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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Sustained acidosis and phenylephrine activate the myocardial Na+/H+ exchanger through phosphorylation of Ser770 and Ser771

Coccaro, Ersilia 06 1900 (has links)
The mammalian Na+/H+ exchanger isoform 1 (NHE1) is a ubiquitously expressed membrane protein that regulates myocardial intracellular pH. Inhibition of NHE1 prevents hypertrophy and reduces ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in animal models. To understand the regulation of NHE1 in the myocardium by phosphorylation we constructed adenoviruses, which express wild type or mutant cDNA for NHE1. Additionally, wild type and mutant NHE1 had mutations Leu163Phe/Gly174Ser, which increases NHE1 resistance to EMD87580 (NHE1 inhibitor) by 100-fold. This allowed measurement of exogenous NHE1 activity while inhibiting endogenous NHE1 activity. We examined the effects of a series of mutations of phosphorylation sites in the cytosolic domain of NHE1. Sustained intracellular acidosis and phenylephrine caused an ERK-dependent activation of NHE1 activity and phosphorylation levels. We demonstrated that amino acids Ser770 and Ser771 were essential for activation of NHE1 activity in isolated rat cardiomyocytes by sustained intracellular acidosis and phenylephrine. Furthermore, mutation of Ser770 and Ser771 to Ala prevented increased NHE1 phosphorylation by sustained intracellular acidosis and phenylephrine. This was found to occur in an ERK-dependent manner. Taken together, our results demonstrate that both sustained intracellular acidosis and phenylephrine rapidly activate the NHE1 protein in isolated cardiac cells via an ERK-dependent pathway that acts on the common amino acids Ser770 and Ser771 of the C-terminal tail of NHE1.
2

Sustained acidosis and phenylephrine activate the myocardial Na+/H+ exchanger through phosphorylation of Ser770 and Ser771

Coccaro, Ersilia Unknown Date
No description available.
3

Dynamique et mécanismes moléculaires de la plasticité structurale des neurones du noyau Accumbens en réponse à la cocaïne / Dynamics and molecular mechanisms of the cocaine-induced structural plasticity of nucleus Accumbens neurons

Dos Santos, Marc 04 October 2016 (has links)
Les événements vécus peuvent laisser une trace durable au niveau des réseaux cérébraux. Ces réseaux sont constitués de neurones connectés par des synapses, dont l'efficacité de transmission est régulée sur le plan fonctionnel et structural. Les drogues d'abus détournent les circuits neuronaux impliqués dans l'apprentissage régulé par la récompense, induisant une plasticité des neurones striataux de projection (SPN) du noyau Accumbens (NAc), notamment via l'activation de la voie de signalisation Extracellular Regulated Kinase (ERK) et l'augmentation de la densité en épines dendritiques -qui sont les protrusions portant l'élément post-synaptique glutamatergique-. L'objectif de ma thèse était d'étudier l'impact de l'exposition répétée ou unique à la cocaïne sur le mode formation des synapses des SPN du NAc et d'élucider les rôles précis de la voie ERK dans ce phénomène. J'ai pu montrer qu'une ou plusieurs injections de cocaïne chez la souris induisaient la formation de synapses glutamatergiques persistantes au sein des SPN in vivo. Par des expériences d'imagerie en temps-réel sur tranches striatales, j'ai dissocié les phases de pousse et de stabilisation de nouvelles épines dendritiques. J'ai pu mettre en évidence que la voie ERK joue un rôle prépondérant dans ces deux phases via des processus moléculaires distincts. Ainsi, la phase de pousse des épines est directement régulée par ERK, tandis que le maintien est régulé par MNK-1, une kinase cytoplasmique en aval de ERK, et par la synthèse protéique. Ce travail apporte des données nouvelles sur le mode de formation de ces synapses et les mécanismes moléculaires associés. / Brief life occurrences can leave durable changes at the level of neuronal networks. These networks consist of neurons connected by synapses, which transmission efficacy is regulated at the functional and structural levels. Drugs of abuse highjack neuronal circuits involved in reward-driven learning by activating the Extracellular Regulated Kinase (ERK) pathway and induce an increase in the dendritic spines density –protrusions which host the glutamatergic pre-synaptic element- of SPN. The goal of my thesis work was to study the consequences of acute and chronic cocaine exposures on the mode of synapse formation in SPN from the NAc and to decipher the precise roles of ERK pathway in this phenomenon. I demonstrated that acute and chronic cocaine treatments induced the formation of persisting glutamatergic synapses in SPN in vivo. Time-lapse imaging using two-photon microscopy in acute striatal slices allowed me to dissociate the phases of growth and stabilization of the new dendritic spines. I could indeed demonstrate a key role for ERK in those two phases, although through distinct molecular mechanisms. Firstly, the growth phase is dependent on ERK. Secondly, the stabilization of newly grown spines is controlled by MNK-1, a cytosolic kinase downstream ERK, and by protein synthesis. This work brings new results on the mode of synapse formation as well as on the associated molecular mechanisms.
4

The F-box protein FBW7 negatively regulates the stability of ERK3 protein

Walters, Nicole 18 August 2021 (has links)
No description available.

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