Thesis (Ed.D.)--Boston University / PLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis or dissertation. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you. / This study explores the ways a small group of girls, ages 11-13, spoke about courage over a two-year period. Using Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics as a guide, the purpose of the present study is to discover how courage is present in the lives of a select group of girls, what their thoughts and perceptions are on courage, and how these thoughts and perceptions explain the operation of emotion and rationality in producing courage. This last question is based off Marcia Homiak's (1993) suggestion that Aristotle offers a way to explain how emotion and rationality operate together to develop positive, caring, independent and strong individuals. Differing from the predominant framework of Carol Gilligan's theory of an "ethic of care" in girls' developmental research, the present study uses and suggests that the practice of returning to the classical work of Aristotle offers a different approach to studying girls' development. The girls were interviewed in an effort to discover personal conceptions of courage, their thoughts on the relevance of intention, experience, emotion, sanguinity, and ignorance to courage, as Aristotle describes these terms, and how courage is present in their lives. The girls also performed an essay-writing task to clarify their thoughts. Several dominant themes resulted from this study. These included the participants stating that (1) a courageous act must stem from good intentions; (2) courage comes as a matter of experience or practice; (3) with enough practice courage can become a habit and thus part of your character; (4) while emotion is a precursor to courage, a courageous act cannot be done rashly and requires a degree of rationality to act in order to be considered true courage; and (5) their own recollections of acting courageously are in early development and thus far have been minimal. An additional finding was the degree to which participants found overly aggressive girls spur opportunities for courage. Implications for a model of active learning, character education, and further research on girls' development are suggested. / 2031-01-02

This study uncovers the experience of being ethical from the perspective of pre-registration nursing students. Using the qualitative methodology of phenomenology, specifically that outlined by van Manen, it seeks to show how students act ethically within everyday practice.Ethics is vital to any health related profession and the growing complexity of New Zealand's health care system requires more responsibility for ethical decision making in nursing care. Providing nursing care is an ethically charged undertaking and despite ethics taking an increasingly important place in nursing education few studies show the contextual nature of ethical practice from the perspective of students. This study aims to partly redress this situation.In this study I have interpreted the experiences of twelve pre-registration students. Using seventeen stories shared by the student participants, my personal understandings and literature, the meaning of being ethical has been illuminated. Three themes emerged from the interpretation. These include 'keeping things 'nice'', 'being true to yourself' and 'being present'. This thesis asserts that the overarching theme within these themes is that of 'being constrained and enabled'. Being constrained shows the experiences of students as they live through the tensions of being and doing as they strive to be ethical. Being enabled shows the experience of self-determination. Finally the study maintains that the shaping of ethical practice for undergraduate students may be enhanced when their reality is positioned and valued within educational processes.

This dissertation posits that the sin that might be termed "biolatry"--i.e., the worship of (human) life--contradicts the biblical articulation of the value of human life and results in an ethic of honoring that life above the ordinance of the God who both created and orders life and death in accord with his own infinitely good and holy purposes. The treatise aims to reorient the view by reestablishing divine revelation's assessment of the value of human life over that of the creature, resulting in joyful embrace of a biblical portrait of the value of human life in relation to the infinitely greater ethic of the glory of God, Lord of life and death. Chapter 1 assesses the current cultural pathos regarding death. The thesis and methodology are presented, including the narrowing of the scope within the much broader context of a biblical thanatology. Chapter 2 provides a briefing on the design and origin of death. Chapters 3 and 4 continue this briefing with exegesis, respectively, of the Old and New Testament's articulation of the value of human life and God's instrumental usage and vanquishing of death. Chapter 5 presents various anthropological constructs in order to assert a biblical understanding of the nature and constitution of human being in light of the unparalleled reordering of the anthropological constitution effected by death. Having grounded rationale for praxis in divine revelation, chapter 6 follows by holding forth as paradigms those offspring of Adam who rightly valued their own lives in relation to the higher ethic of joyful submission to the ordinance of humanity's Creator. These "resisted to the point of shedding blood in striving against sin" (Heb 12.4), thereby imitating the "sufferings of [their] God." The excursus of chapter 7 addresses the providence of God in those especially emotionally difficult occurrences of death, including infant death. The concluding chapter summarizes the premise and argumentation of previous chapters and provides admonition concerning a proper disposition toward death. Further, because death is not ultimate victor, the dissertation closes with a discussion concerning the hope of the consummation of life as its Creator intended it.

The purpose of the present study was to examine perceptions of workplace incivility as a function of observers’ gender, observers’ gender-related attitudes, and the gender of the instigator and target of the mistreatment. The study included data from 102 (65% female, 90% white) participants from various occupations and backgrounds across the United States. Participants completed a web-based survey that consisted of scenarios of uncivil interactions, gender-attitudes, and various demographic information. Results suggest that observers’ gender and gender-related attitudes are important factors in how they perceive workplace incivility. Results also suggest that the gender of those involved in uncivil interactions is less influential. vii

Abstract This research intends to explore the advantages and disadvantages of internal control, conduct the whole concepts of total ethical management, and standardize all business ethics, social responsibility and profit level as performance benchmarking. Instead of single criterion on profit level, the multi-assessment expects to achieve business sustaining operation and win-win situation for both business and society. It can also re-build the way of investment decision for investors and improve the attitude of business on social responsibility and the consumers¡¦ recognition on business image. The study collected related data for corporate governance, internal control and ethic management to find out how to promote and implement the integration of corporate governance, internal control and ethic management on routine operation, so as to conduct a business culture. In this study, questionnaire survey and statistical analysis are used to understand the business viewpoints on the above 3 subjects in present and raise the importance and development of business ethics. Keyword: corporate governance, internal control, ethic management

Abstract This study is focused on the discrimination of the relationship between money ethic & perfectionism and professional commitment & organizational commitment. I intend to provide company owners useful information on management of those R&D engineers. This research targets on engineers from different areas of businesses like computer, information, communication, electronics, optotech, refined machinery, automobiles, machinery, chemical engineering, metal industry and son on, but most are on the refined machinery, automobiles, machinery and telecommunication. There are total 508 copies of valid samples received. This is to check out if there is any obvious influence that the ¡§ money ethic ¡§ & ¡§perfectionism¡¨ and ¡§professional commitment ¡¨ & ¡§organizational commitment ¡¨ by using regression. The result on research R&D engineers is as follows: 1¡BThe ¡§money ethic ¡§ & ¡§perfectionism¡¨ they behold have a great influence on professional commitment. ¡}1¡~¡BThe stronger the no intrinsic motivation is, the stronger their involvement and identification to profession will be. ¡}2¡~¡BThe stronger the no intrinsic motivation is, the weaker willingness to stay in the same profession will be. ¡}3¡~¡BThe higher their personal standard is, the stronger their involvement and identification to profession will be. ¡}4¡~¡BThe more parental criticism, the weaker their professional identification and the willingness to stay in profession will be. ¡}5¡~¡BThe higher their personal standard and the doubt about actions is, the weaker the willingness to stay in profession will be. ¡}6¡~¡BThe higher the concern over making mistakes is, the weaker their involvement and identification to profession will be. 2¡BThe ¡§money ethic ¡§ & ¡§perfectionism¡¨ they behold have a great influence on organizational commitment. ¡}1¡~¡BThe stronger they regard ¡§money is good¡BImportant¡¨ , the weaker their involvement and identification to organization will be. ¡}2¡~¡BThe stronger the no intrinsic motivation is, the stronger their identification to organization will be. ¡}3¡~¡BThe higher they consider themselves receiving a equity treatment, the stronger their involvement to organization and the willingness to stay in position will be. ¡}4¡~¡BThe more the motivators are, the stronger their involvement to organization will be. ¡}5¡~¡BThe higher the expectation from their parents is, the stronger their involvement and identification to organization and the willingness to stay in position will be. ¡}6¡~¡BThe higher the doubt about actions is, the weaker their involvement and identification to organization and the willingness to stay in position will be. ¡}7¡~¡BThe more concern over making mistakes is, the weaker their willingness to stay in position will be. ¡}8¡~¡BThe higher their personal standard is, the stronger their involvement and identification to organization and the willingness to stay in position will be. ¡}9¡~¡BThe more criticizes receiving from parents, the weaker their involvement to organization and the willingness to stay in position will be.

The financial market in Taiwan shook away its bondage and started to move forward after the government declared the dissolution of financial policies in 1990. The approval of the installation of private banks in 1991 even flamed the competition existing in the monetary and financial market into a blaze.To make the situation even more drastic is our participation in the World Trade Organizations that international financial organizations are allowed to run their businesses here. Our local financial business did not only face the local competition, but also come across international counterparts. The keen competitionin the monetary market here is getting more and more fierce. Viewing bank clerks are the key to the success of a bank, this study aimed to find out how to inspire the employees and how to create an efficient management policy. This research also aimed at finding the relationship between ¡§monetary ethics¡¨ and ¡§professional commitment¡¨ & ¡§organizational commitment¡¨ among bank clerks. The subject of the study was bank clerks from 23 local banks throughout the island. There were total 422 copies of valid samples collected. The block regression is implied for analyzing the data. Through this research, we found bank clerks had the following responses: ¤@¡B The ¡§monetary ethics¡¨ behold have a great influence on professional commitment. 2¡B The stronger the make money is, the identification and involvement to profession will be higher. 3¡B The stronger the motivator is stronger, the identification and involvement to profession will be higher. 4¡B For those who think money can bring happiness, the involvement to profession will be higher. 5¡B The stronger the no intrinsic motivation is , the willingness to stay in the same profession will be lower. ¤G¡B The ¡§monetary ethics¡¨ behold have a great influence on organization commitment: 1¡B The weaker they regard ¡§money is good¡BImportant¡¨, the identification to organizational will be lower. 2¡B The stronger the make money is , the identification to organizational and willingness to stay in position will be higher. 3¡B The stronger the motivator is stronger is, the identification to organizational and willingness to stay in position will be higher. 4¡B The stronger the Budget Money is important, the involvement to organizational will be higher. 5¡B The stronger the rich is important, the identification to organizational will be lower.

Abstract According to the statistics of Department of Health, demand and quality of health care have been increased for the past decade in Taiwan. Not only the number of medical organizations of various categories is increasing rapidly, but also human resources and capital invested in the medical industry have been growing fast. The importance of salesman in this trade cannot be underestimated any longer. A study on the correlations among money ethic, professional commitment and organizational commitment of the salesman in the medical devices dealers was made to locate useful motivation elements and management suggestions to the salesman in this field as well as to serve as a reference for people who have been in practice or intend to join this industry. The subject of study was aimed at salesman of medical devices dealers. The structure of this study was established based on an understanding of properties of this industry and a review of documents. A sample survey was conducted and the impact of money ethic upon professional commitment and organizational commitment was examined in a statistical way of block regression. Results of this study are listed as follows: 1.The money ethic of salesman imposed significant impact upon the sub-dimensions of professional commitment. ¡]1¡^As the tendency of considering making money was important was getting stronger, professional identification became higher. ¡]2¡^As the tendency of considering making money was important was getting stronger, professional involvement became greater. ¡]3¡^As the tendency of budget emphasis was getting stronger, professional involvement became higher. ¡]4¡^As the tendency of considering money was no intrinsic motivation element was getting stronger, the willingness of staying in the same profession was getting lower. ¡]5¡^As the tendency of considering money was a motivation element was getting stronger, professional identification became higher. ¡]6¡^As the tendency of identifying money stood for power was getting stronger, the willingness of staying in the same profession ] was getting lower. 2.The money ethic of salesman imposed significant impact upon the sub-dimensions of organizational commitment. ¡]1¡^As the tendency of considering making money was important was getting stronger, professional identification became higher. ¡]2¡^As the tendency of considering money was no intrinsic motivation element was getting stronger, the willingness of staying in the same profession was getting lower. ¡]3¡^As the tendency of considering money was a motivation element was getting stronger, organizational identification became higher. ¡]4¡^As the tendency of identifying money stood for power was getting stronger, the willingness of staying in the same profession was getting lower.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Florida State University, 2003. / Advisor: Dr. Hollie Thomas, Florida State University, College of Education, Dept. of Educational Leadership and Policy Studies. Title and description from dissertation home page (viewed Feb. 18, 2004). Includes bibliographical references.

This study uncovers the experience of being ethical from the perspective of pre-registration nursing students. Using the qualitative methodology of phenomenology, specifically that outlined by van Manen, it seeks to show how students act ethically within everyday practice.Ethics is vital to any health related profession and the growing complexity of New Zealand's health care system requires more responsibility for ethical decision making in nursing care. Providing nursing care is an ethically charged undertaking and despite ethics taking an increasingly important place in nursing education few studies show the contextual nature of ethical practice from the perspective of students. This study aims to partly redress this situation.In this study I have interpreted the experiences of twelve pre-registration students. Using seventeen stories shared by the student participants, my personal understandings and literature, the meaning of being ethical has been illuminated. Three themes emerged from the interpretation. These include 'keeping things 'nice'', 'being true to yourself' and 'being present'. This thesis asserts that the overarching theme within these themes is that of 'being constrained and enabled'. Being constrained shows the experiences of students as they live through the tensions of being and doing as they strive to be ethical. Being enabled shows the experience of self-determination. Finally the study maintains that the shaping of ethical practice for undergraduate students may be enhanced when their reality is positioned and valued within educational processes.