Throughout history, utopian ideals have existed promoting nature as a necessary affect for better aesthetic and psychological being. Yet, as human populations climb so do stresses upon the natural environment - therefore, bringing "the city in harmony with nature" becomes more challenging. Fortunately, hope exists through the use of greenroof technology. Greenroofs are a green space created by continuous layers of drainage, protection, growing medium, and plants either onto or integral to a roofing system. This paper explores extensive greenroofs, characterized by low-maintenance and shallow growing medium. Greenroof benefits (ecological, economical, aesthetic, psychological) are classified as: Market and Human. Further exploration of human-driven benefits result in the definitions of active and passive sensation (the division of sensation): Active sensation is the immediate, present, unimagined engagement of a specific sense. Passive sensation is the imagined perception (sensing) of an object or element. As defined, Active Sensations are real and, therefore, have limits/defects/boundaries; yet, Passive Sensations are imagined, and therefore, limitless. As alluded by William James, "The philosophy which is so important in each of us is not a technical matter; it is our more or less dumb sense of what life honestly and deeply means. It is only partly got from books; it is our individual way of just seeing and feeling the total push and pressure of the cosmos." The remainder of the document explores human-driven greenroof design; emphasizing design as a form of inquiry. / Master of Landscape Architecture

This final thesis is a project of sports center in Brno Líšeň. This building has two floors and it is without basement. Building has irregularly-shaped floor plan. Main entrance is to ground floor. Hall with reception has no celling and it is opened up to celling of second floor. There is dominating flush facade in hall. Entrance to sanitary facilities and gym is from hall, next entrance from here is to wellness and office. Gym has higher celling height than others. This part forms ground part of building. There is staircase to second floor in the hall. In second floor there are some rooms for group physical excercising with lector. In second floor are next sanitary facilities Entrance to terrace is through gallery in second floor. Struktural system is created of sand lime blocks KM Beta. Sports center is roofed with flat roof, part of this is extensive green roof.

The topic of my thesis is the design of a kindergarten in Rajhrad. The building is one storey with a flat roof. In the middle of the building there are technical facilities, a kitchen, a director's office and facilities for staff. On the sides there are classrooms with bathrooms and cloakrooms. The load-bearing masonry is designed of Heluz ceramic blocks. The perimeter masonry is insulated with the ETICS contact insulation system. The roof structure is made of prefabricated floor slabs SPIROLL. The building is covered by a green flat roof. The building will be heated by a gas condensing boiler. It will have an air handling unit located on the roof along with photovoltaic panels. Intelligent LED lighting will be deployed throughout the building. The third part deals with the comparison between masonry construction and the more environmentally friendly clay construction. Specifically, it compares the CO2 production of masonry and clay construction of the same building using the SBToolCZ methodology. The results obtained showed that the clay building produces approximately 30% less CO2 than the masonry building. I created my thesis using ArchiCAD and DEKsoft software.

The topic of the diploma thesis is the elaboration of project documentation for the construction of a fire station with almost zero energy consumption. The building will serve as a fire station type P4 with the scope of the JPO I unit - a unit of the fire department with a territorial scope, usually within 20 minutes drive from the place of deployment. The designed building is a detached object with two above-ground and one underground floor. The building is designed as a reinforced concrete skeleton. It consists of two operating units. The administrative and operational part has three floors. In this part, the main entrance to the building is on the 1st floor, oriented on the south side. The technical rooms of the fire department are located on the first floor and are functionally connected to the administrative part. Exit garages, a car wash and a dryer are also attached to it. Prior to the elaboration of the project, a visit to the regional fire station in Trnava and a consultation with the director of this station took place regarding the needs and requirements of the fire department.

ABSTRACT A Comparative Study of Three Growing Media and Four Plant Groups Under Extensive Green Roof Conditions in San Luis Obispo, California Todd A. Nelson Green roof growing media and plant species are critical factors when deciding on the best materials for a project. Growing media must be chosen in accordance with load bearing capacities of structures and water requirements of the plant material. Plant species must be able to thrive in the climate of the green roof and withstand a green roof’s harsh environment. The objectives of this research were: (1) to determine which of three extensive green roof growing media support the most growth of Sedum, a proven extensive green roof plant genus; and (2) to determine which of four plant groups provides the most media coverage under extensive green roof conditions. Sedum growing in a granular growing media blend with higher organic matter and larger particles provided more coverage than Sedum growing in a medium with smaller particles with lower organic matter and an experimental foam medium. Sedges covered the soil faster than Sedum, grasses, and Mediterranean species. These results will help green roof designers and landscape architects anticipate the plant growth rates during the first 36 weeks of new projects and choose more effective growing media blends. They can also observe the growth patterns of the plant groups to choose plant material that will achieve the functional objectives of a green roof more efficiently. These results are applicable to green roofs designed for moderate California coastal climates and regions with similar weather conditions.

Submitted by Maike Costa (maiksebas@gmail.com) on 2016-01-05T13:09:41Z No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 9544233 bytes, checksum: 67a4854cf3a43adf8a531c196cbfb7d2 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-05T13:09:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 9544233 bytes, checksum: 67a4854cf3a43adf8a531c196cbfb7d2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-31 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Green areas of the city are occupied increasingly by buildings and waterproofing floors, and this implies lower quality in urban environments, since the effect of vegetation in these areas goes far beyond the landscape, it is responsible for purification air, moisture maintenance, thermal equilibrium, among other benefits. Given the lack of green space, and knowing that the roofs are in a significant percentage of impermeable areas, it is defended here the use of vegetated roofs, in order to increase the green of the cities and enjoy its benefits. An extensive green roof modular technology developed on a pre-molded cement, which uses the residue of footwear (EVA) was investigated here, from its conception to its evaluation. In the methodological procedures the following milestones have been met: module design (called block TEVA) and from mold to manufacture, experimental moldings with definition of proportions among the cementitious composite materials, green roof systems simulations, the modular system installation in real scale for plant development monitoring, and prototype scale to evaluate the thermal behavior and in four other types of coverage (exposed slab, ceramic roof, fiber cement roof, green roof with concrete blocks). Comparing the same prototypes, was also made an assessment of rainwater drained by different types of roof coverings. Based on the results it can be concluded that the module designed to be sometimes vegetated, sometimes be used as floor, has geometry, mechanical strength, lightness and water permeability suitable for the type of green roof proposed. The modules also allowed a good development of vegetation. A thermal evaluation confirmed that the green roof with TEVA modular blocks provided a better thermal balance and reduced indoor air temperature when compared with other types of coverage. The analysis of rainwater drained by different systems, modular green roof with TEVA block was also the one with the best performance, significantly reducing the volume of runoff. / As áreas verdes da cidade estão sendo ocupadas cada vez mais pelas edificações e impermeabilizações de pavimentos e isto implica em menor qualidade nos ambientes urbanos, uma vez que o efeito da vegetação nesses espaços vai muito além do paisagístico, sendo responsável pela purificação do ar, manutenção da umidade, equilíbrio térmico, entre outros benefícios. Diante da falta do espaço para o verde, e sabendo que os telhados constituem-se em uma porcentagem significativa das áreas impermeabilizadas, defende-se aqui a utilização dos telhados vegetados a fim de se aumentar o verde das cidades e aproveitar os seus benefícios. Uma tecnologia modular de telhado verde extensivo desenvolvida à base de um pré-moldado cimentício, que utiliza resíduo da indústria de calçado (EVA), foi investigada aqui desde sua concepção até a sua avaliação. Nos procedimentos metodológicos foram cumpridas as seguintes etapas: concepção do módulo (denominado bloco TEVA) e do molde para sua fabricação, moldagens experimentais com definição das proporções entre os materiais do compósito cimentício, simulações de sistemas de telhados verdes, instalação do sistema modular em escala real para acompanhamento do desenvolvimento vegetal, e em escala de protótipo para avaliação do comportamento térmico, comparado com quatro outros tipos de coberturas (laje exposta, telhado cerâmico, telhado de fibrocimento, telhado verde com blocos de concreto). Comparando os mesmos protótipos, também foi feita uma avaliação da água pluvial drenada pelos diferentes tipos de coberturas. Com base nos resultados pode-se concluir que o módulo idealizado para ora ser vegetado, ora ser utilizado como piso, tem geometria, resistência mecânica, leveza e permeabilidade à água satisfatórios para o tipo de telhado verde proposto. Os módulos também permitiram um bom desenvolvimento da vegetação. A avaliação térmica confirmou que o telhado verde modular com blocos TEVA promoveu um maior equilíbrio térmico e reduziu a temperatura do ar interno, quando comparado com os outros tipos de coberturas. Quanto à análise da água pluvial drenada por diferentes sistemas, o telhado verde modular com bloco TEVA também foi o que apresentou o melhor desempenho, diminuindo significativamente o volume da água escoada.

The aim of my dissertation is to elaborate project of documentation for the execution of a new kindergarten. The building is designed as a sand-lime block Sendwix with concrete foundation strips. External walls are insulated by contact thermal insulation system. Ceiling are designed as a cast-in-place reinforced slabs. The roof is consists as a warm flat extensive green roof.

The diploma thesis is focused on project documentation of Meat packing plant. Along with meat processing the documentation solve question of accomodation for employees. Building consists of two main sections: The processing – it is structured under requierements of meat packing industry. Second one is residential part set in 2nd, 3rd and 4th floor. Main inspiration for design are meat packing plants in Scandinavian countries, where is often need to provide accomodation to employess because of disadvantageous geographic locality. Building is built of Heluz building system, perimeter walls consists of insulation filled blocks. Building is without basement and it is based on footings of plaint. The roof is flat, partially designed as extensive green roof. Isover system is used to thermal insulation. A part of object is also asphalted plain for transport goods to and from the meat packing plant.

My diploma thesis deals with newly-built cultural and educational centre in the city of Velké Bílovice. The project is conducted at the level of documentation for construction. Building has the Z-shaped construction plan and contains a basement with two common floors. Cultural and educational centre is based on the basement walls of concrete formwork with concrete grout. The basement masonry is followed by concrete prefabricated skeleton with a lining of ceramic fittings of therm type. Horizontal structures are made of prestressed concrete panels Spiroll. The roof is flat with extensive greenery. The main entrance is oriented to the southwest side. Entryway to the lobby is through the hall where is access to all parts of the building. In the lobby there is a reception and main staircase with an elevator. Bar, library, reading room and an office adjoins the hall on the east side. On the west side there are sanitary facilities, dressing room and multipurpose hall. Technical facilities (including room of technology) are placed in the basement. Hall with gallery and sanitary facilities are situated in the central part of the second floor. House offices are functionally separated from the rest of the floor and located on the eastern side. There are also two lecture halls which can be combined into the one single hall on the west side of the building.

O uso telhados verdes oferece benefícios como: moderação dos valores da temperatura no interior de edificações e contenção temporária da água de chuva, limpeza de poluentes atmosféricos, além de favorecer aspectos ecológicos. Poucos estudos científicos foram realizados no sentido de adaptar as técnicas contemporâneas e a indicação de espécies apropriadas ao sistema de telhado verde extensivo, originadas de regiões de clima temperado para as condições dos climas tropicais. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi identificar espécies com potencial de uso em telhado verde em sistema extensivo, quantificando a reação das plantas à variação de diferentes profundidades de substrato, em situações limitadas de manutenção, no aspecto de irrigação e nutrição do solo. Procurou-se também registrar o comportamento térmico do solo, a fim de verificar a influência da vegetação no aquecimento da parte inferior do solo em relação a distintas profundidades de substrato. Os vegetais foram plantados em setembro de 2009 aplicados em 27 plataformas de teste. Foram cultivadas três espécies de plantas das famílias Fabaceae (Arachis repens Handro), Poaceae (Paspalum notatum Flügge) e Ruscacea (Ophiopogon japonicus (L.F. Ker Gawl)), sob três tratamentos de profundidades de substrato, 0.05, 0.075 e 0.10 m. Quantificou-se mensalmente a porcentagem de cobertura vegetal, crescimento vertical e de sobrevivência, com encerramento ao final de um ciclo anual. O comportamento térmico dos solos nos diferentes tratamentos foi registrado automaticamente por meio de sensores. Os resultados indicaram a espécie Ophiopogon japonicus, em solos de 0.10 m, como a que apresentou o melhor desempenho entre as três examinadas, seguida por Paspalum notatum. Todas as espécies cultivadas em solos de 0.10 m apresentaram resultados satisfatórios quanto a cobertura do solo, crescimento vertical e sobrevivência, em relação ao cultivo em profundidades menores de substrato. O cultivo em menor profundidade de solo (0.05 m) revelou baixo valor de sobrevivência para todas as espécies durante o período de poucas chuvas. O crescimento vertical foi satisfatório para todas as espécies analisadas, dispensando manutenção com poda regular. Os resultados de comportamento térmico indicaram melhor desempenho de solos à profundidade de 0.10 m, independente do tipo de planta cultivado. Concluiu-se que solos de menor espessura são mais dependentes de cobertura vegetal para minimizar seu aquecimento e que os solos de maior espessura o fazem com menor dependência da vegetação. O melhor desempenho térmico foi observado em solos de 0.10 m, em relação às profundidades menores, embora não variasse seu comportamento térmico significativamente com o cultivo das três diferentes espécies de plantas, referente aos valores de cobertura atingidos neste experimento. / The uses of green roofs provide benefits such as moderation of the temperature inside buildings, temporary containment of rainwater, cleaning of air pollutants, in addition to promoting ecological aspects. Few scientific studies have been conducted to adapt contemporary techniques and indication of appropriate species for extensive green roof system, originated from temperate regions to the conditions of tropical climates. The objective of this research was to identify species with potential for use in green roof in the extensive system, quantifying the response of plants to variation of different depths of substrate, in limited situations of maintenance in respect of irrigation and soil nutrition. Was searched register the thermal behavior of soil in order to determine the influence of vegetation on the warming of the lower soil depths for different substrates. The plants were planted in september 2009, applied in 27 platforms. There were three species of cultivated plants of the families Fabaceae (Arachis repens Handro), Poaceae (Paspalum notatum Flügge) and Ruscacea (Ophiopogon japonicus (L.F.) Ker Gawl) under three treatments of substrate depths, 0.05, 0.075 and 0.10 m. Was quantified the percentage of monthly vegetation cover, vertical growth and survival, with closing at the end of an annual cycle. The thermal behavior of soils under different treatments was recorded using sensors. The results indicated that Ophiopogon japonicus in 0.10 m soils, showed the best performance among the three examined. All species grown in 0.10 m of soils had been satisfactory results of soil cover, vertical growth and survival in relation to culture in shallower substrate. The species Arachis repens showed the highest sensitivity to the depth and water stress during the autumn and winter, requiring more necessity of maintenance. Cultivation in shallower soil (0.05 m) showed low survival value for all species during the short rains. The vertical growth was satisfactory for all species analyzed, of which the greatest height reached was Ophiopogon japonicus without requiring regular maintenance pruning. The results indicated better performance thermal behavior of soil to a depth of 0.10 m, regardless of the type of plant grown. It was concluded that soils of lesser thickness are dependent on vegetation cover to minimize your heating, and the soils with more thickness are less dependence on the vegetation. The best thermal performance was observed in soils of 0.10 m compared to shallower depths, but did not vary significantly its thermal behavior with the cultivation of three different species of plants, referring to amounts of coverage achieved in this experiment.