Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / Endosseous implants have been accepted as a viable dental and medical adjunct and are now used for multiple dental applications. The majority are placed in patients of relatively advanced age, and, as such, the increased use of implants has raised questions in the areas of bone healing and metabolism associated with their placement. This study evaluated the mechanical and histological aspects of the bone/metal interface of endosseous titanium implants in compact and trabecular bone. Two implants were placed: one in the distal metaphysis (M) and one 2.0 cm proximal in the diaphysis (D). Right side limbs were subjected to a sham surgery and served as controls. The rabbits were sacrificed at six, 12, and 24 weeks healing time. Multiple fluorochrome labels were given to mark sites of bone formation. At sacrifice, all implants were tested for interface torque strength. Microradiography and fluorescent light microscopy were used to determine percent volume of bone and marrow space, bone/implant interface characteristics, percent labeled bone surface area, and percent labeled bone volume. D implants required about 20 percent more torque to mechanically disrupt the bone/implant interface than M implants. Values were M (combined groups) 33.4 N-cm ±15.5 N-cm, and D (combined groups) 41.5 N-cm ±16.0 N-cm (Mean ±SD, n = 8, p<.07). The percent of bone in direct contact with the implant surface appeared to increase only slightly with time. Direct contact occurred on 11.2%, 9.5% ±8.5% and 13.9% ±6.6% of the M implant surface in six, 12, and 24 week specimens, respectively. Direct contact occured on 11.7%, 10.2% ±2.4% and 19.5% ±0.35% of the D implant surface in six, 12, and 24 week specimens, respectively. Total bone volume in implanted D specimens was less [Exp.= 91.1% ± 3.1%, Cont. = 95.5% ± 0.73% (Mean ±SD)] and marrow space volume was greater [Exp. = 8.9% ±3.02%, Cont. = 4.6% ±0.73% (Mean ±SD)] than in controls (p<.02). The percent labeled bone volume was greater in the implanted specimens than in their controls (p<.001). This difference decreased over time. Implanted D specimens also showed significantly more (p<.001) labeled bone surface area than controls. These findings suggest that when implants are placed in elderly subjects, normally inactive bone becomes very active. Also, it seems that bone quality, not quantity, determines interface strength.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Indiana University School of Dentistry, 1999. / eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Indiana University School of Dentistry, 1999. / eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.

<p><span style="font-size: 8pt / " text-align:="" font-family:="" color:="">The edentulous jaw is a common feature in elderly patients that had lost their teeth during life due to local reasons such as poor oral hygiene and dental caries as well as periodontal disease. Hence these patients are the victims of biological phenomenona that lead to difficulties in different aspects of patient comfort with dentures. Clinicians are always concerned to minimize these difficulties and increase patient comfort through manufacturing a proper prosthesis to substitute for the loss of the natural teeth as well as the surrounding structures for optimum satisfaction and improved quality of life of the patient. The aim of this study was to evaluate patient satisfaction regarding function and aesthetics with conventional mandibular dentures and implant retained mandibular overdentures in denture wearers.</span></p>

Objetivos: este estudo se propôs avaliar a correlação entre atividade do músculo masseter e alteração óssea mandibular, posterior ao último implante, um ano após a reabilitação com próteses implantossuportadas, em pacientes com fissura labiopalatina já reparada. Material e Método: As alterações dimensionais ósseas foram medidas em radiografias panorâmicas digitalizadas realizadas antes e um ano após a reabilitação de dezessete pacientes. A eletromiografia dos músculos masseteres foi realizada durante a contração voluntária isométrica máxima (CVIM) por 5s, mastigação habitual de cenoura (MH), mastigação unilateral direita (MUD) e esquerda (MUE) de látex. Resultados: ocorreu aumento ósseo significativo na mandíbula de 1,98mm (p<0,001) para o tipo de prótese inferior overdenture implantossuportada. O lado direito é maior que o esquerdo em 0,9mm. Um significante aumento da amplitude para a MH (9V) e para a MUE (19V) foi observado, independente do tipo de prótese. Um aumento significante para a MUE (19V) foi observado para a prótese overdenture. Ocorreu um aumento estatisticamente significante para o ato mastigatório durante os três tipos de mastigação (MH=0,13s, MUD=0,06s, MUE=0,12s), independente do tipo de prótese. Para o ciclo mastigatório também foi observado aumento estatisticamente significante, independente do tipo de prótese durante a MH (0,12s) e MUE (0,11s). Conclusão: Ocorreu aposição óssea na região posterior da mandíbula para a prótese overdenture e apesar do aumento da atividade muscular, não foi encontrada correlação estatisticamente significante com a atividade muscular do masseter. / Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the correlation between masseter muscle activity and changes occurred in mandibular bone height, posterior to the last implant, one year after implant-supported prosthesis rehabilitation in repared cleft lip and palate patients. Materials and Methods: changes in mandibular bone height were measured in digitalized images of panoramic radiographies taken before and one year after oral rehabilitation of seventeen repared cleft lip and palate patients (Radiocef 2 Radiomemory). Parameters for electromyography of masseter muscle were: maximum voluntary isometric clench (MVC) for 5s, habitual chewing of carrots (HC) and unilateral right (URL) and left (ULL) chewing of latex. Results: a mean increase in mandibular bone height of 1,98mm (p<0,001) for the implant retained overdenture was observed. Bone apposition was higher in the right side. Significant increase in the amplitude was observed during HC (9V) and during ULL (19 V), regardless prosthesis type and side. A significant increase was observed during URL (19 V) for the implant retained overdenture. A significant statistical increase for the masticatory act was observed during the three types of mastication (HC=0,13s, URL=0,06s, ULL=0,12s), regardless prosthesis types. A significant statistical increase was observed for the masticatory cycle during HC (0,12s) and ULL (0,11s), regardless prosthesis type. Conclusion: Mandibular bone apposition in the posterior region to the last implant, in patients using implant retained overdentures and improvement in muscular activity in both types of prosthesis were observed, although no significant correlations were encountered between them.

As pesquisas relacionadas ao vírus da imunodeficiência adquirida (HIV) e a síndrome da imunodeficiência adquirida (AIDS) visam encontrar formas de proporcionar melhor qualidade de vida e, se possível, o controle e remissão do vírus. Com a expectativa de vida aumentada, em decorrência do uso dos anti-retrovirais (ARV), aumenta também a necessidade de investir em tratamentos reabilitadores eficazes. Os implantes osseointegrados constituem uma alternativa na execução da reabilitação oral de pacientes que perderam dentes. 17 pacientes soropositivos para o HIV e 10 pacientes normorreativos participaram do projeto e foram reabilitados com 36 implantes osseointegrados e foram acompanhados por 12 meses. Os pacientes soropositivos para o HIV apresentaram resposta clínica ao tratamento semelhante aos pacientes normorreativos. Nenhum implante foi perdido durante o período de proservação. / Studies related to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) propose to find better ways to improve the quality of life and, if possible, control and remission of the disease. As the life expectancy of HIV-positive individuals increase, esthetic and more functional treatments become more significant, and implants-supported prostheses should be considered. Seventeen HIV-positive patients and ten HIV-negative patients participated in this project and received 36 endosseous oral implants. These implants were followed for 12 months and all HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients showed the same clinical response. All the implants are fully integrated without any single loss.

As pesquisas relacionadas ao vírus da imunodeficiência adquirida (HIV) e a síndrome da imunodeficiência adquirida (AIDS) visam encontrar formas de proporcionar melhor qualidade de vida e, se possível, o controle e remissão do vírus. Com a expectativa de vida aumentada, em decorrência do uso dos anti-retrovirais (ARV), aumenta também a necessidade de investir em tratamentos reabilitadores eficazes. Os implantes osseointegrados constituem uma alternativa na execução da reabilitação oral de pacientes que perderam dentes. 17 pacientes soropositivos para o HIV e 10 pacientes normorreativos participaram do projeto e foram reabilitados com 36 implantes osseointegrados e foram acompanhados por 12 meses. Os pacientes soropositivos para o HIV apresentaram resposta clínica ao tratamento semelhante aos pacientes normorreativos. Nenhum implante foi perdido durante o período de proservação. / Studies related to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) propose to find better ways to improve the quality of life and, if possible, control and remission of the disease. As the life expectancy of HIV-positive individuals increase, esthetic and more functional treatments become more significant, and implants-supported prostheses should be considered. Seventeen HIV-positive patients and ten HIV-negative patients participated in this project and received 36 endosseous oral implants. These implants were followed for 12 months and all HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients showed the same clinical response. All the implants are fully integrated without any single loss.

<p><span style="font-size: 8pt / " text-align:="" font-family:="" color:="">The edentulous jaw is a common feature in elderly patients that had lost their teeth during life due to local reasons such as poor oral hygiene and dental caries as well as periodontal disease. Hence these patients are the victims of biological phenomenona that lead to difficulties in different aspects of patient comfort with dentures. Clinicians are always concerned to minimize these difficulties and increase patient comfort through manufacturing a proper prosthesis to substitute for the loss of the natural teeth as well as the surrounding structures for optimum satisfaction and improved quality of life of the patient. The aim of this study was to evaluate patient satisfaction regarding function and aesthetics with conventional mandibular dentures and implant retained mandibular overdentures in denture wearers.</span></p>

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1988.

Thesis (doctoral)--Lunds Universitet, Malmö, 1998. / Added t.p. and errata sheet inserted. Includes bibliographical references.