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An Electrical Stimulus based Built In Self Test (BIST) circuit for Capacitive MEMS accelerometerJanuary 2013 (has links)
abstract: Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS) is one of the fastest growing field in silicon industry. Low cost production is key for any company to improve their market share. MEMS testing is challenging since input to test a MEMS device require physical stimulus like acceleration, pressure etc. Also, MEMS device vary with process and requires calibration to make them reliable. This increases test cost and testing time. This challenge can be overcome by combining electrical stimulus based testing along with statistical analysis on MEMS response for electrical stimulus and also limited physical stimulus response data. This thesis proposes electrical stimulus based built in self test(BIST) which can be used to get MEMS data and later this data can be used for statistical analysis. A capacitive MEMS accelerometer is considered to test this BIST approach. This BIST circuit overhead is less and utilizes most of the standard readout circuit. This thesis discusses accelerometer response for electrical stimulus and BIST architecture. As a part of this BIST circuit, a second order sigma delta modulator has been designed. This modulator has a sampling frequency of 1MHz and bandwidth of 6KHz. SNDR of 60dB is achieved with 1Vpp differential input signal and 3.3V supply / Dissertation/Thesis / M.S. Electrical Engineering 2013
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Variaveis associadas a determinação do limiar basal de resposta da polpa dental ao estimulo eletrico / Variables associated to pulpal threshold determination with electrical stimulusBranco, Filipe Polese 28 February 2007 (has links)
Orientador: Maria Cristina Volpato / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-08T06:11:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
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Previous issue date: 2007 / Resumo: O uso do pulp tester ainda não está padronizado na literatura. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar as condições ideais para determinação do limiar basal de resposta pulpar a estímulo elétrico. Duzentos e cinqüenta e seis voluntários sadios e com dentes responsíveis a estímulo elétrico foram selecionados e divididos em 7 estudos. Estímulo elétrico foi aplicado aos dentes em testes sucessivos, com intervalo de 2 minutos entre eles. As variáveis estudadas foram: número de medidas e de voluntários, necessidade de secagem do dente, influência da solução condutora, do operador, do período do dia e da temperatura ambiente, do grupo étnico-racial do voluntário, e do uso de ácido mefenâmico e nimesulida. Foi também avaliada a sensibilidade dolorosa dos voluntários por meio da escala analógica visual (EAV). Os resultados de limiar basal de resposta pulpar foram submetidos aos testes t e de Tukey e os de EAV aos testes de Wilcoxon e Friedman (a=0,05). A média obtida com 3 medidas não diferiu das obtidas com número maior de medidas; a secagem prévia do dente e o uso de gel de flúor neutro levaram a menores valores de limiar pulpar; voluntários de ambos os gêneros apresentam maiores valores de limiar pulpar quando avaliados por operador do gênero feminino. Não houve diferença no limiar pulpar entre os horários 8h, 11h, 14h e 17h, entre as sessões com temperatura ambiente inferior a 15oC ou superior a 25oC, bem como entre as raças amarela, branca e preta, e após administração de dose única de ácido mefenâmico ou de nimesulida quando comparados a placebo. Concluiu-se que para a determinação do limiar basal pulpar após aplicação de estímulo elétrico deve-se fazer a média de pelo menos 3 medidas consecutivas e utilizar no mínimo 20 voluntários; a secagem prévia do dente pode levar à melhor condução do impulso; o gel de flúor neutro deve ser a substância condutora de escolha; o gênero do operador pode exercer influência nos voluntários; o limiar basal pulpar não apresenta ritmo circadiano e não sofre interferência da temperatura ambiente, da etnia do voluntário ou da nimesulida e ácido mefenâmico, administrados em dose única / Abstract: There are some unclear aspects about electrical pulpal threshold measure. The objective of this study was to determine the ideal conditions for pulpal threshold measure. Two hundred and fifty six healthy volunteers with teeth able to respond to electrical stimulus were selected and divided in 7 studies. Pulpal threshold was evaluated by means of an electric pulp tester, with a 2min interval between tests. The variables studied were: number of measures and volunteers, and the influence of moisture, conductive media, gender of the operator, room temperature, period of the day, volunteers¿ ethnicity, and administration of mefenamic acid and nimesulide. Pain sensibility was evaluated by Analogue Visual Scale (VAS). Pulpal threshold data were evaluated by ANOVA and t and Tukey tests; VAS results were
submitted to Wilcoxon and Friedman tests. Results: the mean obtained with 3 measures was not dfferent than the obtained with higher number of measures; lower pulpal threshold means were obtained with previous dryness of teeth and neutral fluoride gel as conductive media; male and female volunteers presented higher pulpal threshold mean when evaluated by female operator; no difference in pulpal threshold were observed among ethnic Brazilian groups, yellow, white, and black, among periods of the day (8h, 11h, 14h and 17h), between room temperature bellow 15oC and above 25oC and with the administration of mefenamic acid and nimesulid when compared to placebo. It was concluded that at least 20 volunteers must be measured and 3 measures must be performed to determine electrical pulpal threshold; dryness of teeth can improve electrical conductance; operator gender can influence the volunteers¿ pulpal threshold; pulpal threshold is not influenced by room temperature, volunteer ethnicity, and single dose dministration of mefenamic acid and nimesulide. No circadian pattern was observed for pulpal threshold / Doutorado / Farmacologia, Anestesiologia e Terapeutica / Doutor em Odontologia
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