaluated on standard tests of language and level of functioning. The children completed the pre-test, six sessions of training, and the post-test. The pre-and post-tests consisted of the Verbal Production Evaluation Scale (VPES) and measured each participant's verbal production including semantics, phonology, pragmatics, and prosody, of 36 target words. Eighteen participants completed music training, in which they watched a music video containing six songs and pictures of the 36 target words. Another group of eighteen participants completed speech training, in which they watched a speech video containing six stories and pictures of target words. Fourteen participants were randomly assigned to a no-training condition. Results of the study showed that participants in both music and speech training significantly increased their scores on the VPES from the pre-test to the post-test. Both music and speech training were effective for enhancing participants' speech production including semantics, phonology, pragmatics, and prosody. Participants who received music training made greater progress on speech production than participants who received the speech training; however, the difference was not statistically significant. Results of the study also indicated that the level of speech production was influenced by the level of functioning in children with ASD. An interaction between level of functioning and training conditions on speech production approached significance. The results indicate that both high and low functioning participants improved their speech production after receiving either music or speech training; however, low functioning participants showed a greater improvement in speech production after the music training than after the speech training. Collectively, music training was more effective for speech production in low functioning children with ASD than was speech training. The study suggests that the superior performance in speech production in children with ASD who received music training might be generated from music stimuli which were organized by the Gestalt laws of pattern perception. In conclusion, children with ASD appear to perceive important linguistic information (i.e., target words) embedded in music stimuli, and can verbally produce the words as functional speech. These results provide evidence for the use of music as an effective way to enhance speech production in children with ASD.

The effect of concurrent music on gait was investigated amongst Parkinson‟s disease (PD) patients and age-matched control subjects. Ten people (mean age 66.6 ± 6.5 years) with idiopathic Parkinson‟s disease and ten healthy age-matched (mean age 65.4 ± 6.3 years) control subjects completed steady state gait, dual task and obstacle negotiation trials in two differing test conditions; no music and whilst listening to music. Testing conditions were counterbalanced between subjects. The gait performance of PD patients was detrimentally affected by concurrently listening to music during steady state gait and obstacle negotiation, an effect that was further compounded in the dual task context. These findings imply that listening to music concurrent to gait may increase the attentional cost for PD patients. The findings of these studies have implications for patients, who may be at greater risk of falls in multi-task situations. / xi, 113 leaves ; 29 cm. --

This Master's thesis examines girls' self-esteem through a qualitative research project held in the summer of 2010 at Portland, Oregon's Rock 'n' Roll Camp for Girls. I interviewed ten white, middle class girls between the ages of ten and thirteen on various subjects including demographics, self-esteem, music, Rock 'n' Roll Camp for Girls and finally, experiences and pressures associated with being a girl. One key finding was the unique set of circumstances and experiences present which may foster higher self-esteem: 1) freedom from gender normative behavior; 2) skill mastery associated with learning an instrument; 3) support for a wider range of self-expression; 4) removal of the male gaze and male approval [in a female only space]; and 5) access to female role models. This thesis suggests that through their involvement with the Rock 'n' Roll Camp for Girls, these ten girls experience greater self-esteem.

Performing multiple tasks simultaneously is proposed to have an influence on the amount of mental resources available for attending to incoming stimuli’s. Concentration is presumed to be divided between focussing on driving (incoming visual information) while attending to incoming auditory information. The study aimed to investigate the influence of the tempo of music on concentration and driving ability by means of simulation. Concentration was measured by driving errors (DE) whereas driving ability was measured by lap-times (LT) and elicited behaviour. Four treatment conditions were utilised; that is a no-music (NM) control condition, low tempo music (LTM)-, medium tempo music (MTM)- and high tempo music (HTM) treatment conditions. Results found that the tempo of music does not have an influence on concentration; however, significant results were obtained indicating that the tempo of music does have an influence on driving behaviour. / Psychology / M.A. Soc. Sc. (Psychology)

Performing multiple tasks simultaneously is proposed to have an influence on the amount of mental resources available for attending to incoming stimuli’s. Concentration is presumed to be divided between focussing on driving (incoming visual information) while attending to incoming auditory information. The study aimed to investigate the influence of the tempo of music on concentration and driving ability by means of simulation. Concentration was measured by driving errors (DE) whereas driving ability was measured by lap-times (LT) and elicited behaviour. Four treatment conditions were utilised; that is a no-music (NM) control condition, low tempo music (LTM)-, medium tempo music (MTM)- and high tempo music (HTM) treatment conditions. Results found that the tempo of music does not have an influence on concentration; however, significant results were obtained indicating that the tempo of music does have an influence on driving behaviour. / Psychology / M.A. Soc. Sc. (Psychology)

The topic of this thesis is ``Music therapy in Karlovy Vary Region{\crqq}. As the topic itself says, this work concentrates on music therapy as a valuable form of psychotherapy. A theoretical part of this thesis contains description of the history of music therapy and treatment by means of music. Apart from that, the theoretical part deals with an impact of music on people. It is also focused on positive and negative impact of music and sounds. The author describes various kinds and forms of music therapy. In the introductory part of this work the author concentrates on the area of music therapy and then he concerns with the common use of music therapy, including its division into particular target groups affected by music. The end of theoretical part concerns with methods and techniques in music therapy, where some of which were also used practically, as was finally proved by rersearch. The author oriented his research towards the use of music therapy in the Karlovy Vary Region, as it is claimed in the name of this thesis. The aim of this thesis is to find out whether the addressed instutitions of social services have encountered music therapy, and in what extent is music therapy carried out in the Karlovy Vary Region. In addition to research the author led music therapy meetings with seniors in České Budějovice, and Karlovy Vary. Techniques and experiences from this practice are described in the part of results and they are backed up with photo-documentation.

Le présent mémoire vise à décrire et définir l’effet de transfert musique-parole, qui signifie d’une part les bienfaits transférés entre les deux domaines similaires, et d’autre part les difficultés causées à un domaine, dues à un déficit dans un autre domaine, et à discuter de ses origines à différents niveaux : du niveau acoustique au niveau cérébral, en s’intéressant aux résultats comportementaux et neuroscientifiques des études disponibles. L’objectif principal est de récapituler les manifestations de cet effet de transfert et d’en découvrir l’origine. Dans un premier temps, nous présenterons les phénomènes observés résultant de l’interaction musique-parole, et nous nous intéressons particulièrement aux effets de transfert de la musique à la parole, en les catégorisant en trois aspects principaux : l’amorçage musical à court terme, l’entraînement musical à long terme, et les bienfaits apportés par la musique aux personnes neurotypiques et à celles atteintes des troubles langagiers. Nous ferons des hypothèses sur l’origine de cet apparent effet de transfert, compte tenu de la relation complexe entre la musique et la parole. Ensuite, en passant en revue le débat sur la relation entre musique et parole, et en présentant des hypothèses sur l’association et la dissociation des deux domaines, nous tenterons d’en discuter l’origine. Finalement, nous proposerons quelques remarques concernant cet effet de transfert, en discutant des questions et hypothèses posées au début. / The present dissertation aims to describe and define the music-to-speech transfer effect, which means, on the one hand, benefits transferred between the two similar domains, and, on the other hand, difficulties caused to one domain due to a deficit in another domain, and to discuss its origins at various levels: from the acoustic to the cerebral level, reviewing the behavioural and neuroscientific results of available studies. The main objective is to summarize the manifestations of this transfer effect and to discover its origins. First, we will present the observed phenomena resulting from the interaction of music and speech, with a particular focus on the transfer effects of music to speech, categorising them into three main aspects: short-term musical priming, long-term musical training, and the benefits of music for neurotypicals and those with language disorders. We will hypothesize about the origins of this apparent transfer effect by considering the complex relationship between music and speech. Then, by systematically reviewing the debate on the relationship between music and speech, and by presenting the hypotheses of association and dissociation of the two domains, we will attempt to discuss its origins. Finally, we will propose some remarks concerning this effect of the transfer, discussing the questions and hypotheses posed at the beginning.