Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T16:58:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 William Kfouri.pdf: 2265518 bytes, checksum: 106af3f510811055cac51db46adca127 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-05-12 / Secretaria da Educação do Estado de São Paulo / This study aims at investigating whether Mathematical Modeling would be a viable way to the teaching and learning of mathematics in Basic Education, suggesting it as other possibility to address the contents of this matter. For that, a mini-course on this subject was implemented, for high school teachers, with the objective of influencing their teaching practice, in addition to disclosing, explaining and showing what is the teaching of mathematics through Modeling and the innovative ideas to create another learning environment. We also examine the connection and receptivity on the part of teachers, making them concerned with the implementation of Mathematics Modeling as part of the process of teaching / learning and advising on this strategy alternative. From real situations, of their daily lives and practices, this mini-course showed to the teachers the importance of mathematics to human knowledge and to understand the environment where they live We present some ways that the modeling can provide to make mathematics in the classroom different and attractive to their students. We also, would like to remove the stigma that mathematics is considered difficult by many, uninteresting by others and even inaccessible to most. We described in this work, the meetings and experiences developed with fiftyfive teachers, who recognized Modeling as a way to awaken in the students the interest for the study of mathematics, not only encouraging the teaching, but also the development of an open mind to research and new experiences. It is presented, as a conclusion, the activities developed of Modeling being employed in the teaching of Mathematics and on the ways to "make Mathematics" in the classroom / Este trabalho teve como objetivo investigar se a Modelagem Matemática seria uma alternativa viável para o ensino e aprendizagem de Matemática na Educação Básica, sugerindo-a como uma outra possibilidade para abordar os conteúdos desta disciplina. Para isso foi executado um mini-curso sobre este tema, destinado a professores do Ensino Médio e Fundamental, com intuito de influenciar na prática docente, além de divulgar, esclarecer e mostrar o que seja o ensino de Matemática por meio da Modelagem e suas idéias inovadoras e criar outro ambiente de aprendizagem. Tínhamos como propósito também analisar a receptividade por parte dos professores, tornando-os interessados à implementação da Modelagem Matemática como parte do processo de ensino/aprendizagem e ainda divulgadores desta estratégia alternativa. A partir de situações reais, cotidianas e aulas práticas, orientamos nesse minicurso professores sobre a importância da Matemática para o conhecimento humano e compreensão do meio onde se vive. Apresentamos alguns caminhos que a Modelagem pode proporcionar para fazer Matemática na sala de aula, de modo diferente e atraente para seus alunos. Também eliminar o estigma de que a Matemática é considerada difícil por muitos, desinteressante por outros e até inacessível para a maioria. Descrevemos nesse trabalho, os encontros e experiências desenvolvidas com cinqüenta e cinco professores, os quais reconheceram a Modelagem como uma forma de despertar nos alunos, o interesse para o estudo da Matemática, favorecendo não somente o ensino, mas também, o desenvolvimento de um espírito aberto à investigação e a novas experiências. Apresenta como conclusão as atividades desenvolvidas de Modelagem a ser empregada no ensino de Matemática e sobre os caminhos para fazer Matemática na sala de aula

In this thesis, an intelligent controller architecture for gait selection of a serpentine robot intended to be used in search and rescue tasks is designed, developed and simulated. The architecture is independent of the configuration of the robot and the robot is allowed to make different kind of movements, similar to grasping. Moreover, it is applicable to parallel processing in several aspects and it is an implementation of a controller network on robot segment network. In the architecture several behaviors are defined for each of the segments. Every behavior is realized in the form of Fuzzy Actor-Critic Learning agents based on fuzzy networks and reinforcement learning. Each segment controller determines the next suitable position in the sensory space acquired using ultrasound sensors, a genetic algorithm implementation then tries to find the change of the joint angles to achieve the desired movement in a given amount of time. This allows optimization on different criteria, during motion. Simulations are performed and presented to introduce the efficiency of the developed controller architecture. Moreover a simplified mathematical analysis is performed to gain insight of the controller dynamics.

Nas últimas décadas, as mudanças sociais, econômicas, políticas na cultura, ciência e, especialmente no campo da tecnologia, vêm revolucionando as formas de comunicação e de relacionamento entre as pessoas. Algumas mudanças se configuram devido ao desenvolvimento tecnológico, especialmente no apoio à educação. A Educação a distância, na qual os processos de ensino e aprendizagem ocorrem com a utilização de meios e tecnologias de informação e comunicação, favorece o surgimento de novos espaços de convivência. Esta tese propõe uma visão de comunidade em ambiente virtual de aprendizagem específico, observando seu processo de constituição. Tendo como referência a teoria da Biologia do Conhecer, de Humberto Maturana, foi estudada a rede conversacional que se constituiu na instância do “correio”, ferramenta de comunicação em um Curso de Especialização. Buscou-se identificar o acoplamento estrutural entre os participantes do curso no espaço coordenação/tutoria e o ambiente virtual de aprendizagem e, a partir deste acoplamento, a constituição de um sistema social. Para tal, foram mapeadas as mensagens produzidas por meio da ferramenta “correio”, do ambiente, através de categorias, o que permitiu identificar tanto o acoplamento dos participantes do curso com o ambiente como a constituição do próprio sistema social, enquanto uma comunidade de aprendizagem. / In the last decades the social changes, economic, politic in the culture, science and especially changes in the field of technology are revolutionizing the ways of communication and the relationships between people. Some changes occur due to technological development, especially to support the education. The distance education, where the processes of teaching and learning occur with the use of ways and technologies of information and communication it favours the emergence of new areas of acquaintance. This theory proposes the vision of community of learning in virtual environment of specific learning, observing its process of the formation. Taking as reference the theory of the Biology Knowing of Humberto Maturana, it was studied the network conservation that constituted itself in the instance of “email”, tool of communication in a Specialization Course. It was tried to identify the structural coupling between the participants of the course in the space coordination/mentoring and the virtual environment of learning and from this coupling the establishment of a social system. So, it was mapped the massages produced from the tool “emails”, of the environment, through the category, allowing to identify both the coupling of the participants of course with environments as the creation of the own social system, while a community of learning.

Nas últimas décadas, as mudanças sociais, econômicas, políticas na cultura, ciência e, especialmente no campo da tecnologia, vêm revolucionando as formas de comunicação e de relacionamento entre as pessoas. Algumas mudanças se configuram devido ao desenvolvimento tecnológico, especialmente no apoio à educação. A Educação a distância, na qual os processos de ensino e aprendizagem ocorrem com a utilização de meios e tecnologias de informação e comunicação, favorece o surgimento de novos espaços de convivência. Esta tese propõe uma visão de comunidade em ambiente virtual de aprendizagem específico, observando seu processo de constituição. Tendo como referência a teoria da Biologia do Conhecer, de Humberto Maturana, foi estudada a rede conversacional que se constituiu na instância do “correio”, ferramenta de comunicação em um Curso de Especialização. Buscou-se identificar o acoplamento estrutural entre os participantes do curso no espaço coordenação/tutoria e o ambiente virtual de aprendizagem e, a partir deste acoplamento, a constituição de um sistema social. Para tal, foram mapeadas as mensagens produzidas por meio da ferramenta “correio”, do ambiente, através de categorias, o que permitiu identificar tanto o acoplamento dos participantes do curso com o ambiente como a constituição do próprio sistema social, enquanto uma comunidade de aprendizagem. / In the last decades the social changes, economic, politic in the culture, science and especially changes in the field of technology are revolutionizing the ways of communication and the relationships between people. Some changes occur due to technological development, especially to support the education. The distance education, where the processes of teaching and learning occur with the use of ways and technologies of information and communication it favours the emergence of new areas of acquaintance. This theory proposes the vision of community of learning in virtual environment of specific learning, observing its process of the formation. Taking as reference the theory of the Biology Knowing of Humberto Maturana, it was studied the network conservation that constituted itself in the instance of “email”, tool of communication in a Specialization Course. It was tried to identify the structural coupling between the participants of the course in the space coordination/mentoring and the virtual environment of learning and from this coupling the establishment of a social system. So, it was mapped the massages produced from the tool “emails”, of the environment, through the category, allowing to identify both the coupling of the participants of course with environments as the creation of the own social system, while a community of learning.

Orientador: Anna Regina Lanner de Moura / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-14T09:33:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marco_FabianaFiorezide_D.pdf: 4103548 bytes, checksum: b7def0d0894f31ead47b4146adc069ee (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / Resumo: Esta pesquisa investigou as implicações didáticas provenientes da vivência de atividades de ensino e da produção de atividades computacionais de ensino de futuros professores de matemática e as possíveis influências que daí decorrem na formação inicial desses licenciandos. As atividades desenvolvidas foram denominadas de ensino e pesquisa, pois, além de proporcionarem a problematização do ensino e da aprendizagem de conceitos matemáticos, serviram de fontes de informações para a pesquisa. Para esta investigação, tivemos como protagonistas 16 licenciandos do curso de Licenciatura em Matemática da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia e suas produções escritas, como portfólios, relatórios de atividades desenvolvidas, depoimentos audiogravados e atividades computacionais de ensino por eles elaboradas compuseram o cenário de nossas análises. As informações foram construídas em dois momentos distintos, porém inter-relacionados: o primeiro consistiu na vivência e na exploração das atividades de ensino pelos licenciandos, e as informações então produzidas foram analisadas segundo duas categorias: (re)significação conceitual e significação da futura prática pedagógica. O segundo momento consistiu na produção das atividades computacionais de ensino, que foram analisadas por outras duas categorias: interação social e mediação pedagógica em ambiente computacional; e necessidade - motivo/objetivo. As análises tiveram fundamentação teórica com base na teoria histórico-cultural, principalmente em Vigotski, Davidov, Leontiev. Esta pesquisa caracteriza-se como uma pesquisa de intervenção, com análise interpretativa das informações nela produzidas. Como resultados, as análises indicam que os protagonistas da pesquisa desenvolveram um processo de reflexão sobre a atividade de ensino, concebendo-a como geradora da necessidade e do motivo para ensinar e aprender matemática; indicam também que eles procuraram transpor esses elementos para as atividades computacionais que produziram, caracterizando uma atividade de ensino segundo Moura. Supõe-se que algumas das implicações didáticas para a formação inicial dos protagonistas são: o reconhecimento da importância, por parte deles, da construção coletiva das soluções propostas pelas atividades de ensino; o reconhecimento da vivência e a produção de atividades de ensino como elementos de formação profissional e de saberes docentes; a consideração, na atividade, da necessidade e do motivo para ensinar e aprender. / Abstract: This research has investigated the didactic implications from the experience of teaching activities and from the production of computational teaching activities of Mathematics student teachers as well as the resulting possible influences in the initial formation of these future teachers. The activities developed were named teaching and research, since, beyond providing the problematization of teaching and learning of mathematical concepts, they also composed the information data for the research process. Among all the protagonists of the research scenario we focus closer to 16 student teachers from the course of Mathematics of the Universidade Federal de Uberlândia and their written productions, such as portfolios, reports of activities, recorded statements and computational teaching activities elaborated by them. The research data were built in two different, but interrelated, moments: the first consisted on the experience and on the exploration of some selected teaching activities by the student teachers, and the information produced was then analyzed according to two categories: conceptual (re)meaning and meaning of the future pedagogical practice. The second moment consisted on the production of computational teaching activities, which were analyzed by two other categories: social interaction and pedagogical mediation in computational environment; and necessity - motive/objective. The analyses were based on the cultural-historical theory, especially in Vigotski, Davidov, Leontiev. This research could be characterized as intervention research, with interpretative analysis of the information produced. The analysis of the research data pointed out that the protagonists of our research developed a process of reflection on the teaching activity, conceiving it as generating the necessity and the motive to teach and learn Mathematics; they also show that they tried to transpose these elements to the computational activities that were produced, what characterizes a teaching activity according to Moura. It is assumed that some of the didactic implications for the initial development of the student teachers are: the recognition of the importance, of the collective construction of the solutions proposed by the teaching activities; the recognition, by the student teachers, of the richness of the experience and the production of teaching activities as elements of professional development and of knowledge of teachers; the consideration, in the activity, of the necessity and of the motive to teach and learn. / Doutorado / Educação Matematica / Doutor em Educação

Presented thesis deals with the eighth-grade elementary school pupils' view on social factors significantly affecting their learning motivation. The paper is of theoreticaly-empirical character. The base for the theoretical part is consisted of definitions of the main concepts, such as motivation and learning, social factors, environment, adolescence and demarcation of the major social factors influencing learning motivation. The main goal of the empirical part is to find out, to what extent social factors (parents, teachers, peers) are influential to learning motivation of the eight-graders. There is also a qualitative research presented. The data were collected via semi-structured interviews and analysed using ground theory principles. In total, ten interviews with the eighth-grade pupils were conducted. The main finding of the research is, that informants are mostly motivated by their parents. The teachers most commonly affect the motivation in negative manner. Peer group is the factor, which can be both motivating (by mutual learning help between pupils) and demotivating (by distracting from learning proces). In addition we discovered there are different views on influence of the social factors on pupils who are motivated intrinsically and the ones who are not. Based on the findings in this...

The use of instructional technology has opened up new avenues in education with broad implications in the foreign or additional language (L2) learning context. One of the research priorities is to explore student perceptions of the use of such modern means in their education which otherwise might not be anticipated. The present study aimed to determine (a) the perceived affordances as well as limitations of the information and communication technology (ICT) pedagogical application in coded corrective feedback (e-feedback) provision on L2 writing, (b) English as a foreign language (EFL) learners’ perspectives on using e-feedback to reduce their local and global mistakes, and (c) the type of self-regulated learning (SRL) behaviours, according to EFL students’ self-reports, electronic feedback and learning logs called forth in cognitive, affective, and metacognitive domains. The participants (n=48) were high-intermediate to advanced EFL learners from four cohorts enrolled on an International English Language Testing System (IELTS) preparation course in a branch of the Institute of Science and Technology in Tehran. Each cohort went through 84 face-to-face tutorial sessions in four months. During this period, they also wrote essays and received e-feedback on 12 IELTS Writing Task 2 prompts with a minimum of drafting work three times for each on an e-learning platform (www.ekbatani.ir) specially designed for this study. The data from all four cohorts were collected over the course of 11 months, using semi-structured interviews, online structured and unstructured learning logs, and an open-ended questionnaire to provide an in-depth picture of student perceptions of this technology mediation. Through a purely qualitative research design, the log, interview, and open-ended questionnaire data were analysed, categorised and coded. The findings represented students’ perceptions of the benefits of the e-feedback and learning logs as (i) offering a motivating and empowering means of providing EFL writing support, (ii) enhancing the thinking and problem-solving processes, (iii) a flexible and fast scaffolding approach for L2 writing improvement, and (iv) encouraging student writers’ active knowledge construction by helping them notice mistakes, focus on writing specifics, overcome the fear of writing, and grow confidence in L2 learning. The self-reported data indicated perceived limitations including (i) the time-consuming nature of the e-feedback processes, (ii) the occasional need for face-to-face discussions, peer feedback addition, providing supplements to e-feedback such as on-demand e-tutorials, and (iii) increased workload for the teacher in proportion to the number of students. Specific writing improvement was perceived to be locally in the use of punctuation signs and grammar, in spelling skills and the scope of vocabulary; and globally in organising ideas, finding ideas in the form of blueprints, and developing ideas into full-length essays. The student perceptions demonstrated that the learner-centred e-feedback environment created different affordances for students’ cognitive, affective, and metacognitive behaviours: (i) cognitively, it assisted the use and development of various learning strategies, enhanced student EFL writing experience, and increased awareness of error patterns in their essays; (ii) affectively, it supported students’ motivational processes, ability to appraise their progress, restore, and sustain positivity, and greater perceived self-efficacy beliefs in their own L2 writing skills; finally, (iii) metacognitive affordances included the ability to rethink and amend their plans as well as seek out support, ability to reflect on the writing processes holistically, ability to self-monitor to remain on course, and ability to devise and implement a plan of action mostly by finding a strategy to deal with mistakes and by taking greater caution in writing their future drafts. Despite arising from a particular contextual framework with the experience of particular cohorts of students, the findings can hopefully be of value to researchers and practitioners in the fields of online language pedagogy, second language acquisition (SLA), EFL writing, and computer-assisted language learning (CALL) with communication uses. The findings can assist language courseware designers, e-feedback platform developers, and L2 writing course administrators to support and enhance their practices and decisions, especially in providing and implementing ICT and SRL initiatives in EFL writing.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-29T16:27:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertacao_alexandre_guimaraes_2011.pdf: 1448953 bytes, checksum: af799b059a020763de1229e1f70e1919 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-04-13 / The Virtual Learning Environment (VLE) of the School of Visual Arts Distance Education (FAV-EaD) is the search field of this work. It consists an ethnographic experience called virtual ethnography and its focus is the representation of teaching in the VLE, whose job performance is directly linked to the tutor. Thus, this research also had a character self-ethnographic therefore I build reports of my experiences as a tutor at VLE, immersed in other matters involving: a) displacements and encounters between the teacher and the graphic designer, b) review of my teaching experience and remeaning to the Art Education, c) analysis of subject´s positions of the teaching´s actors at VLE. / Este trabalho tem como campo de pesquisa o Ambiente Virtual de Aprendizagem (AVA) da Licenciatura em Artes Visuais Modalidade a Distância (FAV-EaD), da Faculdade de Artes Visuais (FAV) da UFG. Consta de uma experiência etnográfica denominada etnografia virtual e seu foco é a representação do trabalho docente no AVA, cuja performance profissional está diretamente ligada ao tutor. Nesse sentido, esta pesquisa também teve um caráter autoetnográfico, pois construí relatos de minhas experiências como tutor no AVA, imersas em outras questões que envolvem: a) deslocamentos e encontros entre o professor e o designer gráfico; b) revisão de minha experiência docente e ressignificações do arte/educar; c) análise de posições dos sujeitos que realizam o trabalho docente no ambiente virtual de aprendizagem.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:24:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-09-29Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:32:06Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 souza_sp_me_mar.pdf: 1100725 bytes, checksum: 9a0c592824efc22741c8b6f1dff36732 (MD5) / A presente pesquisa teórica e prática, tendo como sujeitos crianças de uma quarta série do ensino fundamental da rede municipal de ensino do interior paulista, objetivou estudar a influência do entorno, aí inclusa a organização das ações pedagógicas, no desenvolvimento humano, com ênfase na análise das capacidades discursivas na infância. Apresenta uma discussão sobre a necessidade de se repensarem os elementos que compõem as atividades pedagógicas, identificando os processos centrais da sua organização. A hipótese é a de que as relações ocorridas em situações pedagógicas, organizadas intencionalmente, podem ser propulsoras de aprendizagens humanizadoras. São consideradas, nesse sentido, a atividade da criança e sua capacidade de aprendizado; a escola como espaço de vivências, de escolhas, de mediações; e a ação do professor mediador como criador de elos mediadores para a apropriação da linguagem escrita. Com o intuito de que as discussões recorressem a suportes teóricos que coadunassem entre si, a Teoria histórico-cultural foi eleita como o sustentáculo para as demais proposições que tratam da sala de aula como espaço mediador de ensino e de aprendizagem colaborativos (via metodologia de projetos) e a garantia para a coparticipação do sujeito aprendiz em sua própria formação como leitor e produtor de texto. A aplicação das técnicas da pesquisa-ação, por sua vez, respaldou-se no enfoque materialista-histórico-dialético, fundamento filosófico da Teoria histórico-cultural. Assim, a análise dos dados coletados coerentemente com a teoria eleita e norteada por seus conceitos gerou considerações acerca do ensino e da aprendizagem mediada pela linguagem escrita em contextos significativos e as contribuições destes instrumentos mediadores ao desenvolvimento humano. Ao concluir este trabalho foi possível afirmar que ter o homem... / This theoretical and practice research, that have as participants children of a fourth grade education in municipal basic education from a small city in the state of São Paulo, aimed to study the influence of the environment, in which there is included the organization of pedagogical practices in human development with emphasis on discursive analysis capacity in childhood. It presents a discussion about the need to rethink the elements of the educational activities, identifying the central part processes of their organization. The hypothesis is that the relation occurred in organized intentionally pedagogical situations may be drivers of humanizing learning. About this respect, the child‟s activity and its learning ability; the school as a mediation, choice and experience place; and the mediator teacher‟s action as a creator of mediator links to the written language appropriation are considered. In order that, the discussions appeal to theoretical supporters which adequate among them, the cultural-historical Theory was chosen as the cornerstone for all other proposals that deal with the classroom as mediator teaching and collaborative learning space (via project methodology ) and the guarantee for the schoolchild‟s co-participation in his own formation as a reader and producer‟s text. The techniques application of action research, in turn, was supported on the historical materialist dialectical focus, the historical cultural theory philosophical foundation. Thus, the analysis of collected data in a consistent way with the chosen theory and guided by its concepts generated some discussion concerning to the teaching and learning mediated by the written language in meaningful contexts and the contributions of these mediator instruments to the human development. In conclusion of this study, we can say that having the man as a parameter so that the educational task provides ...(Complete abstract click electronic address below)

Tato práce se věnuje všudypřítomnému vzdělávání (u-learning) a mapování ontologií, je součástí dlouhodobého projektu MAPLE a vypracoval jsem ji během studijního pobytu na francouzské univerzitě v La Rochelle, v rámci mezinárodního výměnného programu Socrates-Erasmus. Hlavní cíle práce lze rozdělit na dvě související části. První část má za úkol seznámit čtenáře s prostředím pro všudypřítomné vzdělávání a s vhodnými dostupnými nástroji. Jedním z těchto nástrojů je i komerční program LMA, který je určený pro tvorbu mobilních prezentací a kurzů, důraz je kladen na jejich přenositelnost mezi jednotlivými mobilními platformami. Cílem je demonstrace jeho funkčnosti a vytvoření zkušební mobilní prezentace. Dalším krokem je seznámení čtenáře s virtuálním výukovým prostředím (VLE) a systémy pro správu a řízení výukových kurzů (CMS). Vybraný, volně dostupný CMS se jménem Moodle jsem nainstaloval, nakonfiguroval a vytvořením fiktivního kurzu otestoval a vyzkoušel jeho vlastnosti a funkčnost. Druhá část práce se zabývá ontologiemi, dostupnými nástroji pro práci s nimi a mapovacími algoritmy. Čtenář je seznámen s patřičnou teorií i s motivacemi pro využití ontologií v projektu MAPLE, větší prostor je věnován volně dostupnému programu Protégé, který slouží hlavně jako editor ontologií, ale díky jeho rozšiřitelné architektuře může být využit k nejrůznějším účelům. Důležitým bodem práce je analýza a realizace doporučeného mapovacího algoritmu, který jsem implementoval jako zásuvný modul pro program Protégé. Cílem projektu MAPLE je návrh a realizace pedagogického systému pro mobilní, aktivní a participativní výukové prostředí, které obohatí tradiční model prezenční výuky. Díky mobilním zařízením, spolupracujícím s pracovní stanicí vyučujícího, budou mít studenti možnost okamžité zpětné vazby na probíranou látku. Dalšími záměry projektu jsou mobilní přístup k datům a výukovým kurzům, online komunikace a spolupráce zúčastněných osob, efektivní vedení a administrace kurzů pro vyučující a také spolupráce a propojení již existujících systémů v jeden funkční celek. Motivací pro využití ontologií v projektu MAPLE je správa výukových modulů a prezentací, jejich efektivní katalogizace, znázornění závislostí a vztahů mezi uloženými daty a jejich rychlé a přesné vyhledání. Mapovací algoritmus umožní spolupráci mezi moduly a ostatními databázemi, které používají rozdílné ontologie pro popis a charakterizaci uložených dat.