Submitted by Joana Azevedo (joanad@id.uff.br) on 2017-09-01T15:21:02Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissert Eduardo de Assumpção Silva.pdf: 1604099 bytes, checksum: 47a7b2843f5729ca0a320602bc1c384e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Biblioteca da Escola de Engenharia (bee@ndc.uff.br) on 2017-09-04T13:30:26Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissert Eduardo de Assumpção Silva.pdf: 1604099 bytes, checksum: 47a7b2843f5729ca0a320602bc1c384e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-04T13:30:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissert Eduardo de Assumpção Silva.pdf: 1604099 bytes, checksum: 47a7b2843f5729ca0a320602bc1c384e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-07-18 / A ciência e a tecnologia têm relação direta com o desenvolvimento de um país. Os projetos de pesquisa e desenvolvimento na CNEN são financiados pelos recursos diretos do orçamento da União e das Agências de Fomento como a FINEP e o CNPq. De um modo geral os gerentes de projetos acreditam que conseguem ter sucesso quando completam um projeto no prazo programado, no orçamento e nos requisitos previstos, que é comumente conhecido como “restrição tripla” ou “triângulo de ferro”. Entretanto, na revisão da literatura verificou-se outros critérios de avaliação do sucesso nos projetos, como os benefícios gerados à sociedade, o desenvolvimento das capacidades da equipe, as oportunidades futuras, novas tecnologias, entre outros. Diante dessa questão, buscando auxiliar o gestor na avaliação dessa tipologia de projetos, a pesquisa propôs um modelo com critérios e requisitos baseado na revisão da literatura e buscou através de um questionário medir os graus de importância e de utilização desses critérios junto aos especialistas da CNEN, que atuam diretamente na execução desses projetos. Os resultados revelaram que os critérios propostos no modelo possuem um grau de importância alto, com uma queda em relação à utilização, indicando que os critérios utilizados no modelo podem auxiliar os gestores na avaliação dessa tipologia de projeto. / Science and technology are directly related to the development of a country. The research and development projects at CNEN are financed by the direct resources of the budget of the Union and of the Development Agencies such as FINEP and CNPq. In general, project managers believe they can succeed when they complete a project within the programmed schedule, budget, and anticipated requirements, which is commonly known as a "triple constraint" or "iron triangle." However, in the review of the literature, other criteria for evaluation of success in projects, such as the benefits generated by society, the development of the team's capabilities, future opportunities, new technologies, among others, were verified. Faced with this question, seeking to assist the manager in the evaluation of this typology of projects, the research proposed a model with criteria and requirements based on the literature review and sought through a questionnaire to measure the degrees of importance and use of these criteria with the specialists of CNEN , Which act directly in the execution of these projects. The results showed that the criteria proposed in the model have a high degree of importance, with a decrease in relation to the use, indicating that the criteria used in the model can help managers in the evaluation of this type of project.

[...] Le sujet de cette thèse intervient dans le cadre du projet DEFI et vise à caractériser la notion d'Efficience Inventive en Conception afin d'élaborer des moyens de mesure de cette dernière. L’objectif étant à terme d’aboutir à l'adoption d’indicateurs aidant les entreprises à situer leurs capacités inventives en R&D. Par la suite, les entreprises ayant adopté ces indicateurs pourront, le cas échéant, entamer des actions d'évolution de leurs pratiques afin que la valeur de ces indicateurs évolue dans le sens recherché. Aux vues de la diversité des typologies d’entreprises et l’ampleur d’un tel sujet, notre recherche est focalisée sur les projets de conception de produits au sein des départements R&D de l’industrie automobile. Afin de mener cette recherche et définir les indicateurs de l’efficience inventive, nous avons étudié dans un premier temps les critères inhérents à la conception inventive. Selon nos travaux, la mesure de la performance inventive est corrélée à l’efficience inventive et doit considérer son efficacité par des caractéristiques ciblées, l’étude des connaissances impliquées et des ressources consommées. Notre mesure de l’efficience inventive est aussi basée sur l’analyse des flux des connaissances en jeu tout au long du processus d’innovation technologique, et particulièrement dans la phase de pré-développement. Elle analyse la relation entre ce qui est reçu et ce qui est appliqué ou consommé par rapport à l’inventivité. La mesure de l’inventivité est alors basée sur l’évaluation de l’idéalité, la nouveauté et l’utilité de ce qui sort du processus de conception de produit. L’ensemble des méthodes d’évaluation développées dans ce travail pour chaque critère d’inventivité, et l’efficience inventive, sont intégrés dans un système d’évaluation concret nommé IDPMS (Inventive Design Performance Measurement System) destiné à aider les directeurs des projets de la conception de produit et R&D à observer la performance inventive des équipes projet, et tenter d’améliorer les activités inventives. Donc, ce travail se catégorise dans le domain des sciences de l’ingénieur. Depuis plus de deux décennies, notre laboratoire (le LGéCo) travaille à la construction, d’abord théorique, puis déclinée en méthodes et outils, de nouvelles approches destinées à accompagner les mutations industrielles de l’ère de la qualité vers l’ère de l’innovation. A cet égard, cette thèse fournira un chaînon manquant : celui qui concerne l’évaluation, et la mesure de ce qui caractérise l’amont de l'innovation afin d’aider les entreprises à entrer, par rapport à ces dernières, en logique de performance. / [...] This thesis was defined in the DEFI project to characterize the notion of efficiency in Inventive Design, and develop the metrics of inventive-design. The objective of this proposal is to define inventive performance indicators to enhance the creative capacity in the automotive industry. The research is focused on the NPD projects of R&D department, which are known as the responsible of technological evolutions. In this respect, the main elements of design performance, and the main criteria of inventiveness are studied and merged together. The inventive performance of a R&D team is concerned with the efficiency of their activities to create inventive designs when they apply existing knowledge, and/or use creative resources. This analyzes the relationship between what is received and what is applied or consumed to achieve higher inventiveness degree. The measures of inventiveness are based on the evaluation of novelty, resourcefulness, and usefulness of what comes out from design activities. All the evaluation methods developed in this work are integrated into a concrete system as IDPMS (Inventive Design Performance Measurement System), and an initial version of the IDPMS application is developed, by which R&D and project managers can observe the inventive performance of their NPD projects. So this work is categorized in Engineering Science for specifying performance indicators of inventive design activities. In recent years, our laboratory (LGeCo) focused on developing theoretical methods, then appropriate tools to accompany the industrial changes from the era of quality to the era of innovation. In this regard, this thesis provides the missing link of this effort by evaluating the main characteristics of inventions in engineering level to help companies enter into a logic performance along their innovation projects.