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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
21

Genetic determinants of postmenopausal breast and endometrial cancer /

Kristjana Einarsdóttir, January 2007 (has links)
Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karolinska institutet, 2007. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.
22

Endogenous hormones in the etiology of ovarian and endometrial cancers /

Lukanova, Annekatrin, January 2004 (has links)
Diss. (sammanfattning) Umeå : Univ., 2004. / Härtill 6 uppsatser.
23

Genetic susceptibility to breast and endometrial cancer /

Wedrén, Sara, January 2004 (has links)
Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karol. inst., 2004. / Härtill 5 uppsatser.
24

Defining protein kinase C function in endometrial cancer cells /

Haughian, James M. January 2008 (has links)
Thesis (Ph.D. in Reproductive Sciences) -- University of Colorado Denver, 2008. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 150-183). Free to UCD Anschutz Medical Campus. Online version available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations;
25

Avaliação da concordância histológica entre a amostra endometrial pré-operatória e a peça uterina nos carcinomas do endométrio

Garcia, Tiago Selbach January 2015 (has links)
Base teórica: o tratamento do carcinoma endometrial é feito através do estadiamento cirúrgico, que envolve histerectomia com salpingo-oforectomia bilateral e linfadenectomia pélvica e para-aórtica. Questiona-se o benefício da linfadenectomia sistemática em todos os pacientes, já que o risco de disseminação linfática em tumores de baixo risco é pequeno e não há evidências de benefício terapêutico em sua realização. Desse modo, tentam-se encontrar modos de determinar, na avaliação pré-operatória, quais são os pacientes que poderão se beneficiar da linfadenectomia e aqueles que podem prescindir do procedimento. Objetivos: avaliar a concordância da avaliação anatomopatológica entre a amostra endometrial pré-operatória e a peça cirúrgica das pacientes submetidas a tratamento cirúrgico primário do carcinoma de endométrio, correlacionando com características das pacientes e das amostras da patologia. Métodos: foram incluídos pacientes submetidos a tratamento cirúrgico para carcinoma de endométrio que tinham diagnóstico pré-operatório através de amostragem endometrial. Os prontuários foram revisados e as amostras disponíveis na instituição foram procuradas para posterior releitura por dois patologistas cegados para as demais informações anatomopatológicas. Resultados: foram incluídos 166 pacientes, com uma idade média de 64,6 anos. Das biópsias, 118 eram tumores endometrioides, 38 não-endometrioides e as demais, hiperplasia. As taxas de concordância foram de 93,2% para tumores endometrioides e 68,9% para não-endometrioides, com um índice kappa (k) de 0,73 para o tipo histológico. O grau tumoral distribui-se na amostra como G1 em 37,1%, G2 em 35,7% e G3 em 27,1%, com uma taxa de concordância de 61,5%, 56% e 78,9%, respectivamente, e k=0,46. Dos tumores G1, somente 1,9% teve upgrade para G3, em comparação com 16% das lesões G2. Não houve diferença estatística na taxa de concordância do tipo histológico e grau tumoral em função do local de execução da biópsia, método de amostragem e intervalo biópsia-cirurgia. Biópsias com pés > 3g tiveram uma concordância do grau tumoral significativamente melhor (p=0,040). Amostras de 105 pacientes estavam disponíveis no HCPA e foram reavaliadas por dois patologistas, com uma taxa de concordância interobservador geral de 73,3% (k=0,58) para o tipo histológico e 57,9% (k=0,54) para o grau tumoral. Conclusão: a acurácia da biópsia pré-operatória em predizer as características da peça cirúrgica não é ideal. Deve-se ter cuidado ao utilizar essa informação para determinar a extensão da cirurgia a ser realizada, sob risco de ser realizado subestadiamento. Estas baixas taxas de concordância correlacionam-se também com as baixas taxas de concordância interobservador. Novos sistemas de graduação e equipes de especialistas são possibilidades para melhorar esta questão. / Background: endometrial carcinoma treatment is based on surgical staging, including hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy and pelvic and paraortic lymphadenectomy. The benefits of systematic lymphadenectomy in all patients have been questioned, since the risk of dissemination in low risk tumors is small and there is no evidence of benefits in its execution. Thereby, researches are looking for ways to determine, by preoperative evaluation, which patient will benefit from full staging and those who can do without the procedure. Objectives: evaluate the agreement between the preoperative endometrial samples and the surgical specimens in endometrial carcinoma, correlating it with characteristics of the samples and patients included, and evaluate the interobserver agreement of the preoperative biopsy. Methods: patients submitted to surgery as primary treatment for endometrial carcinoma at HCPA with a preoperative endometrial sampling were included. Their medical charts were reviewed. The available samples of the preoperative biopsies were recollected for reanalyzes by two pathologists. Inadequate transcriptions of the biopsy report were excluded. Results: we included 166 patients, with a mean age of 64.6 years. Of the biopsies, 118 were endometrioid, 38 were non-endometrioid and the remaining, hyperplasia. The agreement rates were 93.2% for endometrioid tumors and 68.9% for non-endometrioid, with a kappa index of 0.73 for the tumor cell type. The tumor FIGO grade distributed as G1 in 37.1%, G2 in 35.7% and G3 in 27.1%, with an agreement rate of 61.5%, 56% and 78.9%, respectively. The general kappa index for FIGO grading was 0.46. Of the G1 tumors, only 1.9% upgraded to G3, while 16% of the G2 lesions upgraded. There was no statistical difference in the agreement rates of tumor cell type and FIGO grading in function of place of biopsy execution, method of endometrial sampling and biopsy-surgery interval. Biopsies weighing more than 3g had a significantly better agreement in FIGO grading (p=0.040). Samples of 105 were available at HCPA and were reevaluated by 2 pathologists, with a general interobserver agreement 73.3/% (k=0.58) for tumor cell type and 57.9% (k=0.54) for grading. Conclusion: the accuracy of the preoperative biopsy in predicting the definite surgical characteristics it is not ideal. Caution must be taken when using this information to determine the surgical extension, due to the risk of under staging. These low rates of agreement are correlated with the low interobserver agreement. New grading systems and specialists teams are possible ways of improving this issue.
26

Estudo da via Wnt no endométrio normal e no câncer de endométrio, em mulheres após a menopausa / The role of Wnt pathway in the normal endometrium and in the endometrial cancer the post menopause women

Menezes, Marina de Pádua Nogueira [UNIFESP] 29 June 2011 (has links) (PDF)
Made available in DSpace on 2015-07-22T20:50:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-06-29. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2015-08-11T03:26:07Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 Publico-12659.pdf: 1883382 bytes, checksum: 33bb0f719078a000b15563f9e2debf90 (MD5) / A familia de genes Wnt esta envolvida na carcinogenese de diversos tecidos e na embriogenese. Para avaliar as vias Wnt canonica e nao-canonica no endometrio atrofico e no cancer de endometrio, avaliamos a expressao imuno-histoquimica do Wnt1, Frizzled-1 (FZD1), Wnt5a, Frizzled-5 (FZD5) e ƒÀ-catenina. O tecido endometrial foi retirado de pecas cirurgicas de pacientes operadas entre 1995 e 2005 na Escola Paulista de Medicina . UNIFESP e foram divididas em dois grupos: grupo A, endometrio atrofico (n=15) e grupo B, adenocarcinoma de endometrio (n=45). A imunorreacao do Wnt1, FZD1, Wnt5a, FZD5 and ƒÀ-catenina foi analisada em escores em cada grupo, individualmente. A expressao do Wnt1, FZD1 e Wnt5a nao teve associacao significante entre os grupos. Associacao significante foi observada entre os grupos para a expressao do FZD5 (p = 0,001). A proporcao do FZD5 positivo foi significativamente maior no grupo A (80,0%) comparado ao grupo B (31,1%). Analisando a curva de sobrevida para o FZD5 no grupo B, nao encontramos associacao significante entre as mulheres positivas e negativas. A expressao da scatenina nao foi significante, sendo a expressao para os grupos A e B 100% e 95.6%, respectivamente (p = 1,000). FZD5 tem menor expressao no adenocarcinoma de endometrio tipo I quando comparado ao endometrio atrofico. / The Wnt family is involved in tumorigenesis of several tissues as well in embriogenesis. In order to analize the canonical and noncanonical Wnt pathway in atrophic endometrium and endometrial adenocarcinoma, we evaluated the immunohistochemical expression of Wnt1, Frizzled-1 (FZD1), Wnt5a, Frizzled-5 (FZD5) and ƒÀ-catenin. Endometrial specimens were obtained from surgeries performed between 1995 and 2005 and the patients were divided in two groups: Group A, atrophic endometrium (N = 15); Group B, endometrial adenocarcinoma (N = 45). Immunoreactivity for Wnt1, FZD1, Wnt5a, FZD5 and ƒÀ-catenin was scored for each group. For the expression of Wnt1, FZD1 and Wnt5a, no significant association was observed between the groups. A significant association was observed between the groups for the FZD5 expression (p = 0.001). The proportion of FZD5 positive women was significantly higher for group A (80.0%) compared to group B (31.1%). Regarding the survival curve for FZD5 at group B, we found no significant association between positive and negative women. No significant association was observed between s-catenin expression and the patient group since the expression for groups A and B were 100% and 95.6%, respectively (p = 1.000). FZD5 is downregulated in type I endometrial adenocarcinoma when compared to atrophic endometrium. / TEDE / BV UNIFESP: Teses e dissertações
27

Avaliação da concordância histológica entre a amostra endometrial pré-operatória e a peça uterina nos carcinomas do endométrio

Garcia, Tiago Selbach January 2015 (has links)
Base teórica: o tratamento do carcinoma endometrial é feito através do estadiamento cirúrgico, que envolve histerectomia com salpingo-oforectomia bilateral e linfadenectomia pélvica e para-aórtica. Questiona-se o benefício da linfadenectomia sistemática em todos os pacientes, já que o risco de disseminação linfática em tumores de baixo risco é pequeno e não há evidências de benefício terapêutico em sua realização. Desse modo, tentam-se encontrar modos de determinar, na avaliação pré-operatória, quais são os pacientes que poderão se beneficiar da linfadenectomia e aqueles que podem prescindir do procedimento. Objetivos: avaliar a concordância da avaliação anatomopatológica entre a amostra endometrial pré-operatória e a peça cirúrgica das pacientes submetidas a tratamento cirúrgico primário do carcinoma de endométrio, correlacionando com características das pacientes e das amostras da patologia. Métodos: foram incluídos pacientes submetidos a tratamento cirúrgico para carcinoma de endométrio que tinham diagnóstico pré-operatório através de amostragem endometrial. Os prontuários foram revisados e as amostras disponíveis na instituição foram procuradas para posterior releitura por dois patologistas cegados para as demais informações anatomopatológicas. Resultados: foram incluídos 166 pacientes, com uma idade média de 64,6 anos. Das biópsias, 118 eram tumores endometrioides, 38 não-endometrioides e as demais, hiperplasia. As taxas de concordância foram de 93,2% para tumores endometrioides e 68,9% para não-endometrioides, com um índice kappa (k) de 0,73 para o tipo histológico. O grau tumoral distribui-se na amostra como G1 em 37,1%, G2 em 35,7% e G3 em 27,1%, com uma taxa de concordância de 61,5%, 56% e 78,9%, respectivamente, e k=0,46. Dos tumores G1, somente 1,9% teve upgrade para G3, em comparação com 16% das lesões G2. Não houve diferença estatística na taxa de concordância do tipo histológico e grau tumoral em função do local de execução da biópsia, método de amostragem e intervalo biópsia-cirurgia. Biópsias com pés > 3g tiveram uma concordância do grau tumoral significativamente melhor (p=0,040). Amostras de 105 pacientes estavam disponíveis no HCPA e foram reavaliadas por dois patologistas, com uma taxa de concordância interobservador geral de 73,3% (k=0,58) para o tipo histológico e 57,9% (k=0,54) para o grau tumoral. Conclusão: a acurácia da biópsia pré-operatória em predizer as características da peça cirúrgica não é ideal. Deve-se ter cuidado ao utilizar essa informação para determinar a extensão da cirurgia a ser realizada, sob risco de ser realizado subestadiamento. Estas baixas taxas de concordância correlacionam-se também com as baixas taxas de concordância interobservador. Novos sistemas de graduação e equipes de especialistas são possibilidades para melhorar esta questão. / Background: endometrial carcinoma treatment is based on surgical staging, including hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy and pelvic and paraortic lymphadenectomy. The benefits of systematic lymphadenectomy in all patients have been questioned, since the risk of dissemination in low risk tumors is small and there is no evidence of benefits in its execution. Thereby, researches are looking for ways to determine, by preoperative evaluation, which patient will benefit from full staging and those who can do without the procedure. Objectives: evaluate the agreement between the preoperative endometrial samples and the surgical specimens in endometrial carcinoma, correlating it with characteristics of the samples and patients included, and evaluate the interobserver agreement of the preoperative biopsy. Methods: patients submitted to surgery as primary treatment for endometrial carcinoma at HCPA with a preoperative endometrial sampling were included. Their medical charts were reviewed. The available samples of the preoperative biopsies were recollected for reanalyzes by two pathologists. Inadequate transcriptions of the biopsy report were excluded. Results: we included 166 patients, with a mean age of 64.6 years. Of the biopsies, 118 were endometrioid, 38 were non-endometrioid and the remaining, hyperplasia. The agreement rates were 93.2% for endometrioid tumors and 68.9% for non-endometrioid, with a kappa index of 0.73 for the tumor cell type. The tumor FIGO grade distributed as G1 in 37.1%, G2 in 35.7% and G3 in 27.1%, with an agreement rate of 61.5%, 56% and 78.9%, respectively. The general kappa index for FIGO grading was 0.46. Of the G1 tumors, only 1.9% upgraded to G3, while 16% of the G2 lesions upgraded. There was no statistical difference in the agreement rates of tumor cell type and FIGO grading in function of place of biopsy execution, method of endometrial sampling and biopsy-surgery interval. Biopsies weighing more than 3g had a significantly better agreement in FIGO grading (p=0.040). Samples of 105 were available at HCPA and were reevaluated by 2 pathologists, with a general interobserver agreement 73.3/% (k=0.58) for tumor cell type and 57.9% (k=0.54) for grading. Conclusion: the accuracy of the preoperative biopsy in predicting the definite surgical characteristics it is not ideal. Caution must be taken when using this information to determine the surgical extension, due to the risk of under staging. These low rates of agreement are correlated with the low interobserver agreement. New grading systems and specialists teams are possible ways of improving this issue.
28

Incidence of gynaecological cancers and overall and cause specific mortality of grand multiparous women in Finland

Hinkula, M. (Marianne) 21 February 2006 (has links)
Abstract The aim of this population-based cohort study was to evaluate the incidence and relative risk ratios of gynaecological cancers and the mortality of women with at least five children (GM women) compared to the average of Finnish women. We linked together the data of the Population Register (1974–1997), the Finnish Cancer Registry and the national cause-of death files of Statistics Finland (1974–2001) by using a personal identification code. The study population consisted of 86 978 GM women (1974–1997), including 3 752 women with at least 10 children (GGM women). Altogether 7 604 cancer diagnoses and 18 870 deaths were recorded. The incidence (SIR) of breast (0.55, 95% CI 0.52–0.58), endometrial (0.57, 95% CI 0.52–0.63) and ovarian cancer (0.64, 95% CI 0.55–0.73) decreased, and that of cervical cancer (1.13, 95% CI 0.98–1.29) increased in GM women. In multivariate analysis, the increase in parity from five to eight increased the protection against breast and endometrial cancer, but not in ovarian or cervical cancer. A young age at first birth decreased the breast cancer risk, while an older age at first birth decreased the risk for endometrial and cervical cancer. A short premenopausal delivery-free period and a long birth period were risk reducers in women who contracted endometrial cancer after menopause. The mortality (SMR) of breast (0.64, 95% CI 0.59–0.69), endometrial (0.68, 95% CI 0.56–0.80), ovarian cancer (0.68, 95% CI 0.60–0.75) as well as for dementia (0.80, 95% CI 0.72–0.84) decreased. The SMR of kidney (1.38, 95% CI 1.21–1.56) cancer increased in the GM group. The SMR of ischemic heart diseases (1.10, 95% CI 1.08–1.13) and diabetes mellitus (1.42, 95% CI 1.29–1.55) increased. The overall SMR of GM women was 5% less than expected (95% CI 0.94–0.95; deficit 949 deaths), but among GGM women it coincided with the national average (1.01, 95% CI 0.93–1.08). Multiparity affected the spectrum of diseases and causes of death in a specific way: the pregnancy-specific hormonal milieu is responsible for the low SIR and SMR of hormone-dependent cancers, and increased body weight is lightly responsible for the high SMR of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. These observations advocate for delivering the first child at an age younger than 30 years and to start measures for careful weight control not only during and after pregnancies but even later and permanently.
29

Prevalencia e fatores associados a polipos endometriais pre-malignos e malignos em mulheres na pre e pos-menopausa

Antunes Junior, Armando, 1961- 13 December 2006 (has links)
Orientador: Lucia Helena Simões da Costa Paiva / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-08T02:35:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AntunesJunior_Armando_M.pdf: 830742 bytes, checksum: 720d4a80c57839204e1deb9d91aa059e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Resumo: Os pólipos endometriais são achados freqüentes em mulheres na pós-menopausa e têm sido associados a lesões precursoras e neoplasia endometrial. Entretanto seu potencial de malignidade ainda está pouco esclarecido. Devido à alta prevalência dos pólipos uterinos na pós-menopausa e possível potencial de malignidade, torna-se importante a sua detecção e remoção. Objetivo: Avaliar a prevalência de lesões precursoras e malignas endometriais e associação com estado menopausal, uso de terapia hormonal e características clinicas em mulheres na pré e pós-menopausa submetidas à ressecção histeroscópica de pólipos endometriais. Sujeitos e métodos: Realizou-se um estudo de corte transversal através da identificação em base de dados de cirurgias histeroscópicas onde foram selecionadas as mulheres na pré e pós-menopausa submetidas à ressecção histeroscópica de pólipos endometriais no CAISM/Unicamp, no período de janeiro de 1998 a dezembro de 2005. Foram incluídas 475 mulheres com idade acima de 40 anos que apresentassem diagnóstico histológico do pólipo endometrial ressecado. Foram avaliadas as características clínicas como presença de hipertensão arterial, diabetes, obesidade, uso de terapia hormonal, tamoxifeno, achados histeroscópicos e diagnóstico histológico dos pólipos ressecados.A análise estatística foi realizada através de freqüência, médias e desvio padrão. Para avaliar os fatores associados à pré-malignidade ou malignidade utilizou-se a razão de prevalência. Resultados: A média etária das mulheres foi de 58,5 anos (DP±10) e 77,3% estavam na pós-menopausa. A maioria das mulheres apresentava lesões endometriais benignas, sendo 78,53% pólipos endometriais e 13,47% pólipos com hiperplasia endometrial simples ou complexa. Pólipos com hiperplasias endometriais associados a atipias estiveram presentes em 1,05% e 2,74% apresentaram carcinoma endometrial no pólipo ressecado. A análise através da razão de prevalência mostrou que a maior prevalência de lesões pré-malignas e malignas estiveram associadas à idade e ao sangramento pós-menopausa. Mulheres com mais de 60 anos apresentaram uma razão de prevalência de 5,31 (IC95%1,22-23,09) e com sangramento na pós-menopausa uma razão de prevalência de 3,71 (IC 95% 1,21-11,34). A hipertensão arterial, diabetes mellitus, obesidade, uso de terapia hormonal ou tamoxifen não mostraram associação significativa com pré-malignidade ou malignidade. Conclusões: Os pólipos endometriais apresentam uma baixa prevalência de lesões pré-malignas e malignas. Mulheres com idade avançada e sangramento na pós-menopausa apresentam maior risco de malignidade e devem ser submetidas à ressecção histeroscópica de pólipos endometriais / Abstract: Endometrial polyps are frequent findings in postmenopausal women and have been associated with precursor lesions and endometrial neoplasia. Nevertheless, their potential for malignancy is yet to be fully clarified. Due to their high prevalence in the postmenopause and their possible potential for malignancy, detection and removal of uterine polyps is an important issue. Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of precursor and malignant endometrial lesions and their association with menopausal status, the use of hormone therapy and the clinical characteristics of pre- and postmenopausal women submitted to hysteroscopic resection of endometrial polyps between January 1998 and December 2005 at CAISM/UNICAMP. Methods: A total of 475 women over 40 years of age with histological diagnosis of a resected endometrial polyp, were included in the study. Their clinical characteristics, such as presence of arterial hypertension, diabetes, obesity, use of hormone therapy or tamoxifen, hysteroscopic findings and histological diagnosis of the resected polyps, were evaluated. Statistical analysis was carried out using frequency, means and standard deviations. Prevalence ratios were used to evaluate factors associated with premalignancy or malignancy. Results: The mean age of women in this study was 58.5 ± 10 years (mean ± SD), and 77.3% were postmenopausal. The majority of women had benign endometrial lesions, 78.53% of which were endometrial polyps and 13.47% polyps with simple or complex endometrial hyperplasia. Polyps with endometrial hyperplasia associated with atypia were found in 1.05% of women, while endometrial carcinoma was found in the resected polyp in 2.74% of cases. Analysis of prevalence ratios detected a greater prevalence of premalignant and malignant lesions associated with age and postmenopausal bleeding. Women over 60 years of age had a prevalence ratio of 5.31 (95%CI:1.22-23.09), while those with postmenopausal bleeding had a prevalence ratio of 3.71 (95%CI:1.21-11.34). No significant association was found between arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, obesity, use of hormone therapy or tamoxifen and premalignancy or malignancy. Conclusions: There is a low prevalence of premalignant and malignant lesions in endometrial polyps; however, there is a greater risk of malignancy in elderly women and those with postmenopausal bleeding, and these patients should be submitted to hysteroscopic resection of endometrial polyps / Mestrado / Tocoginecologia / Mestre em Tocoginecologia
30

Extrahepatic cytochrome P450s : relation to cancer susceptibility /

Rylander Rudqvist, Tove, January 2003 (has links)
Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karol. inst., 2003. / Härtill 5 uppsatser.

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