Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:26:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Jaqueline Vasconcelos da Silva.pdf: 944863 bytes, checksum: 88302c4140b413e002c5dd4c3c23d513 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-02-03 / Fundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa / This research aimed to identify, describe and analyze what the Brazilian and foreign professionals, who were transferred to work in another country, and have returned to their country of origin are understood as resulting from the learning experience of expatriation. Intended to meet situations in which this learning occurred for the individual, and if this learning was absorbed by the organization. The study was based on psychological perspectives applied to studies of learning in organizations, studies of informal learning within institutions, and especially in studies of adult learning from the approach of transformative learning proposed by Jack Mezirow (1991). Therefore, it was conducted a basic interpretive qualitative study with ten participants. Data were collected through semistructured interviews, document analysis and observation, and were analyzed by the method of qualitative data analysis proposed by Flores (1994). The results show that the experience of expatriation triggers transformative learning processes through changes of views and assumptions of the individual. It has been found yet informal learning processes and examples of the connection between individual learning processes and organizational learning. / Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo identificar, descrever e analisar o que os profissionais brasileiros e estrangeiros, que foram transferidos a trabalho para outro país, e que já retornaram ao seu país de origem, entendem como aprendizagem resultante da experiência da expatriação. Pretendeu-se conhecer em quais situações este aprendizado ocorreu para o indivíduo, e se este aprendizado foi absorvido pela organização. O estudo apoiou-se nas perspectivas psicológicas aplicadas aos estudos de aprendizagem nas organizações, nos estudos sobre aprendizagem informal dentro de instituições, e, sobretudo, nos estudos de aprendizagem de adultos a partir da abordagem da aprendizagem transformadora proposta por Jack Mezirow (1991). Foi conduzido um estudo qualitativo interpretativo básico com dez participantes. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas semi-estruturadas, análise documental e observação, e foram analisados segundo o processo de análise de dados qualitativos proposto por Flores (1994). Os resultados mostram que a experiência da expatriação desencadeia processos de aprendizagem transformadora por intermédio de mudanças de pontos de vistas e de pressupostos do indivíduo. Foram constatados ainda processos de aprendizagem informal e exemplos da ligação entre processos de aprendizagem individual e aprendizagem organizacional.

The thesis focuses on the solution of two specific situations in the field of employee orientation and adaptation. The first part deals with the analysis of the adaptation and orientation process of the new employees in Subterra a.s. including recommendations on how to optimise this process. The second part focuses on the system of training of the employees before expatriation, leading to their successful adaptation abroad. This section describes the activities and information that are required before their expatriation. The aim of the training is an successful employee adaptation and an achievement of the objectives of the expatriation. This Master's Thesis is based on Czech and foreign literature. The practical part is mainly based on the internal documents of Subterra a.s., on the consultation with the Head of the Human Resources Development Unit in Subterra -- Mgr. Jana Jakoubková and my own experience with work abroad.

L'expulsion – ou déportation –, avant la prison moderne, était la punition de prédilection ; ce châtiment avait l'avantage de permettre l'exclusion définitive de l'individu déviant sans avoir à s'occuper de la personne. Cette peine réapparait comme une nouvelle stratégie de contrôle social et de gestion des populations excédentaires à niveau mondial, et tout particulièrement de la population étrangère dans les pays développés. Le modèle français d’expulsion des étrangers se présente comme un système « hygiénique » et ordonné, symbolisé par les centres de rétention administrative. Une enquête de terrain, réalisée durant six mois dans deux centres de rétention administrative, nous a permis d’examiner la problématique à partir d’une approche empirique inductive, étudiant les caractéristiques et les modes de fonctionnement des instruments spécifiques déployés, pour comprendre l’impact des pratiques et des politiques de contrôle migratoire sur les individus concernés et sur la construction de la société française. Nous analysons également le retour forcé comme une extension du système pénal dont les objectifs formels dépassent l’expulsion effective et qui cherche à établir un mécanisme de contrôle et de gestion de la population migrante en général. / Expulsion or deportation constituted a privileged punishment prior to the modern prison, whose advantage was the definite exclusion of the individual without having to deal with his body. This punishment reappears as a new strategy of social control and of surplus world population management, particularly regarding foreigners in developed countries. The French model of expulsion of foreigners was based on an administrative device presented as a hygienic and tidy system, symbolized by the administrative retention centers. By means of a six-month-ethnographic study carried out at two retention centers near Paris, we analyze this topic with an empirical inductive approach, in which the characteristics and functioning of the displayed instruments are studied, mainly, the confinement of foreigners in administrative retention centers, so as to understand the impact of migratory control practices and policies on both the individuals and on the construction of the French society. In addition, we analyze forced return as an extension of the penal system whose informal objectives transcend effective deportation and aim to establish a device for the control of the migrant population in general.

Globalization in the past few decades has been marked by increased mobility of highly skilled workers from one country to another. Even though self-initiated expatriation is a widespread phenomenon, it is a relatively under-researched phenomenon in the academic literature, especially in an organizational context. Existing literature shows that not all individuals are equally suited to embark on a new life in another country, and self-initiated expatriates (SIEs) could be particularly susceptible to failure since they have no support from a home organization. This study was designed to investigate the experiences of self-initiated professional expatriates and the effect it had on their work performance. The purpose was to understand how their organizational and social experience affected their cross-cultural adjustment process and in turn affected their individual work performance. The researcher used a qualitative method using semi-structured interviews, observations, and documents with ten self-initiated expatriates. This study contributed to the expanding literature on the experiences of self-initiated expatriates, specifically how different support systems affected cross-cultural adjustment and individual work performance.

Cette recherche explore les trajectoires de mobilité d’étudiants français inscrits à l’Université McGill et HEC Montréal, qui représentent la plus large communauté d’étudiants étrangers au Québec. Visant une meilleure compréhension du phénomène de mobilité à l’ère de la mondialisation, ce mémoire analyse les récits biographiques motivationnels et expérientiels de ces étudiants. De plus, la recherche vise à rendre compte des pratiques de reproduction sociale et culturelle s’exprimant à travers ces récits. L’analyse des récits biographiques suggère que le type de mobilité observé concerne en majorité des étudiants issus de classes moyennes et moyennes supérieures, bénéficiant de ressources culturelles, sociales et économiques relativement importantes et affichant des prédispositions à la mobilité. Les récits motivationnels des étudiants français en mobilité comportent parfois des intentions « stratégiques » mais sont plutôt marqués par des motivations « hédonistes » où la mobilité est un rite de passage employé à des fins d’épanouissement et de découverte personnelle. L’analyse des représentations, significations et usages de l’espace universitaire, urbain, social et culturel par le biais des récits expérientiels révèle que Montréal est bien souvent l’incarnation d’une « terre promise » de l’épanouissement personnel. Cependant, si les discours traduisent une facilité d’adaptation à l’environnement universitaire et montréalais, l’expérience de l’intégration témoigne plutôt du contraire. Les étudiants ont tendance à produire des réseaux d’amitié, fondés sur le partage de l’identité française et de l’expérience de la mobilité, qui sont maintenus à travers des espaces de sociabilité communs. Cet isolement tend à renforcer les liens d’une communauté privilégiée, aboutissant à la reproduction de l’avantage social de cette catégorie ainsi que des codes socioculturels français qui se perpétuent et s’épanouissent dans l’espace montréalais. / This research explores the mobility trajectories of French students enrolled at McGill University and HEC Montréal, for they represent the largest community of international students in Quebec. Aiming for a better understanding of the phenomenon of mobility in the era of globalization, this thesis analyzes the motivational, experiential and biographical narratives of these students. Moreover, this research aims to account the practices of social and cultural reproduction expressed through these narratives. The analysis of the biographical narratives suggests that the type of mobility observed mainly concerns students from middle and upper-middle class backgrounds with relatively significant cultural, social and economic resources and a predisposition to mobility. The motivational stories of French students in mobility sometimes include "strategic" intentions but are rather marked by "hedonistic" motivations where mobility is a rite of passage used for self-fulfilment and personal discovery. The analysis of representations, meanings and uses of academic, urban, social and cultural space through experiential narratives reveals that Montreal is often the embodiment of a "promised land" of personal fulfillment. However, while the speeches reflect an ease of adaptation to the collegiate and Montreal environment, the experience of integration shows the opposite. Students tend to create friendship networks, based on the sharing of French identity and the experience of mobility, which are maintained through common sociability spaces. This isolation tends to strengthen the bonds of a privileged community, resulting in the reproduction of the social advantage of this category as well as the French socio-cultural codes that are perpetuated and flourish in the Montreal urban space.

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The purpose of this research was to investigate the relationship between the cross-cultural adjustment of the expatriate spouse and their level of subjective well-being. Demographic factors were considered to identify life domains that may affect cross-cultural adjustment and subjective well-being respectively. The Spousal Adjustment Scale, Scale of Positive and Negative Experience, Satisfaction with life scale, and Flourishing scale were used in the study. A quantitative, cross-sectional survey design was used, and a purposive sample which consisted of expatriate spouses currently residing in Germany was approached (N=156). Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were applied. The results yielded a statistically significant correlation between cross-cultural adjustment and subjective well-being of expatriate spouses and indicated statistically significant differences between demographic groups including language proficiency, dependents, time spent in host country, nationality, career sacrifice, and support network. It was concluded that there is a positive relationship between the cross-cultural adjustment of the expatriate spouse and their well-being and that various demographic factors can influence both constructs. / Industrial & Organisational Psychology / M.Comm. (Industrial and Organisational Psychology)

The purpose of this research was to investigate the relationship between the cross-cultural adjustment of the expatriate spouse and their level of subjective well-being. Demographic factors were considered to identify life domains that may affect cross-cultural adjustment and subjective well-being respectively. The Spousal Adjustment Scale, Scale of Positive and Negative Experience, Satisfaction with life scale, and Flourishing scale were used in the study. A quantitative, cross-sectional survey design was used, and a purposive sample which consisted of expatriate spouses currently residing in Germany was approached (N=156). Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were applied. The results yielded a statistically significant correlation between cross-cultural adjustment and subjective well-being of expatriate spouses and indicated statistically significant differences between demographic groups including language proficiency, dependents, time spent in host country, nationality, career sacrifice, and support network. It was concluded that there is a positive relationship between the cross-cultural adjustment of the expatriate spouse and their well-being and that various demographic factors can influence both constructs. / Industrial and Organisational Psychology / M.Comm. (Industrial and Organisational Psychology)

The literature, for example, Black and Stephens (1989), as well as Marchetti-Mercer (2009), emphasise that mental health professionals may be increasingly faced with the challenges linked to migration and expatriate life. There is also a paucity of information regarding expatriate adjustment in South African psychological literature, and to this end, the aim of this study was to examine how South African expatriate families adjust to a foreign environment like the Middle Eastern city of Dubai. In Dubai, many South African expatriates are employed in sectors such as hospitality, medicine, construction, education, including financial services and it is estimated that the number of South Africans living in Dubai are between 40 000 and 100 000 (The Homecoming Revolution, 2008:1). Expatriate families face the challenges of adjusting to different laws, climates, cultures, religions and social systems. They may experience lack of emotional support, grief, feelings of isolation and loneliness. Unfamiliar living conditions and a change of lifestyle may present as a crisis for certain families, manifesting in family conflict and financial hardship. Given the number of South African families living in Dubai, this study aimed to explore how these families adjusted to the living conditions of this region. A second aim of the study was to use the findings yielded from the data to formulate Gestalt therapeutic techniques, enabling family therapists to assist expatriate families with adjustment difficulties. A phenomenological system of enquiry was employed to study the experiences of six South African families and fifteen members of a focus group. Family members of the six family case studies were interviewed, their experiences audio-recorded, and then transcribed verbatim. Three children elected to provide drawings of their experiences. The focus group discussion was also audio-recorded and then transcribed verbatim. Upon analysis, six common themes emerged, namely, social support, personality factors, environmental conditions, acculturation, grief and disillusion. The findings of the study assisted the researcher in formulating five therapeutic Gestalt techniques that would facilitate and optimise communication amongst expatriate family members. Three of the therapeutic techniques were designed by the researcher, and two were adapted from existing Gestalt techniques. It is hoped that the findings in the present study will assist in amplifying the existing knowledge base regarding Gestalt therapy techniques for families and children, including the current research on expatriate adjustment and the psychological ramifications related to this phenomenon. / Social Work / D. Diac. (Play Therapy)

This study examines the expatriate spouses’ cross-cultural adjustment to the host country. The cross-cultural adjustment experience of the expatriate spouse differs vastly from that of the expatriate. Literature was consulted to understand the cardinal role that the spouse portrays during an expatriate assignment and to highlight the importance of a well-adjusted spouse. This study engaged in qualitative research methodology using five expatriate spouses residing in Rome, Italy. Spouses were from two different countries and represented different age groups. Data collection methods included interviews and a focus group session to gain an in-depth understanding of spouses’ cross-cultural adjustment experiences. Results showed that spouses arriving in the host country experienced a loss of identity. Identity in this study was divided into three categories namely personal, situational and social. Once spouses went through a period of identity reformation they were able to become well-adjusted spouses. / Psychology of Education / M. Ed. (Guidance and Counselling)