FundaÃÃo de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Cearà / Uma das prÃticas mais antigas no tratamento e na cura das enfermidades à sem dÃvida nenhuma, o uso dos produtos naturais, especialmente, os de origem vegetal. Atà o sÃculo XIX, os recursos terapÃuticos eram predominantemente constituÃdos pela utilizaÃÃo de partes das plantas e extratos vegetais. Com o avanÃo dos instrumentos cientÃficos e tecnolÃgicos se estabeleceu a tendÃncia de utilizaÃÃo das substÃncias ativas presentes nas plantas. Realizou-se a inve stigaÃÃo fitoquÃmica dos galhos e talos e das raÃzes de Macroptilium lathyroides. Esta espÃcie està inserida na subfamÃlia Papilionoideae da famÃlia Fabaceae. Do extrato em hexano dos talos e galhos foi isolada a mistura dos esterÃides sitosterol e estigmasterol (ML-1). Do extrato em hexano das raÃzes foram isolados a lasiodiplodina (ML-2) e a mistura dos esterÃides 6β-hidroxi-estigmast-4-en-3-ona e 6 β - hidroxi-estigmast-4,22-dien-3-ona (ML-3) e do extrato em acetato de etila das raÃzes foram isolados de-O-metil-lasiodiplodina (ML-4) e 4',5,7-triidroxiisoflavona (ML-5). Os compostos isolados foram identificados atravÃs dos mÃtodos espectroscÃpicos (IV, EM, RMN 1 H e RMN 13C), incluindo tÃcnicas bidimensionais (H MBC, HSQC e COSY) e comparaÃÃo com dados da literatura. Os extratos obtidos foram avaliados quanto à atividade larvicida sobre Aedes aegypti, mostrando-se, portanto, inativos. Este à o primeiro relato do estudo fitoquÃmico de Macroptilium lathyroides, bem como da investigaÃÃo da atividade larvicida dos extratos obtidos. / One of the oldest practices in the treatment a nd cure of diseases is undoubtedly the use of natural products, especially those of vegetable origin. Until the nineteenth century, the therapeutic resources were predominantly constituted by the use of plant parts and plant extracts. With the advancement of scientific and technological instruments that set the trend for the use of active substances in plants. In this work we present the phytochemical investigation of the branches and stems, and roots of Macroptilium lathyroides. This species is placed in the subfamily Papilionoideae of the Fabaceae family. The mixture of steroids sitosterol and stigmasterol (ML-1) was isolated from hexane extract of stems and branches. Lasiodiplodina (ML-2) and the mixture of steroid 6 β -hydroxy-4-stigmasta en-3-one and 6 β - hydroxy-4-stigmasta 4,22-dien-3-one (ML -3) were isolated from hexane extract of the roots and from the ethyl acetate extract of the roots were isolated de-O-methyl-lasiodiplodina (ML-4) and 4 ',5,7-triidroxiisoflavona (ML-5). The isolated compounds were identified by spectroscopic methods (IR, MS, 1H and 13C NMR), including two-dimensional techniques (HMBC, HSQC, COSY), and comparison with spectral data in the literature. The extracts were evaluated for larvicidal activity against Aedes aegypti, showing, therefore, inactive. This is the first report on the phytochemical study of Macroptilium lathyroides, as well as research larvicidal activity of the extracts.