Doctor of Philosophy / This thesis has tried to construct a comprehensive analysis of a clearly defined community of Egyptian Jews in Australia and France, based on the oral history of Egyptian born migrants. Built around the conceptual framework of forced emigration, integration and acculturation, it looks at the successful experience of this particular migrant group within both Australian and French societies. Like the other Jewish communities of Arab lands, the Egyptian Jewish community no longer exists, as it was either expelled or forced into exile in the aftermath of the three Arab-Israeli wars (1948, 1956, 1967). This thesis argues that the rise of an exclusively Arab-Islamic type of nationalism, the growth of Islamic fundamentalism and the escalating Arab-Israeli conflict constituted the fundamental causes for the demise of Egyptian Jewry. As a consequence, almost half of the Jewish population of Egypt went to Israel. The rest dispersed throughout the Western world, mainly in France, North and South America. In Australia, a small group of around 2,000 found a new home. Apart from those who migrated to Israel, the majority of Egyptian Jews experienced a waiting period in Europe before they were accepted by any of the countries of immigration, a period facilitated by international and local Jewish welfare agencies. My interviewees chose Australia mostly to be reunited with family members. They first had to overcome the racial discrimination of the ‘White Australia’ Immigration policy towards Jews of Middle Eastern origin, a hurdle surmounted thanks to the tireless efforts of some leaders of the Australian Jewish community. With their multiple language skills, multi-layered identity and innate ability to interact with a variety of ethnic groups, they succeeded in establishing themselves in an unfamiliar country that initially welcomed them reluctantly. As such, they can be said to have successfully acculturated and integrated into Australian society, whilst retaining their own cultural diversity. The more numerous Egyptian Jews living in France also successfully acculturated. As a larger group, they were better equipped to assert themselves within the older Jewish/French community and retain their distinctive Sephardi culture. Studies such as the present one provide insight into the process of integration and identity reconstruction, as well as the diverse strategies used to ensure a successful acculturation, and the value of a multi-layered identity.

This thesis compares population policy and demographic outcomes in France and Australia from 1945 taking into consideration projections to 2050. These features are analysed using a theoretical approach derived from James Q. Wilson and Gary Freeman, flagging focused benefits/costs and diffuse benefits/costs of population growth, including growth fueled by immigration. This analysis is framed by the New Ecological Paradigm developed by Dunlap and Catton. The oil shock of 1973 is identified as a major turning point where French and Australian policy directions and demographic trends diverge, notably on immigration. It is established that in both countries there was a will for population stabilisation and energy conservation, which succeeded in France. In Australia, however, a strong, organised growth lobby over-rode this Malthusian tendency. A major force for growth lay in the speculative property development and housing industries. The specific qualities of the Australian land development planning and housing system facilitated land speculation. Speculative opportunity and profits were increased by population growth and, with decreasing fertility rates, the industries concerned relied increasingly on high immigration rates. In France, to the contrary, the land development planning and housing industries had no similar dependency on immigration and, since the oil shock, have adapted to a declining population growth rate. The author concludes that France has a relatively Malthusian economy and that Australia has a relatively Cornucopian one. These observations may be extrapolated respectively to non-English speaking Western European States and to English Speaking Settler States. Speculative benefits from population growth/immigration are illustrated by demonstrating a relationship between ratcheting property price inflation in high overseas immigration cities in Australia and the near absence of this inflation in low growth areas. In contrast this ratcheting effect is absent in France and French cities where population growth and immigration have little influence on the property market. The research suggests that speculative benefits of high population growth have been magnified by globalisation of the property market and that these rising stakes are likely to increase the difficulty of population stabilisation and energy conservation under the Australian land development and planning system. The thesis contains a substantial appendix analysing and comparing French and Australian demographic and energy use statistics.

The blue glass is always the hardest to find. On the beach you catch the waves bringing back the glass from forgotten tossed bottles, frosted green, clear, or mottled pale brown. But the blue glass - that's the real thing. I search for days without finding any. Sometimes there are slivers; other days, small chunks. Like a beachcomber, I comb the sands for it. I take the glass home and make some into jewellery and touchstones for people to hang on to; pour essential oils on others so the scents waft heavenward and meld together with the glass to form a bond. Words are like that. They can fuse with each other and ignite, or just quietly combine, On sunny days, I take my books with me to the beach. I toss words back and forth in my mind, like churning waves. I cobble them together, A phrase here. A sentence there. The water. The sun. The sand. The glass. The words. The paper. The Connection. I find myself enveloped in it all. The glass is from bottles tossed into the surf by unthinking people - picnickers, vacationers, those who don't have to return here and live with the remnants of their actions. Over time, the broken glass is ground and moulded by the action of the waves; the sharp edges are softened and etched by the sand and water, The sea glass is washed up on shore and picked up by beachcombers. Some recycle it for other uses like me; others just keep it as a reminder of a day at the beach. The words I sift through as I sit on the sand are measured in the sea glass. I pick each word up and look through it to see how much light shines through. What use do 1 have for it? A poem? An essay? A fragment of a sentence, for something to be said in the future? I watch the sun rest uneasily on its bed of water and slide slowly, farther down. I know the hot summer is coming to a close and I am loath to let go of the closeness I feel with nature. I live to find the blue glass, and sometimes it just happens. My search for Indian migrant women was like my quest for the blue glass. It was not an easy task. It became a process of rummaging through other people's lives, searching for fragments and relics. Eventually I was able to fit pieces together to form a mosaic of their lives in that other time, that other place. And also in this present time, in this place they now call home, Australia.

The aim of this bachelor’s thesis is to analyze if there are differences in the way of explainingthe causes of The Great Emigration from Sweden to America in the late 1800s/beginningof the 1900s. Due to the researcher’s education the thesis has a didactic, and comparativeperspective between how history textbooks aimed for Middle School and High School andhow the exhibition Drömmen om Amerika (= The Dream of America), in Vaxjo, Sweden,explains this phenomena. A special analysis scheme is applied to the sources in a way to makeit clear to the reader how informative they are and how much effort they put in the explaining. The outcome of the analysis shows that the exhibition gives the visitor a wider, deeper,and more informative depiction of The Great Emigration, compared to the textbooks’ moresummarized extracts. However, many teachers and pupils consider it difficult to applymuseums’ productions into the every-day-history-education in the classroom. In order tofollow the policy documents made for the school, teachers often use the adapted-for-school-curriculum-textbooks as a central part of the education, instead of museums. Comparing thetextbooks against each other, the analysis shows that the Middle-School-textbooks give morecauses to The Great Emigration but the High-School-textbooks explain the causes in a muchmore informative way.

The purpose of this essay is to investigate how the Dakota conflict in 1862 affected the Swedish immigrants in Minnesota and how the collective memory was shaped in that particular group of people. To examine the contents of the collective memory this essay uses the theories of Halbwachs on collective memory as well as Orm Øverlands theories on creating an identity and ethnic memory in USA since the concepts of collective memory and the process of creating an identity is connected on a basic level. The essay compares the collective memory created by the Swedish-Americans with the collective memories of the Dakota Indians and finds indications that both ethnic groups have a highly traumatized memory of the conflict. However the difference between the two groups is that the Indians have both positive and negative memories of the conflict while the Swedish-Americans only have negative memories. Furthermore the essay finds that the fear of Indians that was present in the Swedish-American ethnic groups can be traced back to events of the Dakota Conflict. The reports published in Hemlandet, a newspaper on Swedish, have furthermore added to the, in many cases, unmotivated fear of Indians.

Due to the impact of globalization, enterprises have undertaken all possible cuts to survive. Fresh-outs have encountered obstacles entering job markets. Unemployment rate has reached its record high. The solution could be ¡§Invest & Emigrate Abroad¡¨ to create job opportunities for Taiwan people. This study ¡§The Impact of Foreign Investment and Emigration on the Unemployment¡¨ is to find ways for people from Taiwan to be employed abroad. With the assistance of Government, this would be a win-win solution for employers and work force in Taiwan. The purpose of this study is outlined below: 1. Providing solutions to lessen the impact of globalization which are causing closure and relocations of businesses. 2. Providing solutions to prevent mid-aged work force losing their jobs. 3. Encouraging educated workers to emigrate, this could in turn promote the image of Taiwan. 4. Assisting businesses to find opportunities abroad. 5. Emigrating to other countries can reduce unemployment rate and improve quality life in Taiwan. The research procedures and their flow are designed based on the objectives of this study. The sources of literature and the definitions of the issues are considered in designing the procedure. The research constructions then are planned according to the chosen research method. There are two research issues: A and B. Issue A: Would the perception of the factors which cause the closure of businesses and workers to lose jobs vary due to personal characteristics. Issue B: Would the perception of the important issues which cause businesses to close and workers to lose jobs vary due to personal characteristics.¡C The questionnaire consists of 31 questions. 450 copies were sent via mail or hand delivery. 331 responded and collected. 9 out of 331 were invalid. Valid rate is 73%. People randomly chosen to fill out the questionnaire or to be interviewed included those from manufacturing, construction, services, agriculture, governmental, and academic (incl. students) fields. 68% perceived that ¡§Invest & Emigrate Abroad¡¨ could help businesses and improve employment environment. The details of the results are as followed: Issue A¡GUsing factor analysis to operate measuring tool, we chose 4 major factors. According to the definitions¡]Organized Emigration with Special Task Officials¡BInvestment & Emigration improve investment environment¡BEmigration can reduce unemployment¡BPlanning Emigration & Investment Strategies and Changes of Policies¡^, the findings from Variation Analysis are¡G ¡]1¡^Organized Emigration with Special Task Officials: Investment & Emigration is highly interested by those who are currently employed. North America, South-East Asia, Mainland China, Europe, Australia, and North-East Asia are highly preferred to Africa. Male have stronger interest than Female. ¡]2¡^Investment & Emigration improves investment environment: As the scale of investment and capital, most prefer small/mid sizes. In this case, More Male think so than Female. ¡]3¡^Capitals on ¡§Emigration can reduce population and unemployment rate¡¨¡GAs far as ¡§using small/mid size capital to invest in big enterprises¡¨ more people from service industry show the support than those from governmental offices. ¡]4¡^Places to Invest & Emigrate on ¡§Planning Emigration & Investment Strategies and Changes of Policies¡¨¡G North America, South-East Asia, Mainland China, Europe, Australia, and North-East Asia are highly preferred. Male are more so than Female. Issue B¡GWould the perception of the important issues which cause the closure of businesses and workers to lose jobs vary due to personal characteristics? The results from Variation Analysis are¡G ¡]1¡^Providing businesses with the best investment environment: Workers with certain amount of education are preferred. Countries are crucial too. However the differences of preference among countries are insignificant. Age is an important consideration, yet the differences aren¡¦t significant. ¡]2¡^Looking to the governmental officials to reduce unemployment rate¡GNo significance ¡]3¡^Looking to the governmental officials to provide education and training¡GNo significance ¡]4¡^Providing Internal Affairs Ministry with solutions to reduce population¡G In terms of scope of investment: ¡§using small/mid size capital to invest in big enterprises¡¨, more professionals think it feasible, however¡Ano data refer to any significance among different sources. On the age issue, it is also feasible, however¡Ano data refer to any significance among different sources. ¡]5¡^¡§Organized Invest & Emigrate can promote the image of Taiwan¡¨¡GLocations are vital but no data refer to the differences among countries. Gender wise, Male has more significant response than Female. ¡]6¡^The relationship between the effective globalization of businesses and emigration policies¡¨¡GLocations are vital but no data refer to the differences among countries. Age is an important factor but no significance among various data. Profession wise: More governmental workers than in the industries. To sum up, the government ought to pass the ¡§Policies for Emigration Offices (EO)¡¨. EO then can plan ¡§ Optimal Invest & Emigrate Abroad¡¨. At the same time, with the very large scale of governmental infrastructure projects, there would be a great increase of employment opportunities. Thus, foreign labors would be reduced gradually. By the same token, the closure of businesses and unemployment rate would be reduced. The suggestions of this study are¡G 1. How to plan ¡uThe Optimum population¡vto emigrate to reduce unemployment rate. 2. How to plan ¡§Invest & Emigrate¡¨ in order to bring economic benefits to the subject countries 3. How to set up Special Task Offices in the Government for implementations. 4. How to organize strategic industry groups¡C 5. The implementation steps to realize the big project.

Thesis (M.P.A.)--Kutztown University of Pennsylvania, 1999. / Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 45-06, page: 2944. Typescript. Abstract precedes thesis as preliminary leaves. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Texas at Arlington, 2008.

Thesis (M.A.)--Ball State University, 2009. / Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on Nov. 30, 2009). Includes bibliographical references (p. 61-64).

Thesis (M.A.)--Central Connecticut State University, 2001. / Thesis advisor: Heather Munroe Prescott. " ... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in History." Includes bibliographical references (leaves 87-91).