Techn. Universiẗat, Diss., 2003--München.

Techn. University, Diss., 2003--München.

Thesis (doctoral)--Universität Zürich. / "Literaturverzeichnis": p. 121-122.

Diss.--Universität Stuttgart, 1996. / Bibliogr. p. 134-142.

Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-07T18:56:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 000411033-Texto+Completo-0.pdf: 1069058 bytes, checksum: 962ffcfd54a9867e9b758ac73c39d1a8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / The thesis here presented investigates the idea of an ultimate ground of knowledge through the concept of intellectual intuition, as it appears in the works of J. G. Fichte. The main goal of this research is to indicate how this central concept of the Wissenschaftslehre can contribute to overcome the epistemic impasse caused by discursive knowledge. More specifically, the study consists in a critical evaluation about the problem of epistemic dualism generated by consciousness’ intentionality, and in an analysis of the solution Fichte proposes. In this regard, the first part of this work presents three objections on the idea of intellectual intuition, as well as on the idea of an ultimate ground of knowledge, in the way these objections are proposed by Kant, Hegel and Hans Albert. In the second part, there is an analysis of Fichte’s position and his possible answers to these objections, as it can be found in the Second Introduction to the Wissenschaftslehre (1797/8). This analysis should indicate the central role played by the concept of intellectual intuition in Fichte’s project of an ultimate grounding of knowledge. At last, in the third part of this work, there is an attempt to show that the idea of intellectual intuition is intimately related to the idea that discursive reason is insufficient. In this section, an analysis of this problem takes as its textual basis the Wissenschaftslehre 1804. Besides that, some proximities between the two periods of Fichte’s thought should be indicated. / A presente tese investiga a idéia de fundamentação última do conhecimento a partir do conceito de intuição intelectual na obra de J. G. Fichte. O objetivo principal da investigação é indicar em que medida esse conceito central à doutrina-da-ciência pode auxiliar na superação do impasse epistêmico que o conhecimento discursivo acarreta. Mais especificamente, trata-se de avaliar criticamente o problema do dualismo epistêmico gerado pela intencionalidade da consciência, e o alcance da solução proposta por Fichte. Para tanto, primeiramente serão apresentadas três objeções à idéia de intuição intelectual, bem como à noção de fundamentação última, tal como postuladas por Kant, Hegel e Hans Albert. A segunda parte do trabalho faz uma análise da posição de Fichte, e de possíveis respostas suas a tais críticas, tomando como texto base a Segunda Introdução à Doutrina-da-Ciência (1797/8). Pretende-se indicar com essa análise o papel fundamental que o conceito de intuição intelectual desempenha no projeto fichtiano de fundamentação do saber. Por fim, na terceira parte do trabalho, pretende-se mostrar que a idéia de intuição intelectual está intimamente vinculada à idéia de insuficiência da razão discursiva. Nessa seção, realiza-se uma análise desse problema a partir do texto da Doutrina-da-Ciência de 1804, também com o intuito de examinar uma possível relação teórica entre duas fases do pensamento de Fichte.

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Texte remanié de: Habili.-schr.--Philosophische Fakultät--Dresden--Technische Universität, 1997. / Bibliogr. p. 325-334.

In this paper I try to reconstruct the arguments developed by Fichte in his work Foundations of Natural Right (1796/1797), in order to support the necessity of a recognition of capabilites and rights by the other, so that the I can constitute itself as a self-consciousness. I also take into account the criticisms the Fichtean theory has received by many contemporary interpreters, testing its consistency in the light of these arguments. / En este trabajo intento reconstruir la argumentación desarrollada por Fichte en su obra Fundamento del derecho natural, de 1796/1797, en orden a fundamentar la necesidad de un reconocimiento de capacidades y de derechos por parte del otro, para que el yo pueda constituirse como autoconciencia. También considero las críticas que ha recibido la teoría fichteana por parte de diferentes intérpretes contemporáneos, testeando la consistencia de la misma a la luz de estas argumentaciones.

Drawing on the ideas of J.G. Fichte and M. Merleau-Ponty, I argue that experience and freedom are intersubjective, linguistic, and bodily. In the first chapter, I take up Fichte's three "fundamental principles" from the Science of Knowledge alongside his ideas of embodiment and intersubjectivity from the Foundations of Natural Right to show that all experience is an indefinite mixture of self and not-self, and, therefore, that both the experiences of self-consciousness and its freedom must also be accomplished with reference to the not-self, and particularly others. The second chapter is an examination of Merleau-Ponty's account of expression in his Phenomenology of Perception. The key insight I pursue here is that the medium of expression, which makes possible all significance, is bodily and intersubjective, and that any expressive act is therefore both self-opaque and soliciting cooperation. In the end, I turn to how this cooperation, i.e. freedom, should be enacted.