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No / This article looks at the recent contributions made by feminists who advocate a distinctive `ethic of care¿ to replace the conventional `ethic of rights¿. The article explores ways in which the ethic of care could be utilized and applied to the children¿s rights context. After looking at the important feminist criticisms of conventional rights-based approaches, it is argued that there needs to be some caution applied to the feminist ethic of care, if it is to be successfully applied to the context of children. These cautions are that it is important to recognize the contested nature of care and not to valorize the perspectives of carers over those being cared for. Second, the feminist ethic of care might lead to a `needs-based¿ discourse, an approach that is unsatisfactory in its implications for children¿s rights. Finally, conceptions of justice and equality must not be dropped from political arguments. Rather, their limitations must be acknowledged and then used strategically and partially. However, despite these cautions, the feminist ethic of care remains a constructive approach to the children¿s rights context as it emphasizes responsibilities and relationships, the concrete contexts of caring interdependencies, and allows children to be active social players with a voice rather than passive recipients of care and rights. It is hoped that this article might serve as both a corrective and conceptual enrichment of the feminist ethic of care.

The dissertation focuses on understanding the mothering experience of three internal organizational development consultant/managers who perceive that their experience informed their professional functioning. The questions that guided the study were: (a) What is the mothering experience of the internal organizational development consultant/manager who perceives that her experience informed her professional functioning? and (b) How does the mothering experience inform the professional functioning of the internal organizational development consultant/manager? A case study method using the grounded theory method of data analysis produced three narratives that suggested how the mothering experience influenced consulting and managerial functioning. Three themes emerged; namely: "being fully present," "protecting by fighting for trust and safety / Ph. D.

This study was conducted to investigate the opinions of dietitians regarding the withholding and withdrawing of nutritional support in terminally ill patients. In addition, the role of the dietitian in feeding the terminally ill individual was researched. A mailed questionnaire was sent to 414 registered dietitians employed by the Marriott Corporation with at least one year of clinical experience. Of the 414 deliverable questionnaires, 284 [69%] were returned, and the results were tabulated. Data analysis included frequency distribution. Results indicated that the majority of the dietitians were female younger than 40 years of age with at least a Bachelor of Science degree and were married. Dietitians with experience with advance directives and living wills were more likely to agree that the terminally ill individual and not the physician nor family member had the right to make the decisions regarding his or her medical treatment. There were no statistical differences when broken down according to the different variables. Because most dietitians have not had any formal training in ethics, education for dietitians needs to focus on ethics skills to help dietitians to effectively deal with the challenges facing dietitians pertaining to feeding the terminally ill individual. / Master of Science

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The diploma work deals with ethical dilemmas and conflicts in the European culture. It examines the disturbance of the human destiny in the paradigmatic characters of Antigone and Hamlet. On the basis of the two tragedies, the diploma work tries to reconstruct ethical teaching standing in the background of these two pieces of work. The diploma work is divided into four main chapters. In the first two chapters I concentrated, on the basis of professional literature, on the principal works Antigone and Hamlet. Then I handled the personality of the main characters, their contemplation of the problem, their thinking about how to make a decision and how they came to the way to solve their own situation. The third chapter deals with disturbance of human destiny. The fourth chapter is a synthesis of all the information which I gained while dealing with the topic of the diploma work.

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The purpose of this thesis was to determine if culture was a significant determinate of commitment to one's work organization. The second objective was to develop a work commitment index that was not only comprehensive but minimized redundancy. This work commitment index contained items measuring values and traits associated with the Protestant Work Ethic, Job Involvement, and Organizational Commitment. A T-Test analysis indicated no significant differences in the levels of protestant work ethic or job involvement possessed by hispanic and white soldiers. Only in organizational commitment were levels significantly different, but multiple regression analysis did not support this difference after controlling for other variables. Some progress was made in the development of a comprehensive work commitment index that minimized redundancy. The theories used in this index are capturing three different facets of work commitment. There still exists some redundancy and overlap within and between measures, but at less excessive levels.

Problem of responsibility and freedom ROHLENOVÁ, LUCIE. Problem of responsibility and freedom. Praha: Faculty of Education, Charles University, 2012, 69 pp. Diploma Thesis. The diploma thesis will devote to the progress of the phenomenon of the liberty in the modern period from Spinoza to Lévinas. The diploma thesis is mainly based on the major publications of philosophers, B. Spinoza, I. Kant, K. Jaspers, J.-P. Sartre, E. Levinas. The thesis focuses in the terms responsibility and liberty which assume different and more profound meaning in their philosophy. Baruch Spinoza connects the liberty with the independence, with the causal independece. The independent thing is the thing which is the source of own action. In this meaning we can say that only God is independent. Immanuel Kant presented the new dimension of the liberty in ethics which extended the solution of the etical philosophy. The person is the being who constructs the moral word from own liberty and accountable to himself or herself and the other people. Emphasis is placed on Karl Jaspers' major publication The Question of German Guilt. The blame is analysed in this publication and it is classified into four aspects-criminal, political, moral and metaphysical blame. Jeana Paul Sartre is the author of the idea that our body and...

Este estudo teve como objetivos revelar os dilemas éticos do cotidiano de enfermeiros de instituições de medicina diagnóstica, e o que consideram na tomada de decisão frente a esses dilemas. Para compreender o vivencial desses enfermeiros nesse contexto, optei pela abordagem qualitativa, vertente fenomenológica, segundo a modalidade “estrutura do fenômeno situado". Foram realizadas nove entrevistas com duas questões norteadoras: “Em seu cotidiano, você identifica situações que envolvam dilemas éticos? Fale sobre a sua vivência." e “Frente a um dilema ético, o que você leva em consideração para a tomada de decisão?". Após a descrição dos discursos, foi realizada a análise ideográfica, a partir da qual surgiram sete temas: “(Não) Reconhecimento da existência de dilemas éticos"; “Falta de autonomia profissional"; “(Des) Valorização profissional"; “Fatores envolvidos na tomada de decisão"; “Humanização no relacionamento com a equipe e com o cliente"; “Postura ética" e “Valorização da dimensão técnica". Com a análise nomotética realizada posteriormente, buscou-se revelar as convergências e divergências das unidades de significado interpretadas, com o intuito de perceber a estrutura geral do fenômeno. Com as proposições foi possível desvelar que em Medicina Diagnóstica, os dilemas éticos são percebidos como situações desencadeadas pelo cliente, família, profissionais e instituição. As enfermeiras tomam decisões através da participação de todos os envolvidos na situação, ponderando o custo-benefício de uma ação para o cliente, agindo de forma humanizada, através de suas crenças, respeitando a hierarquia institucional e procurando respaldo médico quando sentem insegurança. A decisão para mudar uma rotina só é tomada quando existem recursos no trabalho. Cumprir normas e condutas da empresa, ser imparcial e humana com a equipe de enfermagem e cliente e ver o que é certo e errado para tomar a posição correta diante de uma situação ética, também são fatores considerados na tomada de decisão. / This study tried to reveal the ethical dilemmas in wich nurses from institutions of medicine diagnostic live every day, and what they consider when they make a decision. To understand the nurse’s experience in this context, I chose the qualitative analysis, according to phenomenological orientation in which there is the modality “structure of the phenomenon situated". Nine interviews were realized with two guiding questions: “In your ordinary day, do you identify situations involving ethical dilemmas? Speak about your experience." and “In front of an ethical dilemma, what do you take into consideration for making a decision?" After describing the speeches, there was an ideographic analysis in which apperead seven themes: “(No) Acknowledgement of the existence of ethical dilemmas"; “Lack of professional autonomy"; “Professional (de) valuation"; “Factors involved in making decision"; “Humanization in the relationship with the team and the customer"; “Ethical attitude" and “Valuation of the tecnique dimension". The nomothetic analysis was in order to show the convergences and divergences of the units of meaning interpreted, with the purpose of understanting the general structure of the phenomenon. With the propositions it was possible to unveil that the ethical dilemmas in Medicine Diagnostic are perceived like situations created by costumer, family professionals and institution. The nurses make a decisions by regarding the participation of people involved in the situation, analyse the cost-benefit of an action for the customer, humanize their actions, in their beliefs, respect the institucional hierarchy and look for a medical opinion when they feel insecurity. The only decide to change a routine when there are resources at work. Other factors are also considered for making a decision: execute rules and behaviours inside the company, be impartial and humane with the nursing team and the customer and identify what is right and wrong to know how to make a correct decision in an ethic situation.