<p>Sedan 1995 har ett 40-tal svenska sjukhus varit involverade i olika strukturella förändringar. För de flesta av dem har organisatoriska sammanslagningar med andra sjukhus genomförts. Huvudsakliga drivkrafter till de organisatoriska förändringarna har varit besparingskrav inom landstingens ekonomi.</p><p>Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka hur sjukhusledningen på Karolinska Universitetssjukhuset fortlöpande hanterade internkommunikationen under organisationsförändringen i samband med sammanslagningen med Huddinge Sjukhus. Vi vill se hur personalen uppfattade denna information och kommunikation samt om det varit en effektiv förändringsprocess.</p><p>Internkommunikation är en nyckel till en effektiv förändringsprocess. Dålig kommunikation och bristfällig information kan vara de främsta anledningarna till att organisationsförändringar misslyckas.</p><p>Uppsatsen baseras utifrån en fallstudie framarbetad av personliga intervjuer och en enkätundersökning gjord vid vårdavdelning A22 på den ortopediska kliniken på Karolinska Universitetssjukhus. Ämnet som behandlas är internkommunikationens roll vid en organisationsförändring.</p><p>I vår undersökning har vi kommit fram till att internkommunikation under en organisationsförändring spelar en betydande roll för att skapa förändringsvilja hos anställda. Dålig kommunikation och bristfällig information leder till att förändringsviljan hos de anställda blir låg. Allt detta resulterar i en ineffektiv förändringsprocess.</p>

<p><strong><strong><p>Abstract</p></strong></strong></p><p>The Luxury Sailing Yacht industry has been severely affected by the global economic crisis</p><p>since several Luxury Sailing Yacht companies have experienced significant downturn. There</p><p>is an increasing number of companies, which are moving the world into a more innovationbased</p><p>economy since it offers more opportunities. Therefore, there is a growing interest for</p><p>innovation since it can be used for keeping a strong position in the fast growing Luxury</p><p>Sailing Yacht market.</p><p>This Master’s thesis explores how Luxury Sailing Yacht producers within the Luxury Sailing</p><p>Yacht industry can create, reach, and sustain the position of innovation leadership in order to</p><p>gain further growth and success. Furthermore, it shows to the Luxury Sailing Yacht industry</p><p>how value innovations can be used to open up new growth opportunities in new-found</p><p>markets.</p><p>In specific, this thesis explores the creation of new market within the LSY industry through</p><p>the usage of value innovation. Therefore, an understanding of the Luxury Sailing Yacht</p><p>market’s perception of innovation is necessary, which shows differences and similarities</p><p>between Luxury Sailing Yacht producers and users.</p><p>The theoretical basis for the research is constituted by developing new markets through value</p><p>innovation and the blue ocean strategy. Thereafter, the research empirical findings are</p><p>collected in numerous steps. First the perception of innovation on both the users and</p><p>producers is collected through a survey so as to compare their opinions and create value</p><p>curves. Based on the user survey the most innovative Luxury Sailing Yacht producers are</p><p>selected for our multiple-case study in order to get their various views on how innovation can</p><p>be used in the Luxury Sailing Yacht industry.</p><p><strong><strong><p>Key Words</p>: blue ocean strategy, customers-as-innovators, first mover, growth through</strong></strong></p><p>innovation, innovation network, lead-users, networking, new product development, perception</p><p>of innovation, value curves, value innovation, value network</p>

<p>This thesis will analyze what companies main motives have been regarding their decision to offshore; either their whole production or only parts of it. The emphasis will be put on the following motives: enter new markets, cost-efficiency and closeness to markets, since they are the most commonly used in the literature. To be able to answer our purpose we have chosen to use a qualitative method by interviewing three companies within Jönköpings County, namely; Becker-Acroma, Sapa Profiles AB and Nefab.</p><p>The basic structure of the world economic map consisted of a core and a periphery, where the raw materials were provided by the periphery to the core, which in turn produced the final consumption goods. However, trade patterns have changed and the international structure of today’s business environment combined with advanced communication systems has created an environment where offshore markets have become more accessible.</p><p>After conducting the qualitative research, we have seen that the motive for offshoring differs in the long- and short run. A general pattern is evident in the short run as the interviewed companies have offshored, in order to follow their customers as they have moved their production abroad. The reason why companies follow their customer is in order to supply them more efficiently at the foreign market, rather than exporting the goods from Sweden. However, in the long run cost-efficiency becomes more important for a company, since the investigated companies will not stay in a market that does not generate any profit.</p>

Problemområde: Elitettan är svensk fotbolls näst högsta serie på damsidan och denna spelades för första gången år 2013. Den nya rikstäckande serien innebar betydligt längre resor för seriens föreningar och således också en betydande ökning av resekostnaderna.Syfte: syftet med studien är att undersöka organiseringen av elitverksamheten inom svensk damfotboll. Mer precist handlar det om att belysa betydelsen av omvandlingen av landets näst högsta serie, från två geografiskt uppdelade enheter - i form av en Söder- och en Norretta - till en enda riksomfattande serie. Metod: studien har genomförts som en kvalitativ intervjuundersökning som baserats på intervjuer med personer på ledande positioner i sju olika föreningar i Elitettan, samt två utomstående personer, Hanna Marklund, expert på svensk damfotboll samt Anna Nilsson från intresseorganisationen Elitfotboll Dam. Resultat: Resultatet av studien visar att det går att urskilja tydliga samband mellan synsättet på serieomläggningen och vilken historia samt var någonstans föreningarna befinner sig geografiskt. Överlag finns dock en positiv attityd gentemot den nya serien, trots de ökade resekostnaderna som en rikstäckande serie medför. Resultatet visar också att den allmänna uppfattningen av serieomläggningen är att kvaliteten på svensk damfotboll ökat vilket i sin tur har fört med sig att föreningarna blivit mer attraktiva, både för publik och sponsorer.

Abstract Title Perception of consumers regarding the use of data in the sharing economy. Authors Laval Maeva &amp; Noiraut Alexian Level Bachelor thesis, 15 ECTS credit Supervisor Venilton Reinert Examiner Hélène Laurell Keywords sharing economy, Y generation, consumers’ perception, and data Background As link between consumption of collaborative economy and perception of data had not yet been investigated; a more indepth analysis of consumer perception of data use by companies is needed. Purpose The purpose of this study is to understand the consumers’ perception about the use of their data by companies of the sharing economy. The goal is to see if they are aware of this phenomenon and if it would modify their behavior regarding the use of these online platforms. Research Question How does the generation Y perceive the fact that companies use their data in Sharing Economy businesses? Method A quantitative, qualitative research has been done for this study to understand generation Y's perception of the sharing economy regarding the use of data by companies. With this research, we focused on a survey but also on four focus groups composed of five persons: French students aged from 18 to 25 years old who travel often for both studies and leisure. We took people from different social backgrounds and have chosen different studies. We emphasize this research with previous theories about the consumer behavior with the buyer decision process in the sharing economy, the selfperception and the price-perception. Theoretical framework: Theories regarding perception on several aspects, from the individual values, to benefit going through price have been included as a basis of discussion in order to analyze our empirical findings. Findings and conclusion Through our research study, we have seen that the Y generation uses the sharing economy essentially for the economy benefit and the time saved but also for its social character and its environmental aspect. Data protection is a really concerning matter for Y generation but they don’t do much about it. Internet use is essential for young people so they accept, when they are aware, to give their data against the free usage of the platform. In addition, we have noticed that the main marketing application of data collection, customized advertising, are misconducted by companies and doesn’t reach users. Despite the awareness of users regarding the protection of data, this generation thinks that collaborative platforms are not so intrusive in their privacy regarding personal information request.

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Bakgrund &amp; problem: Det senaste årtiondet har medfört stora förändringar i redovisningen. Nya regelverk har trätt fram. K2 och K3 är regelverk som många fastighetsföretag har fått välja mellan inför räkenskapsåret 2014. Eftersom K-regelverken har olika regler och principer måste företag välja det regelverk som passar dem bäst. K2 framhålls som ett mer regelbaserat regelverk, medan K3 framhålls som ett principbaserat regelverk. Det har pratats mycket om att komponentredovisning har spelat en stor faktor i valet mellan K-regelverken. Då olika faktorer påverkar beslutsförfattarna undersöker denna studie vilka faktorer som haft betydelse. Syfte: Syftet med studien är att skapa en ökad förståelse för vilka aspekter som påverkat mindre fastighetsföretag vid val av redovisningsregler vid upprättandet av finansiella rapporter. Urval: Tre fastighetsföretag, tre redovisningskonsulter och två revisorer har använts som studieobjekt i denna studie. Metod: En kvalitativ metod har tillämpats, där både primär- och sekundär data har använts i form av intervjuer samt böcker och artiklar. Slutsatser: Vi har kommit fram till att storleken på företaget, externa intressenter, kostnadsfrågan, revisorn/redovisningsekonomerna, effektivitet och framför allt komponentmetoden haft störst påverkan vid valet mellan K2 och K3.

Health economic evaluations are today commonly used in the decision‐making process in health care. Within the field of cost‐effectiveness analysis (CEA), there are several methodological and empirical issues that cause debate about what is included in the analysis. This thesis covers two such issues; costs and effects for relatives, and the valuation of individuals’ productivity loss due to morbidity. The objective of the thesis is to provide further knowledge about what should be included in CEAs which take a societal approach. The papers that the thesis is based on, four in total, examine the theoretical aspects of the studied issues and test these aspects empirically. Three different data materials were used. The CEA and the estimation of costs and effects are central in all the papers. The outcome measure used is quality‐adjusted life years (QALYs). The relatives of an individual with a disease or disability often provide informal care, and there may also be concomitant effect on their own well‐being. Nevertheless, the costs and effects for the relatives are generally excluded from CEAs, and there are few guidelines for how to include relatives’ effects. This thesis suggests the use of a new measure, R‐QALYs, which can be used both to visualise relatives’ effects and to include them in the analysis. We found that while the EQ‐5D instrument can be used to capture some of the relatives’ effects, it most likely misses a number of important attributes, for example altruistic preferences. Methods of eliciting R‐QALY weights include direct valuation methods and indirect methods, using existing relativerelated instruments. However, none of these methods are without difficulties, and there is a need for more studies on estimating valid relatives’ effects. Another possible approach with high potential is to use monetary measurements for both the costs and effects relevant to relatives. The results also show that income affects the QALY weights if the individuals include the utility generated by consumption within their QALY weights. The empirical tests showed that a majority of individuals do not consider their own income when they value health states. An explicit instruction to take income into account seemed to affect the valuation of those health states that were assumed to have consequences on the ability to perform daily activities. These findings give support for including the productivity costs caused by morbidity in the analysis; as these costs are not, or are only to a minor extent, implicitly incorporated in individuals’ QALY weights. The loss of leisure time, however, is captured in the QALY weight, and care must be taken to avoid double counting this loss in the analysis. The results of CEAs will only be partial if relatives’ costs and effects and the costs of individuals’ productivity loss are excluded for health interventions where they are assumed to be of significant importance.