This report details the significance of the palm tree family or Palmae in the lives of humans. In chapter one, I summarize major palm uses around the world. As sources of products important to the world economic market, palms are ranked as one of the top three plant families. If additional products from national and local level markets are also considered, palms could possibly be the most important plant family to humans. A tremendous number of species are utilized across the world, mainly in subtropical and tropical areas, as vital sources for food, fiber, fuel, and medicine. The unique morphological and anatomical characteristics of palms are responsible for their great utility. These attributes are discussed in conjunction with the many uses they provide. A few species have been important in the lives of humans from some of the first civilizations; many of these species are still as important. Such a long history of interaction has also led to palms being interwoven into the religious and mythical frameworks of various societies and tribes. In chapter two, I detail the occurrence of medicinal uses for Old World and Australasian palms. Palms as novel sources of medicinal compounds have been underappreciated. A few papers in the last few decades have found a substantial number of medically relevant uses of Neotropical palms. As a parallel, this report presents medically relevant uses discovered in the last few decades for Old World and Australasian palms. Similar to Neotropical palms, the remainder of the world’s palms could possibly be important sources of medicines for more frequent traditional use and as possible sources for drugs created for application in conventional medical settings. An increasing awareness of palms as important sources of medicines could have implications for their conservation. / text

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Orientador: Lin Chau Ming / Banca: Maria Franco Trindade Medeiros / Banca: Maria Christina de Mello Amorozo / Resumo: A exsicata é um documento misto, onde a planta fixada representa a evidência biológica e os registros do rótulo, as evidências textuais. A evidência biológica da exsicata é a base do estudo da taxonomia e sistemática que normalmente utiliza-se da observação e comparação da planta fixada para revisão e atualização da nomenclatura. Como fonte documental, as séries de exsicatas foram estudadas neste trabalho com foco nas evidências textuais. Através da revisita, resgate e sistematização dos registros. Buscou-se reunir informações sobre: (1) nome comum das plantas; (2) uso, (3) percepções da relação humano-natural e (4) aspectos histórico das coleções analisadas. O estudo abordou as séries de exsicatas da família Urticaceae depositadas em de três instituições estrangeiras: (1) Royal Botanic Gardens (K), Kew, Inglaterra; (2) Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle (P), Paris, França, que participam do Projeto REFLORA; (3) New York Botanical Garden (NY), Estados Unidos, juntamente com fontes impressas e manuscritos. Foram analisadas ao todo 2644 exsicatas, 707 de K, 542 de P e 1395 de NY, e oito obras históricas. Na análise dos dados, 50 espécies de Urticaceae apresentaram registro de nomes populares, com destaque para o gênero Cecropia. Trinta e cinco exsicatas apresentaram a indicação de uso das espécies coletadas categorizados em: (1) medicinal; (2) alimentação humana; (3) alimentação aninal; (4) fibra e (5) energia. As espécies com registro de uso foram: Boehmeria nivea (L.) Gaudich., Cecropia concolor Willd., C. obtusa Trécul, C. pachystachya Trécul, Laportea aestuans (L.) Chew, Pourouma cecropiifolia Mart., P. cucura Standl. & Cuatrec., P. guianensis Aubl., P. minor Benoist, Urera baccifera (L.) Gaudich. ex Wedd., U. caracasana (Jacq.) Gaudich. ex Griseb., U. punu Wedd. A descrição dos aspectos históricos da formação das coleções biológicas e dos ... / Abstract: Exsiccates forms a mixed document, in which the fixed plant represents the biological evidence and the registers of the label, the textual evidence. The biological evidence of the exsiccata is the basis for the study of the taxonomy and systematic which normally uses the observation and comparison of the fixed plant for the review and updating of the nomenclature. As a documental source, the series of exsiccates have been studied in this work with focus on the textual evidence. Through the revisiting, recovery and systematization of registers, information was gathered on: (1) common name of the plants; (2) usage, (3) perception on the relation human-natural and (4) historical aspects of the collection analyzed. The study has approached the series of exsiccates of the family deposited in three foreign institutions: (1) Royal Botanic Gardens (K), Kew, England; (2) Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle (P), Paris, France, which have participated in the Project REFLORA; (3) New York Botanical Garden (NY), United States, together with printed sources and manuscripts. A total of 2644 exsiccates, have been analyzed, 707 from K, 542 from P and 1395 from NY, and eight historical works. With the analysis of the data, 50 species of the family Urticaceae presented registers of popular names, of which the genre Cecropia outstands. Thirty-five exsicatas presented indication of use of the species collected categorized in (1) medicinal; (2) human food; (3) animal food; (4) fiber and (5) energy. The species with register of use were: Boehmeria nivea (L.) Gaudich., Cecropia concolor Willd., C. obtusa Trécul, C. pachystachya Trécul, Laportea aestuans (L.) Chew, Pourouma cecropiifolia Mart., P. cucura Standl. & Cuatrec., P. guianensis Aubl., P. minor Benoist, Urera baccifera (L.) Gaudich. ex Wedd., U. caracasana (Jacq.) Gaudich. ex Griseb., U. punu Wedd. The description of the historical aspects of formation of the ... / Mestre

Thesis (MS)--University of Montana, 2009. / Contents viewed January 14, 2010. Title from author supplied metadata. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Florida State University, 2005. / Advisor: J. Kathryn Josserand , Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Dept. of Anthropology. Title and description from dissertation home page (viewed Feb. 6, 2006). Document formatted into pages; contains xi, 221 pages. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 1986. / Vita. Bibliography: leaves [412]-428.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2003. / Includes bibliographical references.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-09-17T15:24:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2014-02-07. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2015-09-17T15:48:09Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000846924.pdf: 2362392 bytes, checksum: fb68da9704e107bd12fc3b897ddbc8cf (MD5) / A exsicata é um documento misto, onde a planta fixada representa a evidência biológica e os registros do rótulo, as evidências textuais. A evidência biológica da exsicata é a base do estudo da taxonomia e sistemática que normalmente utiliza-se da observação e comparação da planta fixada para revisão e atualização da nomenclatura. Como fonte documental, as séries de exsicatas foram estudadas neste trabalho com foco nas evidências textuais. Através da revisita, resgate e sistematização dos registros. Buscou-se reunir informações sobre: (1) nome comum das plantas; (2) uso, (3) percepções da relação humano-natural e (4) aspectos histórico das coleções analisadas. O estudo abordou as séries de exsicatas da família Urticaceae depositadas em de três instituições estrangeiras: (1) Royal Botanic Gardens (K), Kew, Inglaterra; (2) Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle (P), Paris, França, que participam do Projeto REFLORA; (3) New York Botanical Garden (NY), Estados Unidos, juntamente com fontes impressas e manuscritos. Foram analisadas ao todo 2644 exsicatas, 707 de K, 542 de P e 1395 de NY, e oito obras históricas. Na análise dos dados, 50 espécies de Urticaceae apresentaram registro de nomes populares, com destaque para o gênero Cecropia. Trinta e cinco exsicatas apresentaram a indicação de uso das espécies coletadas categorizados em: (1) medicinal; (2) alimentação humana; (3) alimentação aninal; (4) fibra e (5) energia. As espécies com registro de uso foram: Boehmeria nivea (L.) Gaudich., Cecropia concolor Willd., C. obtusa Trécul, C. pachystachya Trécul, Laportea aestuans (L.) Chew, Pourouma cecropiifolia Mart., P. cucura Standl. & Cuatrec., P. guianensis Aubl., P. minor Benoist, Urera baccifera (L.) Gaudich. ex Wedd., U. caracasana (Jacq.) Gaudich. ex Griseb., U. punu Wedd. A descrição dos aspectos históricos da formação das coleções biológicas e dos ... / Exsiccates forms a mixed document, in which the fixed plant represents the biological evidence and the registers of the label, the textual evidence. The biological evidence of the exsiccata is the basis for the study of the taxonomy and systematic which normally uses the observation and comparison of the fixed plant for the review and updating of the nomenclature. As a documental source, the series of exsiccates have been studied in this work with focus on the textual evidence. Through the revisiting, recovery and systematization of registers, information was gathered on: (1) common name of the plants; (2) usage, (3) perception on the relation human-natural and (4) historical aspects of the collection analyzed. The study has approached the series of exsiccates of the family deposited in three foreign institutions: (1) Royal Botanic Gardens (K), Kew, England; (2) Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle (P), Paris, France, which have participated in the Project REFLORA; (3) New York Botanical Garden (NY), United States, together with printed sources and manuscripts. A total of 2644 exsiccates, have been analyzed, 707 from K, 542 from P and 1395 from NY, and eight historical works. With the analysis of the data, 50 species of the family Urticaceae presented registers of popular names, of which the genre Cecropia outstands. Thirty-five exsicatas presented indication of use of the species collected categorized in (1) medicinal; (2) human food; (3) animal food; (4) fiber and (5) energy. The species with register of use were: Boehmeria nivea (L.) Gaudich., Cecropia concolor Willd., C. obtusa Trécul, C. pachystachya Trécul, Laportea aestuans (L.) Chew, Pourouma cecropiifolia Mart., P. cucura Standl. & Cuatrec., P. guianensis Aubl., P. minor Benoist, Urera baccifera (L.) Gaudich. ex Wedd., U. caracasana (Jacq.) Gaudich. ex Griseb., U. punu Wedd. The description of the historical aspects of formation of the ...

In recent years Venda has suffered considerable environmental pressure as a result of overpopulation and agricultural and industrial expansion, which has led to indiscriminate destruction of vegetation and natural habitats. The ethnobotany of the Vhavenda was studied with the aim of discovering their knowledge of, and dependence on mainly indigenous plants, and its impact on the local flora and vegetation. As the first comprehensive study of its kind in Venda, it also serves as a record of an important part of the cultural heritage of the Vhavenda. Personal observations and interviews with numerous Venda people have played an important role. Information from the literature on the uses of plants by the Vhavenda was also recorded and verified. Herbarium specimens of more than 245 species of mainly indigenous, but also some exotic plants were collected and identified, and information on their uses recorded and analysed. Vernacular names for many taxa have also been recorded. The Vhavenda use indigenous plants for food, medicine, firewood, building, art, as sources of oils and dyes, for shade and as ornamentals. Despite the tendency to rely increasingly on commodities available commercially, indigenous plants still play a significant role in the lives of many people in Venda. A utilitarian system of plant classification exists among the Vhavenda. Most Venda names of plants are related to their traditional uses, morphology, anatomy, chemistry, behaviour, habitat or relationships with certain animals, while a few have onomatopoeic derivations. A traditional system of nature conservation has for long been responsible for the preservation of those plants considered to be important. / Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2012. / Plant Science / unrestricted

Orientador: Lin Chau Ming / Coorientador: Marcia Ortiz Mayo Marques / Banca: Gabriela Granghelli Gonçalves / Banca: Anastacia Fontanetti / Resumo: Os povos indígenas utilizam de inúmeras plantas em sua dinâmica cultural e alimentar, entretanto, pouco se sabe a respeito de quais espécies são usadas na alimentação dessas comunidades, diante disso, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo investigar quais espécies são utilizadas na alimentação do povo Shanenawa, da aldeia Shane Kaya, município de Feijó, Acre, e quais as formas de cultivo e manejo dessas plantas. Para a obtenção dos dados, foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com os moradores da aldeia, utilizados diários de campos para anotações de eventos ocorridos durante a pesquisa e turnês guiadas aos locais de ocorrências das espécies apontadas. As espécies foram coletadas e classificadas botânicamente. Foram identificadas 71 espécies alimentícias, divididas em 28 famílias botânicas, sendo a família Arecaceae a mais predominante em número de espécies. As espécies alimentícias estavam distribuídas entre quatro ambientes, floresta, quintal, roça e roçado. A maioria das espécies alimentícias é cultivada nos quintais localizados no entorno das casas, todavia, existem os espaços destinados somente ao cultivo de espécies de roçados (banana, milho e amendoim) e roça (macaxeira), demonstrando a importância dessas espécies na dieta desse povo. As espécies pertencentes ao ambiente floresta foram classificadas segundo o subtipo de ambiente terra firme, igapó e beira do igarapé. A comunidade apresentou expressivo conhecimento sobre as espécies alimentícias cultivadas e sil... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Indigenous people use several plants in their cultural and food dynamics, however, there is little information about which species are used as food by these communities. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate which species are used in the food of the Shanenawa people, from the village Shane Kaya, municipality of Feijó - Acre, and how these plants are cultivated and managed. For the data obtainment, semi-structured interviews were conducted with the villagers, field diaries were used to record events during the research and guided tours to the occurrence sites of the plant species. The species were collected and botanically identified. In total, 71 species were identified, divided into 28 botanical families, being the Arecaceae family the most predominant in the number of species. The food species were distributed among four different locations, forest, backyard, roça, and roçado. Most of the food species are cultivated in the backyards located around the houses, however, there are places intended only for the cultivation of roçado (banana, maize, and peanut) and roça (cassava) species, demonstrating the importance of these species in the diet of these people. The species belonging to the forest environment were classified according to the environment subtype: dryland, igapó forest, and igarapé margin. The community has shown significant knowledge of the cultivated and wild food species, which are consumed and prepared in different ways. The development of ethnobotanical studies with indigenous communities can help in the valorization and conservation of the associated traditional knowledge and make part of the Brazilian biodiversity recognized / Mestre