No description available.

Preeclampsia is associated with placental insufficiency and fetal growth restriction. Fetal growth restriction is associated with an increased risk for language deficits at 2-5 years of age. However, fetal auditory processing in pregnancies complicated by preeclampsia has not been examined and is the focus of this study. Spontaneous and auditory elicited fetal behaviours were compared in 40 mother-fetal pairs (n=20 preclamptic and n=20 low-risk normotensive pregnancies) from 33 to 39 weeks gestational age (GA). Spontaneous fetal heart rate, body and breathing movements and muscle tone were observed and an estimate of amniotic fluid was made. To test if the fetuses could hear, six 2.5s trials (3, 110 dB pink noise; 3, no-sound control) were intermixed and randomly presented; fetal heart rate was recorded for 30 s following trial onset and body movements were observed for 5 s. Finally, the mother’s voice recorded reading a children’s story was presented: 2 min of no sound, 2 min of mother’s voice (95 dB A) and 2 min of no sound. Sounds were delivered through a speaker 10cm above the abdomen. During the 6 min procedure, fetal heart rate was recorded continuously and body movements were video recorded. Fetuses in the preeclamptic group were born earlier, t(37)=4.79, p<0.000. There were no differences in birth weight at delivery. Testing showed no differences between groups for any measure of spontaneous behaviour. There was increased heart rate, F(1,36)=37.47, p<0.001, and number of body movements, F(1, 35)=54.04, p<0.001, in response to the pink noise compared no-sound control trials, indicating that both groups could hear external sounds. No differences in fetal heart rate or body movement responses to the playing of the mother’s voice were found between the two groups; although, there was a suggestion that gestational age affected responding. There were no differences found in spontaneous behaviours or auditory processing behaviours in fetuses of pregnancies complicated by mild to moderate preeclampsia compared to those in low-risk, normotensive pregnancies. It is suggested that future studies examining fetal auditory processing in preeclamptic pregnancies employ sufficient sample size for analyses by gestational age at time of testing. / Thesis (Master, Nursing) -- Queen's University, 2008-09-26 11:06:27.498

Analysis of the waveforms obtained from the umbilical artery using Doppler ultrasound has been claimed in a number of recent reports to be a highly specific method of identifying babies with intrauterine growth retardation. Because of the morbidity and mortality associated with this condition it was important to evaluate the validity of those claims before introducing the method into obstetric practise. The work in this thesis was carried out in four parts. Firstly the technique was found to be reproducible with small intra and inter-observer errors. Secondly, possible influencing factors were studied, and it was found that the fetal heart rate and fetal breathing movements have a significant effect on the waveform. Thirdly, a longitudinal study of 50 healthy women with normal pregnancies was performed to define the normal range of A/B ratios (the principle method of analysis of the waveforms was the A/B ratio: ratio of peak systolic to end-diastolic frequency). Finally, Doppler ultrasound was performed in 205 women with high risk pregnancies, and results were compared to the normal reference data. When high risk cases with abnormal Doppler results (A/B ratio > 95th centile) were compared with high risk cases with normal Doppler results (A/B ratio < 95th centile) the Doppler abnormal group were found to have a significantly increased incidence of preterm delivery, operative delivery, late fetal heart rate decelerations in labour, increased admission to the special care baby unit, and increased neonatal morbidity. Although an abnormal Doppler result was associated with small for gestational age in 61% of cases, only 41% of cases of small for gestational age had abnormal Doppler results. The conclusion from this thesis is that Doppler flow velocity waveform analysis, although lacking the previously claimed diagnostic precision of detecting intrauterine growth retardation, could contribute to fetal management by identifying babies at high risk of intrapartum complications.

No description available.

Objetivo: Determinar la incidencia de eclampsia, los factores ligados a la madre para su desarrollo, la vía de culminación del parto, el lugar de presentación de la eclampsia; el número de pacientes con eclampsia que ingresaron a UCI. El uso correcto de corticoides (maduración pulmonar fetal) y del sulfato de magnesio. Material y métodos: Es un estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo. Resultados: Se hallaron 66 casos de eclampsia; la incidencia fue 7.90 por cada mil nacidos vivos; La edad materna promedio fue 24 años. El número de controles prenatales fue inadecuado en 25 pacientes, de las cuales 13 no tuvieron ningún control (10.7%); así mismo, el control prenatal se realizó con mayor frecuencia en los Centros de Salud con 50.9%. Las primigestas son las más afectadas (66.6%); las gestaciones a término correspondieron al 54.6% de los casos. El 81.8% convulsionó antes de llegar al hospital y el 89.4% antes del parto. La medicación más empleada fue Sulfato de Magnesio más Fenitoina con 34.8%. La vía de culminación del parto más frecuente fue la abdominal (cesárea) con 87.9% y la anestesia más empleada, la epidural con 72.4%. Fue necesario que el 10.6% de pacientes ingresen a UCI; El 9% de las pacientes tuvo complicaciones, siendo el Síndrome de HELLP el más frecuente. Hubo 68 recién nacidos, incluidos 2 embarazos gemelares; el 63.3% fueron de sexo femenino, el peso promedio fue 2 860gr (peso normal). El APGAR al 1er minuto, fue normal en el 51.5% de los casos; mientras que a los 5 minutos lo fue en 79.4%; se realizó maduración pulmonar fetal al 40% de las pacientes con edad gestacional menor a 37 semanas. Conclusión: La incidencia de eclampsia en el Hospital José Agurto Tello de Chosica presenta una disminución sostenida, no obstante una ligera elevación en el año 2009. Los Controles Prenatales se realizaron con mayor frecuencia en los Centros de Salud; Existe inadecuado control prenatal. Las gestantes primigestas son las más afectadas. Tanto el uso del sulfato de magnesio para la prevención y tratamiento de la eclampsia, como la corticoterapia para la maduración pulmonar fetal, fueron inadecuados. La cesárea fue la vía de culminación del parto más usada, junto con la anestesia epidural. Los recién nacidos tuvieron en promedio peso normal, con Apgar más de las dos terceras partes normales.

The monitoring of fetal lambs in-vivo, has been previously carried out by using hard-wires. This work presents an alternative method for monitoring, by use of radiofrequency biotelemetry, with which there are no hard wires. With biotelemetry, a more "natural" recording may take place from the fetus. Long term, natural monitoring of fetal development has not been possible in the past.The design and implementation of a system capable of providing continuous, isolated monitoring is presented. The problems associated with the development and subsequent use of this system will be presented, especially the problem of noise.Data acquisition and analysis methods are also introduced and developed to suit the large amounts of information produced by the biotelemetry system.Analysed data from two fetal animals are presented and the significance of the reduced information is discussed.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karol. inst. / Härtill 6 uppsatser.

Thesis (M.A.)--Eastern Illinois University, 1992. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 52-57).

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 1965. / Typescript (photocopy). Includes bibliographical references (leave 40). Also issued in print.

Thesis (M.S.P.H.)--University of Michigan, 1942.