Thesis (M.Sc. (Microbiology))--Mahidol University, 1979.

Dissertation (Ph.D.)--University of Toledo, 2010. / "Submitted to the Graduate Faculty In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Doctor of Philosophy Degree in Biomedical Science." Title from title page of PDF document. "A Dissertation entitled"--at head of title. Non-Latin script record Bibliography: p. 68-101.

MAIA, Luís Farias; ROGÉRIO, José Robério. Coberturas de grupos. 2011. 98f. Dissertação (mestrado)- Universidade Federal do Ceará, Pós-Graduação em Matemática, Fortaleza-CE, 2011. / Submitted by Rocilda Sales (rocilda@ufc.br) on 2011-10-10T13:32:08Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2011_dis_lfmaia.pdf: 6241275 bytes, checksum: 96fdd034283b0b121e1437fb55850656 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rocilda Sales(rocilda@ufc.br) on 2011-10-10T13:39:13Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2011_dis_lfmaia.pdf: 6241275 bytes, checksum: 96fdd034283b0b121e1437fb55850656 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2011-10-10T13:39:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2011_dis_lfmaia.pdf: 6241275 bytes, checksum: 96fdd034283b0b121e1437fb55850656 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / The paper results on the Coverage groups by abelian subgroups, subgroups of Sylow and normal subgroups. We present in appendix C an elementary proof a very important result in the coverage p-Sylow. / Esta dissertação apresenta resultados sobre coberturas de grupos por sub-grupos abelianos, subgrupos de Sylow e subgrupos normais. O Teorema de Neumann é indispensável no estudo das coberturas por subgrupos. Apresentamos no apêndice C uma prova elementar de um resultado muito importante nas coberturas p-Sylow.

Thesis advisor: Welkin E. Johnson / Endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) make up a significant portion of vertebrate genomes, and serve as a fossil record of past retroviral infections. Although most ERV genes acquire inactivating mutations over time, some loci retain open reading frames (ORFs) across one or more of the viral genes. The ERV-Fc family, for example, endogenized in multiple mammalian hosts 10 to 30 million years ago, yet many copies maintain intact ORFs corresponding to the env gene, including loci in humans (HERV-Fc1-env) and baboons (babERV-Fc2-env). We previously identified intact ERV-Fc-related env sequences in eight additional mammalian species: chimpanzee, bonobo, aardvark, grey mouse lemur, squirrel monkey, marmoset, dog, and panda. Here we present the results of our assays of expression of these full-length Env proteins. We found that most of the precursors were not cleaved to form the functional surface (SU) and transmembrane (TM) subunits, even when a canonical furin cleavage site was still intact. An exception was babERV-Fc2, in which reconstruction of the cleavage site led to cleavage into SU and TM subunits. Furthermore, removal of 22 residues from the C-terminus of the cytoplasmic tail of babERV-Fc2 enhanced syncytia formation and the ability of babERV-Fc2 pseudotyped virions to infect 293T cells, suggesting the presence of an R-peptide cleavage mechanism. A survey of a small panel of cells revealed that only human cell lines were infectable by babERV-Fc2 pseudotyped murine leukemia virus (MLV) particles, whereas cells of old world monkey, canine, feline and chicken origin were not susceptible to infection. Ectopic expression of native Env codon optimized babERV-Fc2 Env can also inhibit infection by reconstructed babERV-Fc2 pseudotyped virus, raising the possibility that the endogenous glycoprotein encoded in the baboon genome may function as a viral entry inhibitor. Our results suggest that exaptation of ERV Env proteins as antiviral defense genes involves a combination of selective pressures: selection to preserve the receptor-binding and receptor interference functions of Env, but also selection to eliminate the membrane fusion related functions. / Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2018. / Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences. / Discipline: Biology.

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The development of safer and more accessible contraceptive options is necessary to reduce the high number of unintended pregnancies worldwide. As monoclonal antibody engineering continues to revolutionize drug development, a variety of strategies are being harnessed to establish antibody-based contraceptives. Human Contraception Antibody (HCA), an immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody that potently agglutinates human sperm, is a promising candidate for nonhormonal immunocontraception in women. Our group recently established the safety and efficacy of a topical IgG1 HCA-formulated dissolvable vaginal film. Though successful, we are currently working to further optimize and improve the HCA product. In this study, we characterized engineered variants of HCA. Bioactivities, specifically agglutination and effector functions, of multimeric and fragment crystallizable (Fc)-mutated variants were compared and inform further engineering of an optimal clinical profile. We then established an atomized mRNA mechanism for delivery of HCA to the female reproductive tract (FRT). The use of mRNA could provide several advantages including: efficiency, reversibility, safety, durability, and cost-effectiveness. mRNA-encoded HCAs were expressed in several models of the FRT and were functional, sperm-specific, and safe. We also analyzed Fc N-glycans at the conserved glycosylation site on IgGs that regulate effector functions and compared the site-specific glycosylation on antibodies generated by two HCA expression platforms of interest, namely Nicotiana benthamiana and mRNA-transfected vaginal cells. Disparities in glycan site occupancy and glycoform populations between the two platforms were observed. Platform-specific HCA glycans resulted in differing levels of sperm phagocytosis, an Fc function. In summary, these studies provide a clearer understanding of engineered variants and delivery platforms to further advance the development of HCA as a novel, antibody-based female contraceptive.

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