Thesis (Ph. D.) -- Lincoln University, 2006.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Montana, 2007. / Title from title screen. Description based on contents viewed Aug. 17, 2007. Includes bibliographical references (p. 113-120).

Thesis (MPhil)--University of Stellenbosch, 2001. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The aim and function of this paper is to provide a balanced account of how the media, international and South African, have dealt with the issue of genetically modified organisms (GMOs). A selection of interviews, presentations, articles, transcripts and published reports forms the background of this interpretation, and offers insight into the history of the technology, the major role players, the legislation required and implemented, the question of environmental accountability, and the power of the media's influence. It addresses aspects of the causal relationship between the media and public understanding, and the subsequent power of the consumer as manifested by the perception of risk. The central theme of genetic engineering conjures up a variety of meanings and applications, and the plethora of available information is evaluated in an attempt to develop informed understanding for reporters covering the many dimensions of this development within the arena of science and technology. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doel van hierdie verhandeling is om 'n ewewigtige oorsig te verstrek van hoe die media - Suid-Afrikaans sowel as internasionaal - die kwessie van geneties gemodifiseerde organismes gehanteer het. 'n Seleksie onderhoude, aanbiedinge, artikels, transkripsies, en gepubliseerde verslae vorm die basis van hierdie interpretasie, en verskaf 'n insig in die geskiedenis van die tegnologie, die belangrike rolspelers, nodige en géimplementeerde wetgewing, die vraag van omgewingstoerekenbaarheid, en die mag van die media se invloed. Dit spreek aspekte aan van die kousale verwantskap tussen die media en begrip deur die algemene publiek, en die daaropvolgende mag van die verbruiker, soos dit duidelik word in hulle insig in en begrip van die risiko-faktor. Die sentrale tema van genetiese modifisering bring te voorskyn 'n verskeidenheid betekenisse en aanwendings; en 'n oorsig van die massa beskikbare inligting word hier aangebied in 'n poging om aan verslaggewers ingeligte begrip aan te bied van die veelsydige omvang van die ontwikkeling van genetiese modifisering in die gebied van wetenskap en tegnologie.

En nuestros días, la alimentación ya no se basa sólo en lo que cocinamos, sino también en lo que ingerimos como complementos. Vivimos invadidos por una gran variedad de productos: vitaminas, aminoácidos, extractos vegetales, omega-3, etc. En el presente trabajo aclaramos algunos conceptos importantes, tales como nutracéuticos, alimentos funcionales y alimentos fortificados, así como la forma de producirlos. / Nowadays, nutrition is not only based on what we cook, but also in what we take as supplements. Many products have invaded us: vitamins, aminoacids, vegetal extracts, omega-3, etc.  In this work we explain some important concepts such as nutraceuticals, functional and fortified foods, and also the way these products are made.

Orientador: Jorge Herman Behrens / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-27T12:04:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ribeiro_TatianeGodoy_M.pdf: 2754332 bytes, checksum: 78f977788653152f817e74560614ee81 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015 / Resumo: O Brasil é um dos maiores produtores mundiais de alimentos transgênicos, porém faltam pesquisas que avaliem de forma mais profunda a opinião pública sobre o tema. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar a percepção do consumidor brasileiro sobre o uso de engenharia genética na produção de alimentos sob uma perspectiva de pesquisa quali-quantitativa. Inicialmente foram realizadas entrevistas com 48 consumidores na cidade de Campinas,SP, e os resultados mostraram que, de forma geral, há desconhecimento sobre os fundamentos científicos da biotecnologia moderna, bem como da sua finalidade na produção de alimentos. Os respondentes mostraram-se mais favoráveis à aplicação de engenharia genética aos produtos de origem vegetal e àqueles produzidos com uso de micro-organismos, em detrimento dos produtos de origem animal, notadamente a carne. Benefícios, tais como aumento de produtividade, melhoria de qualidade e possível redução do preço dos alimentos mostraram-se como motivadores do consumo. Por outro lado, há desconfiança justificada pelo risco de efeitos adversos à saúde e também ao meio ambiente, sobretudo em longo prazo. Três segmentos de consumidores foram identificados, quais sejam, os de atitude positiva em relação ao uso da engenharia genética na produção de alimentos, os de atitude negativa e os de atitude neutra a positiva. No segundo momento da pesquisa, avaliou-se a intenção de compra de alimentos produzidos por biotecnologia moderna por 55 consumidores combinando-se três fatores: tipo de alimento (de origem animal, vegetal ou produzido por processo microbiológico), denominação ("organismo geneticamente modificado" ou "transgênico") e benefícios (à saúde, ao meio ambiente ou nenhum benefício). A Análise de Conglomerados associada à Análise Conjunta demonstrou que, 1) produtos de origem animal são preferidos em comparação aos de origem vegetal ou produzidos por ação de micro-organismos, 2) a denominação "organismo geneticamente modificado" é preferida à "transgênico" e, finalmente, 3) benefícios à saúde ou ao meio ambiente são menos importantes e úteis na intenção de compra. Como conclusão, este estudo aponta a necessidade de estratégia de comunicação à população sobre os fundamentos, os possíveis benefícios e os riscos da engenharia genética de forma a promover o debate social e escolha consciente dos consumidores brasileiros em relação aos alimentos produzidos com tecnologias associadas / Abstract: Although Brazil is one of the world's largest producers of transgenic food, there are few studies assessing local public opinion on the subject. The aim of this work was to study the perception of Brazilian consumers about the use of genetic engineering on food production using a quali-quantitative research perspective. Firstly, 48 consumers were interviewed in the city Campinas, SP, and the results showed that, in general, lack of knowledge about the scientific fundamentals of modern biotechnology and its purposes on food production. The respondents showed to be more favorable to the application of genetic engineering on plants and and food produced by microbiological process, than on animal origin products, especially meat. Benefits, such as increased productivity, improved quality and possible price reduction appeared as the main drivers of consumption. On the other hand, it seems to be distrust justified by the risk of adverse effects on health and also to the environment, particularly in the long term. Three consumer clusters were identified: one showing positive attitude; another one with negative attitude; and a third group of consumer showing neutral to positive attitude towards the use of genetic engineering in food production. In the second part of the study, a conjoint study with 55 consumers was performed in order to assess the purchase intention of concepts of foods produced by modern biotechnology. Concepts were defined by combining three factors: type of food (animal, plant or produced by microbiological process), name ("genetically modified organism" or "transgenic") and benefits (to the health, to the environment or no benefit stated). Cluster Analysis associated with Conjoint Analysis showed that: 1) animal products are preferred in comparison to plants or food produced by microbiological process, 2) the name "genetically modified organism" is preferred to the "transgenic" and finally, 3) benefits to health or to the environment are less important in the purchase intention. In conclusion, this study indicates the need of a communication strategy to inform the Brazilian population about the fundamentals and the possible benefits and risks of genetic engineering in order to promote a social debate and more conscious choice by local consumers regarding food produced with associated technologies / Mestrado / Consumo e Qualidade de Alimentos / Mestra em Alimentos e Nutrição

Thesis (M. Com. (Business Management)) -- University of Limpopo, 2021 / The trend towards healthy eating has been gradually growing in South Africa. Health consciousness has become more apparent with customers not only wanting to consume quick and convenient meals, but also meals that are nutritionally beneficial. Although fast-food outlets have risen to the occasion by providing for this demand, there are few studies in South Africa that focus on strategic guidelines for fast-food outlets to enable strategic planning for achieving customer satisfaction and the increase in profits with healthier food options on the menu. The purpose of this study was to explore strategic guidelines for customer satisfaction with healthier diet menu items in fast-food franchising outlets in South Africa. An extensive literature review was conducted on the South African fast-food industry and customer satisfaction. The study followed a quantitative method approach, and 400 respondents were selected using the convenience sampling method. An empirical study was conducted in which data was collected from 329 customers of fast-food outlets within the Capricorn Municipality, South Africa by means of self-administered questionnaires. The findings of this study reveal that there is a general level of satisfaction amongst South African customers with the healthier food options available at fast-food outlets with areas of improvement for price, convenience and atmosphere pertaining to healthier diet meals. The study made recommendations on a variety of healthy menu items, interaction between managers and customers, price and value, extended service hours, safe parking and walking distance, cleanliness, staff appearance and dining-in feeling and provided a model on Strategic Sustainable Growth as a guideline to increasing customer satisfaction with healthier diet menu items.

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Reconhecendo-se a susceptibilidade do camarão à autólise e à decomposição microbiana, a presente pesquisa teve como objetivo avaliar a influência de diferentes doses de radiação gama na qualidade da carne, sob os aspectos microbiológicos, físicoquímicos e sensoriais durante o armazenamento sob refrigeração do camarão-brancodo- pacífico (Litopenaeus vannamei). As amostras foram constituídas de camarões in natura, sem o cefalotórax, acondicionados em bandejas de poliestireno, embalados em filme plástico flexível e submetidos a diferentes doses de radiação gama (1,0 e 3,5 kGy), sendo que estas foram mantidas sob refrigeração (5ºC ± 1ºC) e analisadas no 1º, 7º, 14º e 21º dias de armazenamento. Foram realizadas análises microbiológicas (Staphylococcus coagulase positiva, Salmonella ssp, Coliformes totais e termotolerantes, microrganismos psicrotróficos e mesófilos), e testes físico-químicos: bases nitrogenadas voláteis totais (BNVT), pH, nitrogênio não protéico (NNP), análise de TBARS - substâncias reativas ao ácido tiobarbitúrico (TBA) e trimetilamina (TMA), além de determinações de colesterol e composição centesimal. Foram realizadas análises para cor (instrumental) e para aceitabilidade (hedônico), visando à determinação da qualidade sensorial do camarão (submetido à cocção) durante o período de armazenamento. Verificou-se que o processo de irradiação reduziu a população bacteriana inicial e após o armazenamento as amostras irradiadas apresentaram-se dentro dos padrões previstos pela legislação brasileira (BRASIL, 2005b). Já as amostras não irradiadas, após o 7º dia de armazenamento, estavam impróprias para o consumo por extrapolarem o limite estabelecido para Staphylococcus. Foram encontrados valores de 6,05 a 6,39 para pH; 19,47 a 80,84 mg/100g para BNVT; 2,61 a 12,85 mg/100g para TMA; 0,22 a 1,20 mg de malonaldeído/1000g para TBA e 53,09 a 134,81 mg/100g para colesterol. As amostras irradiadas mantiveram-se estáveis durante o período de armazenamento, o que não ocorreu nas amostras não irradiadas, quanto ao pH, índices de BNVT e TMA. A irradiação resultou na redução do teor de colesterol e valores de TBA nos diferentes tempos avaliados. Não houve diferença (p <=0,05) para cor instrumental no primeiro dia de armazenamento, em relação a amostras não irradiadas e irradiadas com 3,5 kGy. Não foram detectadas diferenças estatísticas (p <= 0,05) no aspecto sensorial entre amostras irradiadas e não irradiadas no 1º dia de armazenamento. As amostras não irradiadas foram rejeitadas sensorialmente a partir do 7º dia de armazenamento, enquanto que as amostras irradiadas com 1 kGy foram aceitas até o 14º dia. As amostras irradiadas com 3,5 kGy mantiveram-se com aroma e aparência adequados até o final do experimento. Concluiu-se que o uso da radiação gama, especialmente a dose de 3,5 kGy, proporcionou maior estabilidade físico-química e segurança microbiológica durante o armazenamento, em relação ao produto refrigerado convencional, sem ocasionar alteração na qualidade sensorial do camarão. A radiação gama assegurou maior vida útil ao camarão refrigerado, atingindo 21 dias de armazenamento, sendo, portanto, um coadjuvante recomendável. / Taking into account shrimp susceptibility to autolise and bacterial decomposition, this study aimed to evaluate the different gamma irradiation dosis influence over meat quality related to microbiological, physical-chemical, nutritional and sensorial aspects, during cold storage of the white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). Samples were taken from fresh shrimps without cephalothoraxes, settled into poliestirene trays, packed with flexible plastic film and submitted to different dosis of gamma irradiation (1.0 and 3.5 kGy). Samples were kept under refrigeration (5ºC 1ºC) and analyzed at the 1st, 7th 14th and 21st day of storage. Microbiological analyzes were realized (Coagulase-positive Staphylococcus, Salmonella ssp, coliforms, psychrotrophic and mesophilic population), and physical-chemical and tests (Total volatile bases (TVNB), pH, non proteic nitrogen (NNP), TBARS analysis - reactive substances to tiobarbituric acid (TBA), trimetilamine (TMA) cholesterol teor and proximate composition). Instrumental color test were realized and hedonic test was taken to determine cooked products sensorial quality during storing period. It was noticed that the irradiation process reduced bacterial population and during storage all the irradiated samples were under the patterns established by the Brazilian legislation (BRAZIL, 2005a). Non-irradiated samples were inappropriate for consumption after one week of storage, since they were over Staphylococcus established limits. The pH values ranged from 6.05 to 6.39; 19.47 to 80.84 mg.100g-1 for TVNB; 2.61 to 12.85 mg.100g-1 for TMA-N; 0.22 a 1.20 mg of malonaldeide.1000g-1 for TBA and 53.09 to 134.81 mg.100g-1 for cholesterol concentrations. Irradiated samples kept more stability during storage period when compared to non-irradiated samples, regarding to pH, TVNB and TMA levels. Samples irradiation resulted into cholesterol and TBA values reduction at different evaluated moments. No significant differences (p <= 0.05) were found in terms of instrumental color during the first day of storing when compared to the non-irradiated samples and to the 3.5 kGy irradiated ones. Statistical differences were not found (p <= 0.05) between non-irradiated and irradiated samples within the first day of sensorial analysis. Non-irradiated samples were rejected on the sensorial test after the 7th day of storage, while the 1kGy irradiated samples were accepted until the 14th day. Samples irirradiated with 3.5 kGy kept viability in terms off flavour and aspect until the end of the experiment. When compared to conventional refrigerated product, the gamma-irradiation technique, (especially the 3.5 kGy dosis) provided a higher stability related to physicalchemical properties and microbiological safety during storage. No differences on the sensorial shrimp quality were found. Through gamma irradiation, we obtained a product with minimal procedure modifications, with enhanced shelf life under refrigeration.