Yes / The creation of ternary multi-component crystals through the introduction of 18-crown-6 to direct the hydrogen-bonding motifs of the other molecular components was investigated for 3,5-dinitrobenzoic acid (3,5-dnba) with 4-aminobenzoic acid (4-aba). The creation of a binary complex between 18-crown-6 and 4-aba (C12H24O6·2C7H7NO2)2 and a ternary salt between 3,5-dnba, 18-crown-6 and 4-aba (C12H24O6·C7H8NO2+·C7H3N2O6−·C7H4N2O6) were confirmed by single-crystal structure determination. In both structures, the amino molecules bind to the crown ether through N—H...O hydrogen bonds, leaving available only a single O atom site on the crown with restricted geometry to potentially accept a hydrogen bond from 3,5-dnba. While 3,5-dnba and 4-aba form a binary co-crystal containing neutral molecules, the shape-selective nature of 18-crown-6 preferentially binds protonated amino molecules, thereby leading to the formation of the ternary salt, despite the predicted low concentration of the protonated species in the crystallizing solution. Thus, through the choice of crown ether it may be possible to control both location and nature of the available bonding sites for the designed creation of ternary crystals.

Three different types of cage crown ethers have been prepared and their complexation properties with Ag(I) have been studied. Atomic absorption, fluorescence quenching, and UV absorption have been used to study the interaction between the hosts (cage crown ethers) and guests (Ag+). For the cage-annulated crown ethers that contain aromatic rings, cation-π and π-π interactions may contribute significantly to the overall complexation ability of the host system. Piperazine groups may cooperate, and the piperazine nitrogen atoms provide unshared electrons, which may form a complex with Ag+. In addition, relatively soft donor atoms (e.g., Br) are well-suited for complexation with Ag+, which is a softer Lewis acid than alkali metal cations.

Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 47-06, page: 3476. Adviser: Arnold J. Schecter. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2008. / Additional advisors: Houston Byrd, Chris Lawson, Sadanandan Velu, Charles Watkins. Description based on contents viewed Feb. 9, 2009; title from PDF t.p. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Ottawa, 2008. / Includes bibliographies. Also available via the World Wide Web.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Ottawa, 2008. / Includes bibliographies.

Le travail présenté dans ce manuscrit s'intéresse principalement à l'étude d'une voie de synthèse visant les dérivés de la lycorine, alcaloïdes encore mal connus mais possédant des activités biologiques très intéressantes. Dans cette optique, une méthodologie impliquant l'addition nucléophile d'acétylures oxygénés sur les sulfinylimines chirales d'Ellman a été développée, permettant la formation de propargylamines oxygénées avec une excellente diastéréosélectivité. L'application de la réaction développée à la synthèse totale n'a pas été possible, l'étape précédente de réduction ménagée d'un sulfinylimidate en aldimine n'ayant pas pu être mise au point. L'exploration de la réactivité des propargylsulfinamides oxygénés a par la suite permis de synthétiser des aminoesters et des éthers d'énols fonctionalisés ou encore d'accéder aux sulfonamides correspondants. Leur cyclisation par catalyse métallique a aussi été étudiée, conduisant à des sulfoximines cycliques jusqu'alors inconnus. En parallèle de ces travaux, une méthode générale et verte pour la synthèse d'imines et d'imidates sous irradiation micro-onde a été mise au point. / The work reported in this manuscript mainly concerns the study of a synthetic strategy targetting the lycorine-type alkaloïds, compounds that are not well known but have shown interesting biological activities. In this context, a methodology concerning the nucleophilic addition of oxygenated acetylides on chiral Ellman's sulfinylimines has been developped, allowing the construction of oxygenated propargylamines xith an excellent diastereoselectivity. This reaction couldn't be applied to the total synthesis because of the fail of the precedent step of our synthteic plan, consisting in the reduction of sulfinylimidates into an aldimine. The reactivity of the oxygenated propargylsulfinamides has then been studied, allowing the preparation of aminoesters, functionalized enol ethers and sulfonyl protected propargylamines. Their cyclisation under metallic catlysis has been explored too, providing cyclic sulfoximines that had not been described before. In parallel, a general and green procedure for the synthesis of imines and imidates has been developped.

Quinoxaline-functionalized, cage-annulated oxa- and thiacrown ethers have been synthesized as possible specific metal host systems. The synthesis and characterization of quinoxaline-functionalized, cage-annulated oxa- and thiacrown ethers have been described. The characterization of these host systems have been fully achieved in solution by using various techniques such as IR, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR spectroscopic methods, high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS), elemental microanalysis, and X-ray crystallographic analysis in case of one quinoxaline-functionalized, cage-annulated oxacrown ether compound. The synthesis of the diphosphine ligand 2,3-bis(diphenylphosphino)-N-p-tolylmaleimide (bmi) is described. The substitution of the MeCN ligands in the activated cluster 1,2-Os3(CO)10(MeCN)2 by the diphosphine ligand bmi proceeds rapidly at room temperature to furnish a mixture of bridging and chelating Os3(CO)10(bmi) isomers and the ortho-metalated product HOs3(CO)9[μ-(PPh2)C=C{PPh(C6H4)}C(O)N(tolyl-p)C(O)]. Thermolysis of the bridging isomer 1,2-Os3(CO)10(bmi) under mild conditions gives the chelating isomer 1,1-Os3(CO)10(bmi), whose molecular structure has been determined by X-ray crystallography. The kinetics for the ligand isomerization have been investigated by UV-vis and 1H NMR spectroscopy in toluene solution over the temperature range of 318-348 K. On the basis of kinetic data conducted in the presence of added CO and the Eyring activation parameters, a non-dissociative phosphine migration across one of the Os-Os bonds is proposed. Orthometalation of one of the phenyl groups associated with the bmi ligand is triggered by near-UV photolysis of the chelating cluster 1,1- Os3(CO)10(bmi).

The original purpose of this investigation was to prepare a series of diketones. However, since considerable difficulty was encountered in the preparation of these diketones, attention was shifted to a study of the Friedel-Craft reactions of phenolic ethers and to the reaction between phenolic ethers and dicarboxylic acids with boron trifluoride as a catalyst.

Le noyau pipéridine est un des motifs les plus courant dans les produits naturels et pharmaceutiques ce qui explique que la synthèse énantiosélective de piperidines polyfonctionnalisées soit un domaine particulièrement dynamique. De par sa capacité à associer une fonction amine à un groupement carbonylé, la réaction de Mannich est un outil efficace pour former une liaison C-C de manière énantiosélective tandis que la réaction d’hydroamination intramoléculaire d’alcynes est pratique pour construire des hétérocycles azotés par formation de liaisons C-N. Dans cette thèse, nous avons combiné ces deux stratégies pour former de manière concise et énantiosélective des pipéridines polysusbstituées. Un couplage énantiosélectif de Mannich anti-sélectif fut employé pour préparer des amines chirales contenant une fonction alcyne connectée à un noyau aromatique riche en électrons. En présence d’acide de Brønsted, une réaction d’hydroamination cyclisante eut lieu démontrant une réactivité arylogue d’ynolethers et d’ynamines, la régiosélectivité de la cyclisation dépendant fortement de la densité électronique de l’alcyne. Ainsi lorsque la densité électronique est insuffisante, des pyrrolidines à cinq chainons furent obtenus tandis que lorsque la densité électronique est élevée des piperidines furent isolées, illustrant la passage d’une activation de triple liaison par liaison hydrogène à sa protonation. A partir des tetrahydropyridines et piperidines, une étude fut lancée dans le but d’achever la première synthèse totale énantiosélective du produit naturel koumine, un alcaloïde de type Gelsemium. / Piperidine ring is one of the most common heterocycles in natural products and the motif is especially well represented in pharmaceuticals. Consequently, enantioselective synthesis of multi-substituted piperidines is an important topic of investigation. For the synthesis of nitrogen-containing compounds, asymmetric Mannich coupling is a useful strategy while intramolecular hydroamination of alkynes is a practical route to construct N-heterocyclic products. In this thesis, the two strategies were combined. anti-Selective enantioselective Mannich reactions were thus employed to prepare chiral arylalkynyl amines. Connected to various aromatics, the reactivity of the triple bond was then studied in the framework of the intramolecular hydroamination reaction promoted with Brønsted acid. It was shown that depending on the electronic density of the alkyne, these adducts were converted into 5- or 6-membered rings, highlighting the balance between H-bonding and protonation. Tetrahydropyridines and piperidines were thus obtained with high regio-, diastereo-, and enantioselectivity and further functionalizations were also investigated in view of the first enantioselective total synthesis of Gelsemium alkaloid koumine.