published_or_final_version / Dentistry / Master / Master of Dental Surgery

published_or_final_version / abstract / Biochemistry / Master / Master of Philosophy

Orientador: Vania Celia Vieira de Siqueira / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-07T03:28:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Orellana_Bruno_D.pdf: 1212381 bytes, checksum: 0df23b3a77264dfd3193cdb1359694d1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Resumo: Com o objetivo de avaliar a utilização do seio frontal na determinação da maturidade esquelética, por meio da sua pneumatização, examinou-se longitudinalmente 16 jovens do sexo feminino, brasileiras, leucodermas, com idade de 11 a 14 anos, todas com maloclusão de Classe II 1ª divisão de Angle, submetidas ao tratamento ortodôntico prévio. Realizou-se duas radiografias da mão e punho e duas telerradiografias em norma lateral de cada jovem, ao início e ao final do tratamento ortodôntico ativo. Para a avaliação do desenvolvimento dos centros de ossificação da falange proximal do 3° dedo e da epífise distal do rádio, foi utilizado método descrito por Eklöf & Ringertz e para a avaliação da pneumatização do seio frontal observado nas telerradiografias obtidas em norma lateral, foi empregado o método de Ruf & Pancherz. As modificações de tamanho observadas nas radiografias ao início e ao término do tratamento foram mensuradas e submetidas à análise estatística, utilizando-se o teste t de Student para verificar as diferenças entre os dois momentos e o coeficiente de correlação de Pearson, para determinar o grau de relacionamento entre as variáveis. Em média, os seios frontais mediram 22,83 mm de altura, no início e 25,61 mm ao final e 8,39 mm de largura, no início e 8,87 mm ao final do tratamento ortodôntico. Os resultados revelaram que não ocorreu qualquer correlação estatisticamente significativa entre os seios frontais e os centros de ossificação, observados nas radiografias de mão e punho. Portanto a utilização do seio frontal na determinação da maturidade esquelética necessita da continuidade de pesquisas em outros tipos de amostra para que se possa validar definitivamente a eficácia deste método / Abstract: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the pneumatization of frontal sinus in cephalometric radiographs to determinate the skeletal maturation in 16 leucodermic female brazilian youngsters, aging from 11 to 14 years old, with Class II, first division Angle¿s malocclusion, who were orthodontically treated. Two cephalometric and two hand and wrist radiographs were taken from each patient at the beginning and ending of the active orthodontic treatment. The ossification centers development of the proximal phalanx of the third finger and the distal epiphysis of the radium were assessed by the Eklöf & Ringertz Method and the evaluation of the frontal sinus pneumatization was measured by the Ruf & Pancherz Method. The size changes found at the beginning and the ending of the orthodontic treatment were measured and submitted to statistical analysis, using the Student¿s test to verify the differences between the two stages, and the Pearson¿s correlation coefficient was employed to determine the relationship between the variables. The mean frontal sinus height was 22,83 mm at the beginning and 25,61 mm by the ending of the orthodontic treatment, and the mean frontal sinus width was 8,39 mm at beginning and 8,87 mm by the ending. The results did not show any statistical significant correlations between the frontal sinus and the hand and wrist ossification centers. Therefore, the use of frontal sinus to determine the skeletal maturity needs further research with other kinds of samples to definitely valuate the efficacy of the hereby employed method / Doutorado / Ortodontia / Doutor em Radiologia Odontológica

Orientador: Hercilio Martelli Junior / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-13T02:21:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Paranaiba_LiviaMarisRibeiro_M.pdf: 2553101 bytes, checksum: 6179ee67bbd1b06f25acf5159a38f58a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / Resumo: Mutações no gene do fator regulador de interferon 6 (IRF6) têm sido identificadas em afetados pela síndrome de van der Woude (SVW) e polimorfismos em IRF6 foram associados a pacientes com fissura labial e/ou palatina não-sindrômica (FL/PNS). A síndrome de van der Woude (SVW) é uma alteração craniofacial rara, autossômica dominante, caracterizada pela associação de fossetas em lábio inferior e fissura lábio-palatina (FL/P). A presença das fossetas labiais representa a manifestação clínica que distingue a SVW das FL/PNS. O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar mutações no gene IRF6 em membros de duas famílias brasileiras afetadas pela SVW e avaliar a freqüência do polimorfismo V274I (rs2235371) em indivíduos com FL/PNS. Membros das duas famílias, afetados e não afetados, foram analisados por seqüenciamento das regiões exônicas do gene IRF6 e as mutações foram confirmadas por digestão com enzima de restrição. O polimorfismo V274I em IRF6 foi analisado por PCR-RFLP (reação em cadeia da polimerase em associação com polimorfismo de comprimento de fragmento de restrição enzimática) em 241 pacientes com FL/PNS e em 126 indivíduos normais, utilizados como controle. Duas novas mutações foram identificadas nas famílias com SVW: uma mutação com alteração na matriz de leitura, resultante de uma deleção do nucleotídeo G na posição 520 de IRF6 (520delG) e uma mutação por substituição, resultante de uma troca de nucleotídeo T por A na posição 1135 do exon 8 (T1135A) de IRF6. As mutações foram ausentes em todos os indivíduos normais e nos pacientes com FL/PNS, confirmando assim, suas especificidades. Nas famílias afetadas. A presença do polimorfismo V274I foi identificada em 9,5% dos indivíduos do grupo de FL/PNS e em 10,3% dos voluntários do grupo controle. Os resultados deste estudo demonstram que mutações no gene IRF6 estão relacionadas com a etiologia da SVW, mas a presença do polimorfismo V274I não é um fator etiológico isolado para o desenvolvimento de FL/PNS / Abstract: Mutations in the interferon regulatory factor 6 (IRF6) gene have been identified in the patients with van der Woude syndrome (VWS) and polymorphisms at the IRF6 are associated with nonsyndromic cleft lip and/or palate (NSCL/P). VWS is a rare autosomal dominant craniofacial disorder characterized by lower lip pits and cleft lip and/or palate. The presence of the lip pits in the lower lip is the only clinical features distinguishing VWS from NSCL/P. The aim of this study was identified IRF6 mutations in the members of the 2 Brazilian families affected by VWS and to evaluate the frequency of the V274I polymorphism (rs2235371) in patients with NSCL/P. Members of the both families, affected and unaffected, were analyzed for sequencing of the IRF6-exonic region, and the mutations were confirmed by restriction enzyme digestion. The IRF6 V274I polymorphism was analyzed by PCR-RFLP (Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism-Polimerase Chain Reaction) in 241 patients with NSCL/P and in 126 control individuals. Two novel heterozygous mutations were identified in the families with VWS: a mutation with alteration in the codon-reading, resulting from a deletion of G at the nucleotide position 520 in the exon 6 (520delG), and a substitution mutation, resulting from a change of the single nucleotide T to A at position 1135 in exon 8 (T1135A) of the IRF6. The mutations were absent in all healthy individuals and in all patients with NSCL/P, thus confirming their specificities. The presence of the V274I polymorphism was identified in 9.5% of the NSFL/P group and in 10.3% of the control group. The results of this study show that IRF6 mutations are released with the SVW etiology, but the presence of the V274I polymorphism is not an isolated etiologic factor for development of the NSFL/P / Mestrado / Patologia / Mestre em Estomatopatologia

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:29:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2005-08-02Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:38:19Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 ono_e_me_sjc.pdf: 1679219 bytes, checksum: 7b50cf13d5c5213d3245c157c202fca2 (MD5) / Considerando a proporção áurea uma forma de individualizar a análise cefalométrica a partir das características próprias de cada pessoa, propõe-se neste estudo verificar se algumas razões estão em proporção áurea, tanto em indivíduos braquifaciais como em mesofaciais, e assim identificar padrões que caracterizam esses tipos facias, auxiliando no plano de tratamento. Foram utilizadas radiografias cefalométricas laterais de 48 indivíduos braquifaciais e 43 mesofaciais, do sexo masculino e do feminino, com idades entre 17 e 25 anos e oclusão Classe I de Angle. Das oito razões avaliadas, quatro diferiram estatisticamente entre os dois grupos, sendo as razões Or-Me/A-Pog, Or-Me/Co-Go, Ena-AA/N-Ena e SO-POOr/Ena-Enp, áureas nos indivíduos mesofaciais. O grupo Braqui não apresentou nenhuma das razões estudadas em proporção áurea. / Since the divine proportion is considered a way to develop individualized cephalometric analysis from proper characteristics of each person, the aim of this study was to verify if there is divine proportion between some segments of the face of brachifacial and mesofacial individuals, and identify features of these facial patterns that can be used as data to the treatment plan. Lateral cephalometric radiographs from 48 brachifacial and 43 mesofacial individuals with ages between 17 and 25 years and Angle's Class I occlusion were evaluated. Four of the eight rations were statistically different between the groups. Or-Me/A-Pog, Or-Me/Co-Go, Ena-AA/N-Ena and SO-POOr/Ena-Enp were considered golden ratios for the mesofacial group. On the other hand, the results showed no golden ratios for the brachifacial group.

Orientador: Edmundo Medici Filho / Banca: Edmundo Medici Filho / Banca: Emiko Saito Arita / Banca: Mari Eli Leonelli de Moraes / Resumo: Considerando a proporção áurea uma forma de individualizar a análise cefalométrica a partir das características próprias de cada pessoa, propõe-se neste estudo verificar se algumas razões estão em proporção áurea, tanto em indivíduos braquifaciais como em mesofaciais, e assim identificar padrões que caracterizam esses tipos facias, auxiliando no plano de tratamento. Foram utilizadas radiografias cefalométricas laterais de 48 indivíduos braquifaciais e 43 mesofaciais, do sexo masculino e do feminino, com idades entre 17 e 25 anos e oclusão Classe I de Angle. Das oito razões avaliadas, quatro diferiram estatisticamente entre os dois grupos, sendo as razões Or-Me/A-Pog, Or-Me/Co-Go, Ena-AA/N-Ena e SO-POOr/Ena-Enp, áureas nos indivíduos mesofaciais. O grupo Braqui não apresentou nenhuma das razões estudadas em proporção áurea. / Abstract: Since the divine proportion is considered a way to develop individualized cephalometric analysis from proper characteristics of each person, the aim of this study was to verify if there is divine proportion between some segments of the face of brachifacial and mesofacial individuals, and identify features of these facial patterns that can be used as data to the treatment plan. Lateral cephalometric radiographs from 48 brachifacial and 43 mesofacial individuals with ages between 17 and 25 years and Angle's Class I occlusion were evaluated. Four of the eight rations were statistically different between the groups. Or-Me/A-Pog, Or-Me/Co-Go, Ena-AA/N-Ena and SO-POOr/Ena-Enp were considered golden ratios for the mesofacial group. On the other hand, the results showed no golden ratios for the brachifacial group. / Mestre

This thesis presents a three-dimensional computed tomography (3D-CT) analysis of craniofacial morphology and growth changes in Malaysian Malay subjects. A large number of CT scans (n=205) from birth to adulthood were gathered for this purpose. CT scans were obtained using a GE Lightspeed Plus Scanner. Craniofacial morphology has been analysed based on cephalometric landmarks located in three-dimensions, using specially-designed computer software. The main aims were to produce new 3D normative reference data for selected craniofacial variables in Malaysian Malays and to study growth changes in different craniofacial regions. The specific areas of investigation included: 1. Construction of craniofacial growth references (in tabular and graphical formats) for Malaysian Malays; 2. Quantitative analysis of growth changes in the craniofacial complex using linear and angular measurements derived from landmark data; 3. Comparison of craniofacial measurements between males and females to determine the extent of sexual dimorphism; 4. Quantitative analysis of the nature and extent of directional asymmetry of selected craniofacial regions; 5. Comparisons of selected variables with published data from other ethnic groups. Craniofacial morphology and growth changes were analysed using 3D osseous landmarks. A computer program, PERSONA, was used to locate and analyse the three-dimensional cephalometric landmarks. The accuracy of landmark location was assessed using double determinations. Selected measurements were derived from the landmark data to describe the morphology of different craniofacial regions, e.g. facial skeleton, cranial base and cranial vault. Normative reference data for a large number of variables covering the skull, cranial base and face at selected age categories for males and females were constructed. These data were presented in tables and scatter plots of variables against age. From the normative data collected, patterns of growth changes of different craniofacial regions in three-dimensions were also investigated. Generally, each craniofacial region showed a unique growth pattern as observed from differential growth patterns. All measurements showed size increase from infancy to adulthood. Periods of increased size differences were also noted for most variables in all regions that corresponded to the timing of mid- and adolescent growth spurts. These extensive normative reference data, specific for age categories and sexes, provide normal references against which the craniofacial morphology of individuals with craniofacial abnormalities can be compared. Clinical applications of this quantitative approach to the craniofacial skeleton should facilitate the management of craniofacial abnormalities. Following the construction of normative data and description of growth changes for different craniofacial regions, intra-populational differences were studied. This included analysis of sexual dimorphism of the craniofacial structures and an investigation of asymmetry between paired left and right measurements. Sexual dimorphism was observed for linear variables in this study. Differences in size between males and females were not very obvious during infancy as only a few variables showed significant differences. The number of variables that showed sexual dimorphism in size increased from infancy to adulthood. Sexual dimorphism in the craniofacial region was most evident during adulthood with 46% of variables displaying significant differences between the sexes. During infancy, only 3% of the variables showed significant size differences between the sexes, increasing to 7% during childhood. Magnitudes of sexual dimorphism were calculated to highlight the pattern of dimorphism in different craniofacial regions and across different ages. A small degree of directional asymmetry was noted in all of the craniofacial regions investigated. Asymmetry analysis revealed that the cranial base, face and mandible tended to be larger on the right side than the left. Other regions exhibited asymmetry but without any clear trend in direction. Asymmetry percentages were also calculated to enable the patterns and magnitudes of asymmetry in different craniofacial regions to be compared. Generally, the amount of asymmetry exhibited in the craniofacial structures for Malaysian Malays was small. Having established that differences existed within the Malay sample, craniofacial data for Malays were compared with published data for two Caucasian populations. This analysis revealed that differences exist in craniofacial morphology between different ethnic groups. Some of the differences can be discerned from childhood but many variables only display differences during adulthood. Craniofacial structures tended to be smaller in Malays than in Caucasians. The intent of this investigation has been to provide clinicians with normative values of measurements that will be useful in diagnosis, treatment planning and post-operative care of patients with craniofacial abnormalities. Important treatment goals include producing balanced cranial and facial form to approximate that of unaffected people and also improving the quality of life of patients. Therefore, it is important for clinicians to be able to recognise the nature and extent of normal variation in craniofacial structures and also appreciate the growth changes that may occur over time, before investigating these changes in patients with craniofacial abnormalities. Comparisons of measurements of affected patients with well-characterised referent data can facilitate diagnosis and overall patient management. Moreover, quantification based on three-dimensional data provides new insights into craniofacial growth changes and morphology compared with conventional 2D approaches. / http://proxy.library.adelaide.edu.au/login?url= http://library.adelaide.edu.au/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?BBID=1280892 / Thesis (Ph.D.) -- Dental School, 2007.