Cette thèse porte sur l’étude numérique et expérimentale de l’utilisation de métamatériaux pour le contrôle des ondes à la surface de l’eau. Dans la première partie, nous avons montré comment focaliser les ondes à la surface de l’eau en utilisant une analogie existant avec des métamatériaux électromagnétiques de permittivité diélectrique quasi nulle qualifiés de ”epsilon-near-zero”. Cela a permis d’adapter le motif de phase à l’interface circulaire entre deux domaines présentant un contraste élevé de profondeur d’eau. L’analogie a donné lieu a un comportement fortement non linéaire des ondes, qui se manifeste par la génération d’une cascade de points focaux associés à des sous-multiples de longueurs d’onde par rapport à l’onde incidente. La deuxième application envisagée des métamatériaux pour les ondes à la surface est de rendre invisible les défauts géométriques d’un guide pour un observateur situé en champ lointain. Dans le premier projet lié au cloaking, des guides d’onde possédant différentes sections transverses ont été analysés. L’efficacité de la bathymétrie, donnée par la cartographie conformationnelle, a été evaluée numériquement en termes de propriétés de diffusion. Dans le second projet, nous avons montré numériquement comment rendre invisible un cylindre qui est décalé de l’axe d’un guide d’onde. Utiliser une bathymétrie de cloaking lisse autour du cylindre permet de reduire de manière significative la dispersion dans une large gamme de frequences. Des experiences réalisées avec des bathymétries conformes aux simulations ont confirmé une augmentation de la transmission par rapport à un scenario de référence avec fond plat. / This thesis presents numerical and experimental results concerning usage of metamaterials for water waves control. Two applications were considered. Firstly, we showed how to focus water waves using analogy to a group of metamaterials called epsilon-near-zero. This allowed to tailor phase pattern at the circular interface between two domains with high contrast in water depth. The analogy resulted in highly nonlinear behaviour of waves, manifested by sub-wavelength cascade of focal spots with respect to the incident wave. The second considered application of metamaterials for water waves was hiding (cloaking) defects in a waveguide from the far-field observer. In the first project, related to cloaking, waveguide with varying cross-sections was analyzed. The efficiency of bathymetry, rendered by conformal mapping, was evaluated in terms of scattering properties. The influence of water waves dispersivity on the cancellation of scattering was also determined. Cloaking properties of the obtained bathymetry were experimentally confirmed using a wave packet characterized by broadband spectrum. In the second project, we showed how to cloak a cylinder that is shifted from the centreline of a waveguide. Smooth cloaking bathymetry surrounding a cylinder was able to significantly reduce the scattering in broad range of frequencies. The experimental counterparts confirmed increase in transmission with respect to a reference case with flat bathymetry. The remainder of the thesis presents novel method for the analysis of fringe profilometry images. Performance of the new method was compared to the Fourier Transform Profilometry. We obtained significant enhancement in spectral capabilities.

Focusing events are sudden, rare events that become known to policymakers and the public simultaneously, highlighting issues with existing public policy. Two case studies, the gas leak from the Aliso Canyon natural gas storage facility near Porter Ranch, and the publication of the Health Risk Assessment and discovery of lead contamination from Exide Technologies’ battery recycling facility in Vernon, are used to deepen theoretical insights into the development and functionality of industrial health crises as focusing events. The case studies suggest four key areas relevant to understanding focusing events. The first is the unique characteristics of industrial health crises, which often involve anthropogenic risks and a degree of contestation unusual in other focusing event literature. The second is the scale of analysis, balancing geospatial realities with local histories, broad social dynamics and power structures, and the multiscalar nature of policy change. Third, community activism plays multiple vital roles in pushing a potential focusing event towards lasting policy change. Finally, the incorporation of ideas from environmental justice into the focusing event framework results in a better understanding of power and privilege in the creation of, and response to, industrial health crises. All four aspects have been written about in other bodies of literature, but have not yet been brought to bear on the concept of focusing events. These four domains thus add nuance to the scholarly understanding of one aspect of the policy change process, and provide a starting point for further research into the processes governing our public policy systems.

The aim of this work is to realize and test a prototype portable source for induction heating of small parts. The project contains a theoretical basis of resonant circuits and induction heating. The device design is based on simulation results from the FEMM program, with which a focussing coil for induction heating has been designed. The parts of the thesis are the realization of the designed device, its putting into operation and the programming of the control.

With arrival of affordable digital technology we are increasingly coming into contact with digital images. Cameras are no longer dedicated devices, but part of almost every mobile phone, PDA and laptop. This paper discusses methods for enhancing quality of digital images with focus on removing noise, creating high dynamic range (HDR) images and extending depth of field (DOF). It contains familiarization with technical means for acquiring digital image, explains origin of image noise. Further attention is drawn to HDR, from explaining the term, physical basis, difference between HDR sensing and HDR displaying, to survey and historical development of methods dealing with creating HDR images. The next part is explaining DOF when displaying, physical basis of this phenomenon and review of methods used for DOF extension. The paper mentions problem of acquiring images needed for solving given tasks and designs method for acquiring images. Using it a database of test images for each task was created. Part of the paper also deals with design of a program, that implements discussed methods, for solving the given tasks. With help of proposed class imgmap, quality of output images is improved, by modifying maps of input images. The paper describes methods, improvements, means of setting parameters and their effects on algorithms and control of program using proposed GUI. Finally, comparison with free software for extending DOF takes place. The proposed software provides at least comparable results, the correct setting of parameters for specific cases allows to achieve better properties of the resulting image. Time requirements of image processing are worse because designed software was not optimised.

This thesis deals with electronic focusing of ultrasonic probes. There is theoretically described, what is the electronic focusing. Further, there are calculations that are used to achieve focusing. These calculations are then implemented into the algorithm that was developed in Matlab. The paper also contains the simulation conducted using the proposed algorithm and the GUI. These simulations are then compared with characteristics measured on a real ultrasound probe.

A thorough description of the testing of a saddle-field ion source is presented in the diploma thesis. The most important experimental results, such as Faraday cup measurements of the ion beam current profile and of the ion energy spectra, are included. Based on these results it is shown that the optimized ion source works correctly and according to the expectations. At the end of the thesis, the development of the ion-optical and construction design of the focusing optics is described. The manufactured optics assembly attached to the ion source is also shown.

The thesis deals with the optimization of process parameters in the oxidative laser cutting of structural 20 mm thick steel with regard to the type of material, the resulting roughness of the cut and the resulting price of the product. In line with the literary study and the Taguchi method, an experiment was developed. The cutting speed, laser performance, cutting gas pressure, and focal position were controlled during the experiment. Sample sets were cut with 7.5" and 10" focusing lens from the TATA STEEL S355MC and SSAB LASER 355 MC steels. According to ČSN EN ISO 9013, the samples were evaluated for roughness. Then micro and macro structures were evaluated, and compare the hardness according to Vickers. In conclusion, technical and economic evaluation was determined.

<p>Advancements in 3D printing technology have provided (1) easy access to low-cost, open- source robotics, and (2) a fast fabrication technique for analytical devices among others. Using the robotics of a 3D printer, a mass spectrometry-based reaction screening device was built as a low- cost, modest throughput alternative to expensive, very fast systems. Using the 3D printer for fabrication, ion mobility devices were fabricated. Fundamental studies of the motion of ions in these devices were performed in addition to applications of ion mobility-mass spectrometry using a 3D printed drift tube ion mobility spectrometer.</p><p><br></p><p>With only simple modification, 3D printer kits provide nearly all the necessary parts for a functional reaction screening device. Replacing the hotend assembly with custom parts to hold a syringe, precise volumes of reaction mixtures can be dispensed, and high voltage applied to the needle for direct analysis of solutions by mass spectrometry. Direct analysis of reaction mixtures in a 96-well microtiter plates was completed in approximately 105 minutes (~65 seconds per reaction mixture, including washing of syringe). Following analysis, product distributions derived from the electrospray mass spectra were represented as heatmaps and optimum reaction conditions were determined. Using low-cost, open-source hardware, a modest throughput for reaction screening could be achieved using electrospray ionization mass spectrometry.</p><p><br></p><p>The manipulation of ions at reduced pressures is very well understood, whereas the efficient manipulation of ions at atmospheric pressure is far less understood. Using 3D printing, multiple iterations of atmospheric pressure drift tube ion mobility spectrometers were fabricated with one and two turns in the drift path. Optimum electrode geometries for ion transmission and resolution were determined by both simulation and experiment. Racetrack effects, where ions on the inside of turns have a shorter path than ions on the outside, were determined to be highly detrimental to resolving power. Drift tubes with two turns in opposite directions (a chicane) corrected for racetrack effects and had only marginally poorer resolving power than a straight drift tube. Additionally, ion intensities were nearly identical between optimized straight and turned ion paths, showing that these manipulations can be done with high efficiency. The focusing of ions at reduced pressure using RF ion funnels at reduced pressure can have nearly 100 percent transmission. At atmospheric pressure, RF fields are not nearly as efficient at focusing ions. By using non-uniform DC fields at atmospheric pressure, ions can be focused, but not nearly to the extent as at reduced pressure.</p><p><br></p><div><div><div><p>The coupling of atmospheric pressure drift tube ion mobility with ion trap mass spectrometry is inefficient due to the mismatch in duty cycle between the two instruments. For this reason, increasing the amount of data collected from a single experiment is of high importance. Fourier transform ion mobility increases the duty cycle from less than 1% to 25%. When ions are fragmented in the mass spectrometer, they maintain the frequency characteristic of the precursor. Therefore, ions can be fragmented without isolation in the ion trap (reducing duty cycle further) and related precursors and product ions identified through their drift time. Two-dimensional tandem mass spectrometry is a method to collect all tandem mass spectrometry information in a single scan. When coupled with ion mobility, this data can be used to generate functional group- specific ion mobility spectra where ion intensity is measured along a precursor or neutral loss scan line. This was demonstrated for a lipid sample in which head-group specific ion mobility spectra were obtained using head-group specific precursor and neutral loss scan lines.</p></div></div></div>

Title: Silently listen to one's own being: Relationship of bodily sensations and sense in the early philosophy of M. Heidegger Author: Bc. Filip Žitník Department: Department of general anthropology, FHS - UK Supervisor: Mgr. Ing. arch. Marie Pětová, Ph.D. Abstract: Master thesis Silently listen to one's own being: Relationship of bodily sensations and sense in the early philosophy of M. Heidegger deals with the question of possibility of discussing the motive of body and bodily sensations within the framework of M. Heidegger's fundamental ontology and finding a relationship between bodily sensations and sense within this conception. The first part of the thesis demonstrates through the exposition of worldhood as the existential trait of Dasein that Dasein as ,being in the world' is necessarily bodily being, otherwise the world which is the whole of references would disintegrate. The second part reveals the necessity to conceive the bodily sensations in relation to state-of-mind (Befindlichkheit) as a fundamental trait of this being and not as the mere concomitant phenomenon. Thus the bodily sensation is via state-of-mind (Befindlichkheit) co-constitutive trait of original phenomenon "there" which is in its nature a temporal unity of the traits state-of mind, speech and understanding. In this way the bodily...

With the increased demands of therapeutic proteins, there is going to be a need for new purification technologies which have high throughput, high yield and high resolution. Three purification technologies were explored as potential new technology to isolate recombinant and endogenous milk proteins: Expanded bed adsorption chromatography(EBAC) combined with hydrophobic interaction chromatography(HIC), Recycle continuous flow electrophoresis(RCFE) and Free flow isoelectric focusing(FFIEF). The first process(EBAC/HIC) used with Zn2+ as a selective precipitating agent, purified recombinant human protein C(rhPC) and IgG(contaminated with less than 1% IgA) from swine milk with high resolution and high yield while processing about 10-20 grams in a single operation. The second process(RCFE) was able to isolate the active sub-populations of rhPC from major milk contaminants( - and -pig casein) as wells as from the inactive sub-populations of rhPC. RCFE was able to process 1.5g total protein per hour on a small scale and is currently being researched to process 1kg total protein per hour. The third and final purification process(FFIEF) sub-fractionated 100mg of immuno-purified rhPC into 50 fractions. The FFIEF was able to produce a linear pH gradient over the range of 3-10 using 2% ampholytes. The fractionated rhPC showed differing degrees of activity that resulted from the -carboxylated glutamic acids and the sialic acids. / Ph. D.