Submitted by Caroline Xavier (caroline.xavier@pucrs.br) on 2017-06-30T14:39:33Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TES_MARIANA_ROENNAU_LEMOS_RINALDI_COMPLETO.pdf: 2232512 bytes, checksum: 72ea5572f7e50b32cdf95dc1dbfe7366 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Caroline Xavier (caroline.xavier@pucrs.br) on 2017-06-30T14:39:42Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TES_MARIANA_ROENNAU_LEMOS_RINALDI_COMPLETO.pdf: 2232512 bytes, checksum: 72ea5572f7e50b32cdf95dc1dbfe7366 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-30T14:39:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TES_MARIANA_ROENNAU_LEMOS_RINALDI_COMPLETO.pdf: 2232512 bytes, checksum: 72ea5572f7e50b32cdf95dc1dbfe7366 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-01-19 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico - CNPq / Soldered appliances are widely used in orthodontics and pediatric dentistry. The cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of silver solder and laser welding has already been tested in dentistry. However, little is known about the Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) welding technique, which uses an electric arc between an electrode and the part to be welded. The aims of this study were to evaluate the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of silver soldered (silver soldered bands - SSB), laser welded (laser welded bands - LWB), TIG welded (TIG welded bands ? TWB) joints and no soldered/welded bands (NS /WB) in vitro and in vivo. For that, MTT reduction assay was performed in HGF, HaCat, Vero and MRC-5 cell lines. The genotoxicity of the metallic eluates of the joints was determined by comet assay in HGF cells after 3-h treatment. The quantification of Ni, Fe, Cr, Cu, Ag, Zn Cd and Sn in the metallic eluates was performed with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Cu, Zn and Ag were the most detected ions in SSB medium samples, and Fe, Cr and Ni in the samples of LWB and TWB. The SSB group induced strong cytotoxicity in all cell lines. NS/WB, LWB and TWB presented a weak cytotoxic induction. In comet assay, SSB group showed a higher damage index and more comets with damage class 3 and 4, compared to the other groups. In the in vivo study, the genotoxic effects on the buccal mucosa cells of children with lingual arches containing silver soldered joints, laser welded joints and without any appliance were accessed by buccal comet assay (BCA) and the buccal micronucleus cytome (BMCyt) assay. The urinary levels of Ni, Cr, Fe, Zn, Cu, Ag, Cd and Sn were investigated through urine samples analyzed by ICP-MS. The results of the study indicate that silver solder and laser welding did not cause genotoxicity in buccal mucosa cell during the period evaluated. The changes of the ions in the urinary contents cannot only be attributed to the appliances. TIG welding may be a promising technique to be applied in orthodontics and deserve be further investigated, as it presented in the in vitro and in vivo tests a low cytotoxic and genotoxic potential. / Aparelhos soldados s?o utilizados amplamente em Ortodontia e Odontopediatria. A citotoxicidade e a genotoxicidade da solda a prata e da soldagem a laser j? foram testadas em Odontologia. No entanto, pouco se sabe sobre a t?cnica de soldagem Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG), que utiliza um arco el?trico entre um eletrodo e a pe?a a ser soldada. Os objetivos deste estudo foram avaliar a citotoxicidade e a genotoxicidade de uni?es soldadas a prata (silver soldered band - SSB), soldadas a laser (laser welded band - LWB), soldadas a TIG (TIG welded band ? TWB) e de an?is n?o soldados (no soldered or welded bands ? NS / WB) in vitro e in vivo. Para isso, o ensaio de redu??o de MTT foi realizado nas linhagens celulares HGF, HaCat, Vero e MRC-5. A genotoxicidade dos eluatos met?licos das ?reas soldadas foi determinada atrav?s do ensaio de cometas em c?lulas HGF ap?s tratamento de 3 horas. A quantifica??o de Ni, Fe, Cr, Cu, Ag, Zn, Cd e Sn nos elu?dos met?licos foi realizada com espectrometria de massa por plasma indutivamente acoplado (ICP-MS). Cu, Zn e Ag foram os ?ons mais detectados nas amostras de meio de bandas soldadas a prata, e Fe, Cr e Ni, nas amostras soldadas a laser e nas soldadas a TIG. O grupo SSB induziu forte citotoxicidade em todas as linhagens celulares. NS / WB, LWB e TWB apresentaram indu??o citot?xica fraca. No ensaio Cometa, o grupo SSB apresentou maior ?ndice de danos e mais cometas com classes de dano 3 e 4, em rela??o aos outros grupos. As uni?es soldadas a TIG, bem como uni?es soldadas a laser mostraram melhor biocompatibilidade. No estudo in vivo, genotoxicidade sobre as c?lulas da mucosa bucal dessas crian?as com arcos linguais contendo uni?es soldadas a prata, uni?es soldadas a laser, e sem qualquer aparelho foram avaliadas pelo ensaio de cometa bucal (BCA) e pelo ensaio de citometria bucal do micron?cleo (BMCyt). Os n?veis urin?rios de Ni, Cr, Fe, Zn, Cu, Ag, Cd e Sn foram investigados atrav?s de amostras de urina analisadas por ICP-MS. Os resultados do estudo indicam que a solda a prata e a soldagem a laser n?o causaram genotoxicidade na mucosa bucal durante o per?odo avaliado. As altera??es dos ?ons no conte?do urin?rio n?o puderam ser unicamente atribu?das aos aparelhos. A soldagem TIG parece ser t?cnica promissora a ser aplicada em ortodontia e merece ser mais investigada, uma vez que apresentou nos testes in vitro e in vivo um baixo potencial citot?xico e genot?xico.