Atualmente, o aproveitamento de resíduos na construção civil tem sido estimulado devido essa atividade ser um dos maiores consumidores de materiais naturais em seus processos e produtos. As cinzas agroindustriais ocupam lugar de destaque dentre os resíduos com possibilidades de aplicação em materiais cimentícios, pois algumas, como a cinza da casca do arroz, apresentam propriedades pozolânicas, contribuindo para a redução do consumo de cimento Portland. Nesse sentido, esta pesquisa teve como objetivo principal a avaliação da viabilidade técnica do uso de cinza agroindustriais em matrizes de cimento Portland, tendo como estudo de caso a cinza da casca da castanha de caju (CCCC). As cascas das castanhas de caju, resíduos da produção das castanhas, são incorporadas novamente ao processo, e, nas caldeiras, irão gerar calor para a decorticação de novas castanhas. A CCCC é o resíduo colhido no fundo da grelha das caldeiras, resultante da queima das cascas de castanhas. Atualmente, esse resíduo é utilizado como adubo em plantações de caju, sendo uma pequena parte destinada à aterros sanitários comuns. Foram realizados ensaios para avaliar a composição físico-química da CCCC; analisar o potencial pozolânico; analisar a retração por secagem e da profundidade de carbonatação de argamassas confeccionados com CCCC; e determinar a capacidade de estabilização/solidificação da CCCC pela matriz cimentícia. A partir dos resultados, pode-se apontar como características principais da CCCC: i) não apresentar potencial pozolânico; ii) favorecer a incorporação de ar em matrizes cimentícias; iii) ocasionar solubilidade de metais pesados e Fenol quando no estado in natura; iv) contribuir para o aumento da retração por secagem e da carbonatação em argamassas; v) liberar Cromo e Sódio mesmo quando estabilizada/solidificada em pastas em teores de até 10% de substituição. Por essas considerações, a CCCC não apresentou viabilidade técnica para uso em matrizes cimentícias. / Nowadays, the use of wastes on civil building has been stimulated for it to be one of most consumers of raw materials in their processes and products. The agroindustrial ashes have a prominent place among the wastes with possibilities of application in cementitious materials, because some ashes, such rice husk ash, have pozzolanic activity, and they contribute to reduce the Portland cement consumption. This work aimed to study the evaluation of technical feasibility of the agroindustrial ashes for use in Portland cement matrices, using the ash of the rind of the cashew nut (ARCN) as case study. The rinds of cashew nut (wastes of nuts\' production) are burned again during the heating process, and in boilers, they will generate heat for shelling other nuts. The ARCN is the waste collected from the boiler grid, resulted from burning of the rind of nuts. This waste is used as compostes in plantings of cashew and a little part of it is dumped in landfill sites. Tests were made for evaluation of physico-chemical composition of ARCN; for analyse of pozzolanic activity; for analyse of drying shrinkage and carbonation in mortars made with ARCN; and the analyse of the stabilization/solidification of ARCN in pastes. After the analyse of results, it may be pointed as main features of ARCN: i) not show pozzolanic activity; ii) to promote air entrainment in cementitious matrices; iii) to cause heavy metals and Phenol solubilization as in raw state; iv) to increase the drying shrinkage and carbonation in mortars; and, v) to let out Chrome and Sodium when stabilizated/solidificated in pastes in levels of replacement until 10%. For all these considerations, the ARCN haven\'t showed technical feasibility for use in cementitious matrices.

Submitted by Carlos Vinícius Jenezi Santos (carlosjenezi@hotmail.com) on 2018-06-14T01:26:32Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TA FINAL CARLOS JENEZI_FINAL.pdf: 643498 bytes, checksum: 5e5b5637c7f7928188cf615e7b3c73da (MD5) / Rejected by Simone de Andrade Lopes Pires (simone.lopes@fgv.br), reason: Prezada Carlos, Recebemos a postagem do seu trabalho na biblioteca digital e para ser aprovado serão necessários alguns ajustes: 1º CAPA: correção do nome da escola. FUNDAÇÃO GETULIO VARGAS, não tem acento no "U". Atenciosamente, SRA on 2018-06-14T16:50:14Z (GMT) / Submitted by Carlos Vinícius Jenezi Santos (carlosjenezi@hotmail.com) on 2018-06-14T19:13:59Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TA FINAL CARLOS JENEZI_FINAL.pdf: 641921 bytes, checksum: 7faadbc4b9f5d7002cf03cd791f5615d (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Simone de Andrade Lopes Pires (simone.lopes@fgv.br) on 2018-06-15T16:47:48Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TA FINAL CARLOS JENEZI_FINAL.pdf: 641921 bytes, checksum: 7faadbc4b9f5d7002cf03cd791f5615d (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Isabele Garcia (isabele.garcia@fgv.br) on 2018-06-15T19:08:54Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TA FINAL CARLOS JENEZI_FINAL.pdf: 641921 bytes, checksum: 7faadbc4b9f5d7002cf03cd791f5615d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-15T19:08:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TA FINAL CARLOS JENEZI_FINAL.pdf: 641921 bytes, checksum: 7faadbc4b9f5d7002cf03cd791f5615d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-06-13 / Este estudo analisa a questão da viabilidade socioeconômica do tratamento de câncer de pulmão, umas das neoplasias com maior incidência e mais alta taxa de mortalidade, através de imunoterapia. Este tipo de tratamento, a maior inovação no combate ao câncer nas última décadas, traz importantes desafios de acesso em função do alto custo de tratamento. Alternativas que possam eventualmente garantir o acesso à essas terapias foram aprofundadas através da análise sobre estudos já realizados sobre o tema e também através de pesquisas em profundidade com profissionais que atuam na área, sejam eles da assistência ou da gestão. O estudo se baseou em três hipóteses, que foram aprofundadas e ampliadas após a etapa de pesquisas, trazendo nossos fatores ao tema discutido. A primeira hipótese debateu sobre a garantia constitucional brasileira de acesso universal e integral da saúde pela população e o papel do Estado na promoção de saúde. A segunda discutiu critérios socioeconômicos para decisão de protocolos de tratamento. A terceira discorreu sobre metodologias de maior precisão diagnóstica, garantindo a utilização de medicamentos de alto custo somente em situações de comprovado ganho terapêutico. Ao fim, o estudo procura apontar alternativas que possam garantir o acesso populacional à tratamentos inovadores dentro da realidade socioeconômica brasileira. / This study analyzes the question of the socioeconomic viability of the treatment of lung cancer, one of the neoplasias with higher incidence and higher mortality rate, through immunotherapy. This type of treatment, the greatest innovation in the fight against cancer in the last decades, brings important challenges of access due to the high cost of treatment. Alternatives that could possibly guarantee access to these therapies were deepened through the analysis of studies already done about this subject and also through in-depth research with professionals working in the area, whether in the cancer care or management. The study was based on three hypotheses, which were deepened and expanded after the research stage, bringing new factors to the topic discussed. The first hypothesis discussed the Brazilian Constitution, that guarantee the universal and comprehensive access to health by the Brazilian population and the role of the State in health promotion. The second discussed socioeconomic criteria for definition of treatment guidelines. The third one debates about methodologies with greater diagnostic precision, guaranteeing the use of high cost drugs only in situations of proven therapeutic gain. Finally, the study seeks to identify alternatives that can guarantee the population access to innovative treatments within the Brazilian socioeconomic reality.

Abstract At least 30 gold deposits verified by means of one or more notable diamond drill hole results have been discovered in Central Lapland in the last 20 years, and these can be divided spatially into groups, between which the metal composition varies. The deposits contain varying amounts of sulphides and sulpharsenides as well as gold. Pyrite is the most common sulphide mineral in the gold deposits associated with volcanic rocks, and usually pyrrhotite in those associated with sedimentary rocks. The principal sulphide minerals in those connected with banded iron formations are pyrite and arsenopyrite. A separate group of formations consists of the palaeoplacer gold deposits associated with the molasse-like quartzites and conglomerates of Central Lapland. The iron oxide-copper-gold deposits of Central Lapland, which are a significant potential source of copper and gold, are mostly associated with skarn rocks at the eastern contact of the acidic intrusive rocks of Western Lapland and with skarn rocks occurring as interlayers in metavolcanic and metasedimentary rocks. The gold deposits that have led to actual mining activities in Central Lapland are Saattopora in Kittilä and Pahtavaara in Sodankylä. Apart from the Laurinoja iron oxide-copper-gold ore body in Kolari, copper concentrate has been produced from the Saattopora gold ore deposit and the Pahtavuoma copper ore deposit. Only one gold ore in Central Lapland is being actively exploited at present, that of the Pahtavaara mine, which was worked in 1995–2000 and reopened in 2003. The best starting point for successful gold ore exploration in Central Lapland can be achieved through a thorough knowledge of the deformation zones and their structures and alteration processes and the application of geochemical methods. Magnetic surveys can be of help in identifying and locating deformation zones of interest for exploration purposes and the majority of the associated shear zones and faults. Ore-critical zones usually feature graphite-bearing schists and iron sulphide-bearing sequences that can be traced by electrical methods and used as marker zones to verify the results of geological mapping. Geological, geophysical and geochemical techniques have been used in great diversity, and in particular till geochemistry and bedrock drilling have been methods by which the gold and copper deposits in Central Lapland have been discovered. A total of 7.6 million tonnes of gold and copper ores, including the Laurinoja iron oxide-copper-gold ore, were extracted in Central Lapland over the period 1982–2000. The resulting production of gold during this period was 10 800 kg, together with 21 000 tonnes of copper in concentrates and 4500 kg of silver. The gold and copper ores have been concentrated by gravity separation and/or flotation, since the ores so far taken into production has been of the free milling type. However, a substantial proportion of the deposits in the area contain copper, nickel, cobalt and arsenic as well, in the form of sulphides or sulpharsenides, so that the achievement of commercially saleable products calls for the use of different leaching processes. Deposits have also been found in Central Lapland that have consisted partly or entirely of refractory gold ore in which gold is lying in the crystal lattice of pyrite and/or arsenopyrite, the processing of which by the above-mentioned methods is not economic, as it requires pre-treatment by bio-oxidation or pressure oxidation in order to convert the gold to a cyanide-soluble form.

Kunskapsöverföring är en nödvändig förutsättning för att säkerställa organisationers existens och framåtskridande. Utgångspunkt för denna uppsats är förstudiens roll i mjukvaruprojekt och dess betydelse för den fortsatta systemutvecklingsprocessen. Fokus liggerpå kunskap som genereras under förstudien, samt hur och i vilken omfattning kunskapen förs vidare till analysfasen i systemutvecklingsprocessen. Resultatet visar att förstudien utgör ett viktigt beslutsunderlag och är en nödvändig förutsättning för att gå vidare i systemutvecklingsprocessen. Kunskapsöverföring genom dokumentation och via muntliga föredragningar är otillräcklig, eftersom det finns ett ”filter” som innebär att erfarenhetsbaserad kunskap inte överförs mellan förstudie och analys via dokument eller via muntliga föredragningar. Därför måste personer som deltar i förstudien finnas med senare i utvecklingsprocessen, för att artikulera den ”tysta” erfarenhetsbaserade kunskapen till explicita former. Vi drar slutsatserna att kunskapsöverföring via dokument är bra, men räcker inte enligt vår mening. Då det mesta av kunskapen är implicit, det vill säga tyst och/eller ordlös, kommer den inte med i en skriftlig rapport. Kompletteras rapporten med muntliga föredragningar, kommer man ytterligare ett steg närmare en optimal kunskapsöverföring, men det räcker fortfarande inte, då den tysta kunskapen alltjämt utgör ett hinder. Kunskapsöverföring måste ske genom personer, som finns med både i förstudie- och analysfasen, men det måste tillskapas arenor för kunskapsomvandling och kommunikation. Genom en arena för kunskapsomvandling kan den tysta kunskapen göras kommunicerbar. En arena för kommunikation utgör sen den sista byggstenen på väg mot en effektiv kunskapsöverföring. Kunskapsöverföring måste "organiseras". Vi lämnar därför ett förslag till en kunskapsöverföringsmodell. / Knowledge transfer is necessary condition to guarantee the existence and progress of organisations. The starting-point for this paper is the role of the feasibility study in a software project and it’s significance for the subsequent system development process. The focus is on knowledge, which is generated under the feasibility study, and how and in which dimension knowledge is bringing on to the analysis in the system development process. The result shows that the feasibility study is an important base of decision and a necessary condition of the future system development process. Knowledge transfer by documentation and by oral presentation of reports is insufficient, because there is a"filter"which means that knowledge of experience not will be transferred between feasibility study and analysis by documentation and by oral presentation. Furthermore must persons who are involved in the feasibility study occur even later in the development process, to articulate the "silence" knowledge of experience into explicit forms. We draw the conclusions that knowledge transfer by documents is good, but not enough in our opinion. Because most of the knowledge is implicit, which means silent and/or without words, it will not been in the report. If the report will be completed with oral presentations, you will came further one step near an optimal knowledge transfer, but it’s still not enough, because the silent knowledge still is an obstruction. Knowledge transfer must be done by persons, who’s in both the feasibility study and analysis, but there must be an arena for knowledge transformation and communication. Through an arena for knowledge transformation the silent knowledge can be communicative. An arena for communication is then the last stone of building an effective knowledge transfer. Knowledge transfer must be "organised". We therefore present a proposal to a model of knowledge transfer.

Le système nerveux central est la cible la plus probable d'effets biologiques dûs à l'exposition aux radiofréquences (RF) de la téléphonie mobile. Plusieurs études sur l’EEG (électroencéphalogramme) ont montré des variations dans le spectre de la bande alpha pendant et / ou après l'exposition aux radiofréquences, avec les yeux fermés ou pendant le sommeil. Dans ce contexte, l'observation de l'activité électrique spontanée des réseaux neuronaux sous exposition aux radiofréquences représente un outil efficace pour détecter de possibles effets des RF de faible niveau sur le système nerveux. Dans ce travail de thèse, nous avons développé un dispositif expérimental dédié à l'exposition dans la gamme des GHz de réseaux neuronaux et permettant simultanément l’enregistrement de l'activité électrique des neurones. Une cellule électromagnétique transversale (TEM) a été utilisée afin d'exposer les réseaux neuronaux aux signaux GSM-1800 à un niveau de DAS de 3,2 W / kg. L'enregistrement de l'activité électrique neuronale et la détection en termes de spikes et bursts sous exposition ont été réalisées à l'aide de réseaux de micro-électrodes (MEAs). Ce travail démontre la faisabilité de l’étude (culture de réseaux de neurones primaires, enregistrement de l'activité électrique et analyse des signaux obtenus sous exposition aux radiofréquences) et expose des résultats préliminaires. Dans l'expérience principale (16 cultures), il y avait une diminution réversible de 30% du taux moyen de spikes (MFR) et de bursts (BR) pendant les 3 min d’exposition aux RF. Des expériences supplémentaires sont nécessaires pour mieux caractériser cet effet, notamment en termes d'élévation de la température au niveau microscopique. / The central nervous system is the most likely target of mobile telephony radiofrequency field (RF) exposure in terms of biological effects. Several EEG (electroencephalography) studies have reported variations in the alpha-band power spectrum during and/or after RF exposure, in resting EEG and during sleep. In this context, the observation of the spontaneous electrical activity of neuronal networks under RF exposure can be an efficient tool to detect the occurrence of low-level RF effects on the nervous system. In this thesis research work we developed a dedicated experimental setup in the GHz range for the simultaneous exposure of neuronal networks and monitoring of electrical activity. A transverse electromagnetic (TEM) cell was used to expose the neuronal networks to GSM-1800 signals at a SAR level of 3.2 W/kg. Recording of the neuronal electrical activity and detection of the extracellular spikes and bursts under exposure were performed using Micro Electrode Arrays (MEAs). This work provides the proof of feasibility and preliminary results of the integrated investigation regarding exposure setup, culture of the neuronal network, recording of the electrical activity and analysis of the signals obtained under RF exposure. In the main experiment (16 cultures), there was a 30% reversible decrease in mean firing rate (MFR) and bursting rate (BR) during the 3 min exposures to RF. Additional experiments are needed to further characterize this effect, especially in terms of temperature elevation at the microscopic level.

Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul / Photovoltaic solar energy (PV) grows exponentially, since 2012 reaching levels of over 100 GWp installed worldwide. In this area the Brazilian industry just awakened through auctions, mainly aimed to Distributed Generation (DG). There are few large systems (1 MWp) of PV in an urban environment. Even though, since 2012, with the ANEEL's Normative Resolution 482 there was available law, these systems weren't economically feasible until 2014. This panorama, generates methodological opportunity to PV proposition to mapping potentials in public and city buildings; targeting creation of support policies, strategies and decision makers for solar energy investments in long terms and another consequences of management. It complements the stagnation gap at Brazilian Electric System (BES) as its business models of energy contracting from its captive environment, which has shown to be very innovative for PV at leading markets such as the USA. So, this study asks whether the Net Metering is sufficient, conducting comprehensive survey of Technical and Economic Feasibility for a case study to an utility company and an university (public sector) using PV at DG. The proposal sets 10% penetration targets in the utility and measuring its consequence impacts. It predicts 5 MWp as ideal project due to restrictions, 11.3 MWp to optimize the Net Metering system and 17 MWp to turn the University into a "Net Zero Building" (or zero costs electricity bill). / A energia solar fotovoltaica (PV) cresce exponencialmente e desde 2012 atinge patamares de mais de 100 GWp mundiais instalados. Neste aspecto que envolve a geração distribuída de energia elétrica através de PV, o Brasil recentemente despertou através dos leilões. Entretanto, poucos são os sistemas de grande porte (1 MWp) de PV em ambiente urbano. Apesar de que, desde 2012, com a Resolução Normativa 482 da ANEEL já exista legislação, tais sistemas eram economicamente inviáveis até 2014. Este panorama gera oportunidades de proposição metodológica para mapeamento de potenciais de PV em órgãos públicos e cidades; visando principalmente subsidiar políticas, estratégias e apoio a decisões para investimentos de energia solar em longo prazo e demais consequências da modelagem. Esta dissertação complementa a lacuna de estagnação do Sistema Elétrico Brasileiro (SEB) quanto aos modelos de negócios dos ambientes de contratação de energia renovável, que vêm sendo inovadores para a PV em países líderes do mercado como os EUA. Este estudo questiona se o Net Metering é um mecanismo suficiente, através de um levantamento abrangente de Viabilidade Técnico-Econômica aplicada em um estudo de caso. Este considera a concessionária local e universidade (órgão público) utilizando PV como GD. Apresentam-se metas de 10% de penetração na distribuidora e identificam-se alguns impactos. Propõe-se 5 MWp como ideal devido às restrições, 11,3 MWp para otimização do Net Metering e 17 MWp para tornar a Universidade Net Zero Building (ou zero de conta de luz ).

Falls and injuries related to falls are one of the most common health problems among older people and are becoming increasingly more frequent. Regular exercise has been identified as one of the most effective fall-prevention activities for older people; however, awareness of the impact of exercise programmes and adherence to recommended exercise among the elderly population is generally low. Research examining how an exercise programme is administered to and experienced by elderly community-dwelling people is needed. The overall aim of this thesis was to investigate the feasibility, experiences and effects of and adherence to the fall-preventive Otago Exercise Programme (OEP) with or without motivational interviewing (MI) among community-dwelling people aged 75 years or older. Four studies were performed from October 2012 to May 2016 in a sample of 175 people. Both quantitative and qualitative research methods were used. The methods included the feasibility for conducting a randomized controlled trial (RCT) (I), individual face-to-face interviews (II), an RCT (III) and a prospective cohort study (IV). The intervention was given to two groups. The participants who received OEP with or without MI were compared with a control group that received standard care. The feasibility of performing an exercise intervention with or without MI was acceptable from the perspective of the participating physiotherapists. From the perspective of the older participants performing the exercise with behavioural change support, the inclusion of monitored exercises in everyday life and daily routines was important. The participants also expressed experiencing more strength, improved physical functioning and greater hope for an extended active life during old age. From the short-term perspective, there were significant improvements within the OEP combined with MI group in terms of physical performance, fall self-efficacy, activity level, and handgrip strength. Improved physical performance and fall self-efficacy were also found within the control group; however, corresponding differences did not occur in the OEP group without MI. There were no significant differences between the study groups after 12 weeks of regular exercise. Adherence to the exercises in the pooled exercise group was 81% at the 12-week follow-up. At the 52-week follow-up, the behavioural factors being physically active and obtaining behavioural support in terms of MI had a significant association with adherence to the exercise programme. These studies provide some support for the combination of OEP with MI as the addition of MI was valuable for achieving adherence to the exercise programme over time in older community-dwelling people.

The theoretical part of this thesis explains the process of real estate project financing, describes its main features, characterizes participants of the process and main forms of project loans. It also depicts the feasibility study as a key source of project bank loan application, describe collection of loan documents, guarantees and hedging agreements and provide an overview of the methods used to evaluate the effectiveness of the project. The analytical part describes a particular project of development of a residential real estate and its project finance funding. Furthermore, the final section analyses the effectiveness of given project and the parameters of provided project bank loan.

This thesis deals with the issue of business plan of construction company. The aim is to process functional plan for development project, which includes strategic analysis of external and internal environment, marketing mix, implementation plan, financial plan and risk analysis.

The aim of the Master thesis is to analyse the functioning and operations of so-called luxury trains (trains of the Orient-Express-type) and to apply the findings to a concrete example of such a train. The theoretical part deals with the railway transport in the Czech Republic, with a special focus on irregular transport and specifics of the functioning and operations of luxury trains. An overview of the most known luxury trains of nowadays in Europe and all over the world is also a part of the theoretical background. The empirical part analyses the concrete example of a luxury train in a feasibility study. The thesis is based not only on theoretical literature and information from electronic sources, but also on personal consultation with experts on railway transport and luxury trains in the Czech Republic.