No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

This thesis reports a summary of the PhD programme for the assessment of person‘s emotional anxiety using Electro-optical technology. The thesis focuses mainly on the understanding of fundamental properties of physiological responses to emotional anxiety and how they can be captured by using Electro-optical (EO) imaging methods such as hyperspectral imaging (HSI) and thermal imaging (TI) techniques. The thesis summarises three main areas of work that have been undertaken by the author in the programme: (a) Experimental set up including HSI system and data acquisition software design and implementation, (b) fundamental understanding of physiological responses to emotional anxiety from the EO perspective and (c) the development of a novel remote sensing technique for the assessment of emotions without the requirement of base line information. One of our main results is to provide evidence to prove that the mean temperature in the periorbital region remains the same within 0.2°C during emotional anxiety. Furthermore, we have shown that it is the high temperature pixels within the periorbital, which increases in numbers by a huge amount after 2 minutes of the onset of anxiety. We have also developed techniques to allow the assessment anxiety without the need of base line information. The method has been tested using a sample size of about 40 subjects, and achieved promising result. Technologies for the remote sensing of heart beat rate has been in great demand, this study also involves the development of heart beat detection using TI system. Moreover, we have also attempted for the first time to sense glucose concentration from the blood sample in-vivo using HSI technique remotely.

This thesis reports a summary of the PhD programme for the assessment of person‘s emotional anxiety using Electro-optical technology. The thesis focuses mainly on the understanding of fundamental properties of physiological responses to emotional anxiety and how they can be captured by using Electro-optical (EO) imaging methods such as hyperspectral imaging (HSI) and thermal imaging (TI) techniques. The thesis summarises three main areas of work that have been undertaken by the author in the programme: (a) Experimental set up including HSI system and data acquisition software design and implementation, (b) fundamental understanding of physiological responses to emotional anxiety from the EO perspective and (c) the development of a novel remote sensing technique for the assessment of emotions without the requirement of base line information. One of our main results is to provide evidence to prove that the mean temperature in the periorbital region remains the same within 0.2°C during emotional anxiety. Furthermore, we have shown that it is the high temperature pixels within the periorbital, which increases in numbers by a huge amount after 2 minutes of the onset of anxiety. We have also developed techniques to allow the assessment anxiety without the need of base line information. The method has been tested using a sample size of about 40 subjects, and achieved promising result. Technologies for the remote sensing of heart beat rate has been in great demand, this study also involves the development of heart beat detection using TI system. Moreover, we have also attempted for the first time to sense glucose concentration from the blood sample in-vivo using HSI technique remotely. / ©Cranfield University

. / .

Polymer stabilized cholesteric liquid crystals (PSCLCs) provide many advantages over other electro-optical materials. The unique helical structure of the cholesteric liquid crystal (CLC) creates a natural gradient for light interacting across each CLC domain layer. Not only does the CLC helical structure greatly increase the bandwidth tuning and broadening range, it also allows CLCs to act as a polarizer, notch filter, reflector, and optical rotator all in one material. However, while many novel PSCLC materials have been created, little is understood about how complex initial system interactions affect final electro-optical (e-o) properties.1,2 In this work, the principal variables affecting PSCLC blue shift electro-optical behavior have been determined through structural analysis and measurement of electro-optical properties. Typical PSCLC materials must meet both formulation and photopolymerization processing requirements to display blue shift e-o properties. Threshold photoinitiator concentrations (0.5-1.5 wt%) and morpholine containing group concentrations (0.25-1.0 wt%) were both shown to be primary factors, along with sufficient UV exposure time (10-30 min) and light intensity (500 mW/cm2, 365 nm), for PSCLC blue shift bandwidth tuning/broadening to occur. Morpholine was initially identified as a component of photoinitators Irgacure 369 and 907 and was proven to increase PSCLC ion density altering LC-polymer network interactions with several proposed theories included later in this work. The use of an appropriate morpholine containing LC monomer to directly incorporate morpholine into the LC-polymer network was shown to greatly improve PSCLC sample stability. Through the results of this research we successfully induced blue shift e-o behavior in a previous red shift only PSCLC using only 30% of the UV exposure that a model PSCLC blue shift sample required while extending the blue shift broadening range over threefold (from 75 nm to 250 nm). The fundamental understanding and design of PSCLC systems described herein serves as a starting point for engineering PSCLC materials with specific and desirable electro-optical properties.

No description available.

Les travaux de recherche présentés dans ce manuscrit de thèse ont pour principal objectif d’aider à comprendre les différents mécanismes et phénomènes qui interviennent lors de l’interaction d’un laser avec un semiconducteur dans une analyse de circuits intégrés submicroniques. Le but étant de maitriser et améliorer les techniques d’analyse par laser en mode sonde. La miniaturisation et la densification des composants électroniques fait que les techniques d’analyse par laser atteignent leurs limites. Connaitre l’impact des différents paramètres physiques, optiques et électriques sur une analyse sonde est un facteur clé pour pouvoir améliorer la compréhension des signaux sonde mesuré. Ces travaux montrent également l’effet non négligeable de la température sur les techniques d’analyse par laser en mode sonde. / The main objective of the presented research work in this PhD thesis is to help to understand the different mechanisms and phenomena involved in the interaction of a laser with a semiconductor in the analysis of a submicron integrated circuit. The aim is to master and improve the Electro Optical Probing techniques. Miniaturization and densification of electronic components lead the failure analysis techniques using Laser to their limits. Knowing the impact of different physical, optical and electrical parameters on a probing analysis is a key to improve the understanding the measured EOP signals. These studies also show the significant effect of temperature on the EOP techniques.

Rapid changes in population distribution across Canada and the introduction of new telecommunication services to the consumer market have resulted in a number of significant challenges for existing network infrastructure. Fast growing populations in metropolitan regions require high density access networks to meet the growing need for bandwidth that results. Furthermore, new services such as high definition TV, online gaming and real-time video teleconferencing are becoming increasingly popular among consumers. These services require higher bandwidth to be available to end users. Changes in the Canadian economy will soon lead to a transition in Canadian industry from manufacturing to services and exploration of natural resources. This will create opportunities for new industrial development and growth in northern regions. Expanding industrialization towards northern Canada will require deployment of reliable telecommunication infrastructure. The combination of open source software, Linux operating system and Personal Computer (PC) based hardware platform is proposed to become the foundation for low cost and flexible technology that will provide transition towards all-optical infrastructures. An innovative prototype of a low-cost optical gigabit Ethernet switch is presented and its benchmark results are discussed. Scalability of the switch and its future applications in optical networks are studied. A prototype of a software based data encapsulation system was designed and implemented in a PC based platform, and its performance was evaluated using real data that was captured in commercial LAN. Semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOA) are studied as a building block in next generation switching devices for all-optical access networks. A prototype of an SOA-based low-cost optical switching device with implemented FPGA based controlling mechanism is presented and its characteristics are discussed. SOA is also studied as an energy efficient optical amplifier that can be deployed in end user facilities. The presented results provide proof of concept of a low cost flexible platform that can be used to design and build network devices to facilitate the transition of existing telecommunication networks towards next generation optical access infrastructure.