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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Terapia nutricional enteral intermitente : interrupção diurna ou noturna? : estudo clínico randomizado

Pegoraro, Vanessa Alvarenga 18 July 2014 (has links)
Submitted by Simone Souza (simonecgsouza@hotmail.com) on 2017-09-25T13:35:26Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISS_2014_Vanessa Alvarenga Pegoraro.pdf: 1921327 bytes, checksum: dcf3ca8d3afb38e3634a7d5402c157e0 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Jordan (jordanbiblio@gmail.com) on 2017-09-26T14:29:05Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DISS_2014_Vanessa Alvarenga Pegoraro.pdf: 1921327 bytes, checksum: dcf3ca8d3afb38e3634a7d5402c157e0 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-26T14:29:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DISS_2014_Vanessa Alvarenga Pegoraro.pdf: 1921327 bytes, checksum: dcf3ca8d3afb38e3634a7d5402c157e0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-07-18 / Introdução: Independente da administração continua ou intermitente, nas Unidades de Terapia Intensiva (UTI)geralmente o paciente recebe as suas necessidades nutricionais calculadas para a terapia nutricional enteral (TNE) em volume inferior ao programado, comprometendo sua recuperação. Assim, a interrupção programada da TNE em turno de realização das atividades de rotina diária dessas unidades, pode contribuir para diminuir este déficit. Objetivos:Avaliar em que período, diurno ou noturno, a interrupção na administração da terapia nutricional enteral no paciente crítico é mais eficaz para garantir as necessidades calculadas. Métodos:Estudo clínico, prospectivo, randomizado de abordagem quantitativa, em pacientes críticos internados em uma UTI Geral. Foram incluídos pacientes com idade maior que 18 anos, em uso de TNE exclusiva, observados nos primeiros cinco dias de dieta. Os pacientes no ato da indicação da TNE foram randomizados em dois grupos: Grupo I (18 horas de infusão de TNE – interrupção de 6h no período de 8h as 14h), e Grupo II (18 horas de infusão de TNE - com interrupção de 6h no período de 2h as 8h). Foram comparadas entre os grupos as seguintes variáveis: sexo, idade, Apache II, ASG, peso, necessidades calóricas, proteicas, volumes de dieta prescritos e infundidos. As variáveis quantitativas foram representadas por médias e desvio padrão. A normalidade dos dados pelo teste de Kolmogorov-Smirnov e sua homogeneidade pelo teste de Levene. A análise de dados foi realizada através do teste de análise de variância (ANOVA) e teste Post Hoc de Tukey. Para variáveis categóricas, o teste de qui-quadrado de Mantel-Haenszel ou Teste Exato de Fisher. Foi utilizado o programa SPSS versão 18.0 (α= 5%). Resultados: Os dados demográficos avaliados foram semelhantes entre os dois grupos. A avaliação de gravidade usando o APACHE II evidenciou grupos semelhantes (p=0,168). Na avaliação nutricional pela ASG, nenhum paciente dos dois grupos foi ASG- A, ASG-B 66,7% no grupo I e 86,7 % no grupo II, ASG-C 33,3 % e 13,3%, respectivamente, no grupos I e II (p=0,389). Peso médio idênticos em ambos os grupos (p=0,978). Comparando o volume infundido >60 % entre os grupos, no grupo I a infusão de dieta foi de 66,7 % versus 53,3%, no grupo II (p=0,463). E quanto ao alcance das metas de NC até o 3º dia de infusão, o grupo I obteve 13,3 % comparado ao grupo II com 6,7 % (p=0,549). E o alcance da NP no mesmo período, foi no grupo I comparado ao grupo II (20,0% versus 6,7%, p=0,290). Conclusão: Baseado nos resultados, podemos concluir que as necessidades de terapia nutricional enteral calculadas no paciente crítico são atingidas de forma semelhante tanto para interrupção diurna quanto noturna. / Introduction: Regardless of continuous or intermittent administration in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) patients usually receive their nutritional requirements calculated for enteral nutrition therapy (ENT) in less than planned volume, hindering their recovery. Thus, the interruption of scheduled shift ENT in performing daily routine activities of these units can contribute to reduce this deficit. Objectives: To assess the period, day or night, the interruption in the administration of enteral nutritional therapy in critically ill patients is more effective to ensure the calculated requirements. Methods: clinical, prospective , randomized study of quantitative approach in critically ill patients hospitalized to a general ICU . Patients over 18 years old were included in the exclusive use of ENT, observed in the first five days of diet. Patients in the act of nomination of ENT were randomized into two groups: Group I (18 hours ENT infusion – break of 6 hours in the period of 8 a.m. to 2 p.m.) and Group II (18 hours ENT infusion - break of 6 hours in the period of 2 a.m. to 8 a.m.). Among the groups the following variables were compared: sex, age, Apache II, ASG, weight, calorie needs, protein, diet prescribed volumes and infused. The quantitative variables were represented by medium-sized and standard deviation. The normality of the data by the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and its homogeneity by Levene's test. Data analysis was performed by testing analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey test Post Hoc. For categorical variables, the Chi-square test of Mantel-Haenszel or Fisher's Exact Test. We used the program SPSS version 18.0 (α = 5%). Results: the demographics data assessed were similar between the two groups. The assessment of severity using APACHE II showed similar groups (p = 0.168). In nutritional evaluation by ASG, none of the patients of both groups was ASG-A, ASG-B, 66.7% in Group I and 86.7% in Group II, ASG-C 33.3% and 13.3%, respectively, in groups I and II (p = 0.389). There were average weight identical in both groups (p = 0.978). Comparing the volume infused > 60% between the groups, in the Group I the infusion of diet was 66.7% versus 53.3% in Group II (p = 0.463). And, as for achieving the goals of NC until the 3rd day of infusion, group I obtained 13.3% compared with 6.7% in Group II (p = 0.549). And, the achieving of the NP in the same period, was in Group I compared to group II (20.0% vs. 6.7%, p = 0.290). Conclusion: Based on the results, we can conclude that the needs of enteral nutrition therapy calculated in critical patient are affected in a similar manner for both daytime and nighttime interruption.
2

Energetická náročnost přípravy teplé vody / Energy Performance of Domestic Hot Water Preparation

Helánová, Blanka January 2013 (has links)
Master’s thesis on Energy performance of domestic hot water preparation is concerned with calculating and comparing the energy performance of domestic hot water preparation in two-generation family house with an administrative part. Energy performance of domestic hot water preparation is calculated by two calculation methods and by experimental measurements, which are compared at the end of the thesis. The calculation is performed according to standard ČSN 06 0320 and set of standards ČSN EN 15316-3. Thesis is processed in accordance with valid legislative regulations.

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