This paper addresses the under representation of Black and minority ethnic (BME) sex offenders in the sex offender treatment programme (SOTP) of the prisons of England and Wales. The proportional over representation of BME men in the male sex offender population of the prisons of England and Wales has been noted for at least ten years. Similarly the under representation of BME sex offenders in prison treatment programmes has been a cause for concern during the last decade. This paper presents current demographic data relating to male BME sex offenders in the prisons of England and Wales. The paper draws together a wide range of social and cultural theories to develop a tripartite model for understanding the dynamics underlying the non-participation of BME

Doctor of Philosophy / Department of Special Education, Counseling and Student Affairs / Kenneth F. Hughey / African American and Latino students continue to experience lower retention and higher attrition rates then their White counterparts. The aim of this qualitative interview study was to understand how African American and Latino students at a predominantly White institution (PWI) achieved graduation in Agriculture-STEM (A-STEM) disciplines. Based on the global need for more A-STEM and STEM professionals and the under-representation of African American and Latino students in the fields, there appeared to be a gap in the research on this population and success attributes with respect to completing undergraduate degrees. There was a tendency in the literature toward examining African American and Latino students utilizing the deficit model. This study explores the lived experiences of two African American and one Latino alumni of A-STEM programs. Understanding the life stories, via counter narratives, of these students may help universities develop stronger support for student success in college for not only African American and Latino students, but for all students in A-STEM disciplines. Critical Race Theory was the framework used for the analysis and the interpretation of the data in this study. The data consisted of interview transcripts, timeline, documents, photographs, and e-mail conversations. Communicating the findings in qualitative interview studies is the result of constructing the experiences and meanings of events through the eyes of the participants in a manner that portrays a representation of their experiences. Each participant’s counter narratives were created to highlight salient patterns reflected in their experiences. The writing around the participants’ experiences, and the interrogation of data allowed for the identification of patterns that were consistent with each participant’s stories and their individual unique details. The findings revealed: (a) ethnic minority students want faculty and administrators who looked like them because having someone to understand their experiences as people of color in PWI is needed; (b) the need for organizations that support ethnic minority student academic and social success, which in turn helps to create a sense of belongingness and a more inclusive campus climate; (c) more overall faculty support in and out of the classroom; and (d) opportunities for involvement in faculty-led research projects.

This study examines whether Compassion Meditation (CM) can help ethnic minority college students heal from race-related stress. The present study hypothesized that through participation in a CM intervention, the augmentation of adaptive coping strategies (i.e., self-compassion) and the reduction of maladaptive coping strategies (i.e., internalization, defined as self-blame, and detachment, defined as social isolation) would reduce depression and PTSD. Participants (N = 9) participated in an 8-session weekly CM intervention and completed three questionnaires at the beginning, middle, and end of the intervention. Results demonstrated that increasing self-compassion predicted decreases in depression, and that reducing coping via detachment predicted decreases in PTSD. In addition, all nine participants met the clinical cutoff for major depression at pre-intervention, but only five remained above the cutoff point by post-intervention. Implications for future CM interventions, research, and prevention strategies are discussed.

Attitudes toward mental illness and the willingness to seek psychological treatment for their children among ethnic minority group parents were investigated. Participants consisted of black, Hispanic, Native American and Asian parents. All parents were given the Terrell and Terrell Cultural Mistrust Inventory, Cohen and Struening Opinions About Mental Illness Scale, Reid-Gundlach Social Services Satisfaction Scale, Fischer-Turner Attitudes Toward Seeking Professional Help Scale, and Ahluwalia Parents' Psychological Help-Seeking Inventory. A multiple regression model was used to explore the purpose of this study. Parental mistrust level, ethnicity, education, income level, and opinions about mental illness served as predictor variables. The criterion variables consisted of scores on the Social Services Satisfaction Scale and Attitudes Toward Seeking Professional Psychological Help Scale. The results indicated that the most significant predictor of psychological help-seeking was parental cultural mistrust level. Parents with higher cultural mistrust levels were less likely to seek help. Education was also predictive of black and Native American parents' help-seeking attitude and willingness to seek psychological help for their children. Black and Native Americans with lower levels of education were less willing to seek treatment for their children than members of those ethnic groups with higher levels of education. Ethnicity was also related to parental willingness to seek help for their children. Hispanic and black parents expressed more willingness to seek help than Native American and Asian parents. Finally, parents' opinions about mental illness were found to be significantly related to help-seeking attitude. Parents with positive opinions about mental illness were more likely to utilize professional psychological help than those parents with negative opinions about mental illness. Some clinical and theoretical implications of these findings are discussed.

Annotation: This thesis concerns in detail with the system of social services which contribute to the process of social inclusion of the Roma minority in the area of Jihlava city. The thesis describes analytically particular services from a point of view of their needs, focus and range, and puts them in the context of theoretical knowledge of social work and its importance for integration. It specially focuses on the local excluded Roma urban localities, it maps their current status and analyses the general situation from a viewpoint of next development related to the housing of Jihlava's Roma people. Proposals for measures how to improve the living conditions of the Roma community in Jihlava and its coexistence with the majority are a part of this thesis.

Ungefär 14 procent av den svenska befolkningen utgörs av invandrare. Studier visar att många invandrare är utsatta i samhället då de kommer till ett nytt land. Denna utsatthet kan vara språksvårigheter, arbetslöshet, rasism och diskrimination. I samband med att invandringen ökar i Sverige ökar även sannolikheten att man som sjuksköterska kommer i kontakt med patienter med annan kulturell bakgrund. På så sätt kan det uppstå det kulturkrockar i mötet med invandrarpatienter. Sjuksköterskans roll är därmed väldig viktig i mötet med invandrarpatienter. För att mötet ska bli bra bör sjuksköterskan erhålla goda kunskaper om andra kulturer. Syftet med denna litteraturstudie är att beskriva sjuksköterskors upplevelser av att vårda patienter med annan kulturell bakgrund. I vår metod har vi använt oss av 15 kvalitativa studier där sjuksköterskors upplevelser har belysts genom intervjuer. Studierna har vi funnit genom diverse databaser. Sedan har vi analyserat studierna steg för steg utifrån Fribergs (2006) analysbeskrivning. I resultatet ledde de analyserade artiklarna fram till sex kategorier: (1) Språket är ett hinder, (2) Tolken kan vara både en tillgång och ett hinder, (3) Anhöriga på både gott och ont, (4) Olika kulturella föreställningar skapar utmaningar, (5) Kunskapen om andra kulturer är bristfällig, (6) Fördomar har betydelse. I diskussionen beskrivs olika strategier som sjuksköterskor kan tillämpa för att komma över språkliga hinder. Det framkommer även att kunskapen hos sjuksköterskor är något som bör förbättras, detta genom att införa transkulturell omvårdnad i sjuksköterskeutbildningens kursplan. Sjuksköterskor bör även ha förståelse för invandrarpatienters behov och önskan om att ha sina anhöriga närvarande under en sjukhusvistelse. / <p>Program: Sjuksköterskeutbildning</p><p>Uppsatsnivå: C</p>

Att Sverige idag är ett mångkulturellt samhälle återspeglas i dagens sjukvård. Sjuksköterskor möter idag patienter med invandrarbakgrund och kan därmed uppleva svårigheter att förstå dessa patienters behov på grund av språkhinder och/eller kulturella skillnader. Syftet med studien var att beskriva sjuksköterskans upplevelser i mötet med patienter med invandrarbakgrund. Vi använde oss av en litteraturstudie där 11 kvalitativa vetenskapliga artiklar granskats och analyserats enligt Evans (2003) modell. Analysen resulterade i följande fem teman; Språkbarriär – ett hinder för god omvårdnad, Tolkens för - och nackdelar, Anhöriga - på gott och ont, Att uppleva bristfällig kulturkompetens, Upplevelsen av både positiva och negativa fördomar och förutfattade meningar. I diskussionen lyfter författarna fram samtliga teman för att de är av betydelse för sjuksköterskan i mötet med patienter med invandrarbakgrund. Sjuksköterskorna i dem studerade artiklarna upplevde frustration och missnöje eftersom de inte kunde tillgodose en god omvårdnad till patienter med invandrarbakgrund. / Program: Sjuksköterskeutbildning

This quantitative study aims to investigate the mechanisms for ballot placement of underrepresented groups by examining how ideology and electoral vulnerability affect the ballot placement of ethnic minority women candidates in the case of the election to the Swedish Riksdag in 2018. Four hypotheses for the relationship are set: that the Red-Greenswillputethnicminoritywomencandidates higherupontheirballots;that the Alliance will put ethnic minority women candidates higher up on their ballots; that electoral vulnerability will have a stronger effect on the Red-Greens’ ballot placement of ethnic minority women candidates; that electoral vulnerability will have the same or no effect on the Red-Greens’ and the Alliance’s ballot placement of ethnic minority women candidates. The results show a significant relationship between ideology and ballot placement of ethnic minority women candidates but no effect of electoral vulnerability. The conclusion is therefore that the Red-Greens are more likely to put ethnic minority women higher up on their ballots compared to the Alliance, and that it does not matter if a party belongs to the Red-Greens or the Alliance, because if the party is at risk of electoral defeat the effect of electoral vulnerability on the ballot placement of ethnic minority women candidates will be the same in both blocs.

Book Summary: Positive psychology has become a vibrant, well-regarded field of study, and a powerful tool for clinicians. But, for many years, the research in areas relevant to positive psychology, such as happiness, subjective well-being, and emotional intelligence, has been based on findings from largely White samples and has rarely taken the concerns of the ethnic community into consideration. Now, for the first time, leaders in the field have come together to provide a comprehensive reference that focuses specifically on how a culturally-informed approach to positive psychology can help capitalize on the strengths of racial minority groups and have a greater potential to positively impact their psychological well-being. Acting as a bridge between positive psychology theory and research—largely based on an essentialist view of human behavior—and the realities of practice and assessment in diverse groups, Positive Psychology in Racial and Ethnic Groups focuses on four main ethnic groups: Asian Americans, Latin Americans, African Americans, and American Indians.

Book Summary: Positive psychology has become a vibrant, well-regarded field of study, and a powerful tool for clinicians. But, for many years, the research in areas relevant to positive psychology, such as happiness, subjective well-being, and emotional intelligence, has been based on findings from largely White samples and has rarely taken the concerns of the ethnic community into consideration. Now, for the first time, leaders in the field have come together to provide a comprehensive reference that focuses specifically on how a culturally-informed approach to positive psychology can help capitalize on the strengths of racial minority groups and have a greater potential to positively impact their psychological well-being. Acting as a bridge between positive psychology theory and research—largely based on an essentialist view of human behavior—and the realities of practice and assessment in diverse groups, Positive Psychology in Racial and Ethnic Groups focuses on four main ethnic groups: Asian Americans, Latin Americans, African Americans, and American Indians.