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Ririma ra tinovhele ta nhungu ta xiTsonga : Language of eight xiTsonga novels / Language of eight xiTsonga novelsGolele, Nxalati Charlotte Priscilla 30 June 2002 (has links)
Text in Tsonga / Summaries in Tsonga and English / Dyondzo Ieyi ya ririmi ra tinovhele ta nhungu ta Xitsonga a yi susumetiwile hi mhaka ya ku
va mutsari wa novhele taiiihi mutshila, a trrliisaka ririmi tanihi xitirho xa yena, hilaha swi
kombisiwakahakona hi Lodge (1979), Leech na Short (1987) na Kahari (1986). Ririmi leri ri
tumbuluxa xitsariwa, h.I. Ieswi nga tsariwa swi hlayekaka, ni nchumu wo tianakanyela lowu
vuriwaka novhele. Xikongomelonkulu xa dyondzo leyi a ku ri ku von a ndlela leyi ririmi ra
vatsari lava matsalwa ya vona lama xopaxopiwaka, ri tirhaka ha yona. Dyondzo leyi a yi ri ni
xikongomelontsongo Iexi xi nga ku hluvukisa ririmi ra Xitsonga, ni ku pfuneta ku tlakusa
xiyimo xa ririmi leri ni ra tindzimi tin Vana ta Xintima hi ku kombisa leswaku tindzimi leti ta
swi kota ku tirha eka tindhawu ta xiyimo xa le henhla tanihi dyondzo yo fana ni leyi.
Dyondzo leyi yl avanyisiwile hi tindzima ta ntlhanu. Ndzima yo sungula yi hlamusela
xikongomelo xa dyondzo, yi tlhela yi vumba nseketelo wo ajigarhela mayelana ni timhaka ta
matsalwa. Ndzima ya vumbirhi yi xopaxopa ririmi eka paluxeni ka nkongomelo, kasi ndzima
ya vunharhu ni ya vurnune hi ku landzelelana ti paluxa ririmi eka vumunhuhati ni le ku
paluxeni ka mbangu. Ndzima yo hetelela i yo katsakanya ntirho ni ku nyika swibumabumelo.
Ririmi ri ni matimba yo hambana eku tirheni ka rona, ya nga "melopoeia", h.3. ku endla
vuyimbeleri, "phanopoeia", ku endla xifaniso xo vitanisa, ni "logopoeia", ku endla rito ra leu
va ni ngulumelo. Matirhele lawa ya ririmi ya fambelana ni vuyimeri bya minpfiamawulo ya
ririmi ni swiyimeri swa yona swo tsariwa.
Nkoka wa riencisi wu paluxiwile eka dyondzo leyi. Leswi swi endlile leswaku ku seketeriwa
Kock (1981) loko a vula leswaku riencisi ri fanele ku nghena eka nongoloko wa matheme ya
vutsari tanihi xigaririmi xo karhi, xi ri xiave xa tindzimi ta Xintima ku engetela swin'wana
eka rhetoriki.
Nxopaxopo wa ririmi ra tinovhele ta dyondzo leyi wu paluxile nkucetelano wa tindzinii ta
Xintima ni ta Xilungu laha Afrika-Dzonga.
Xiyimo xa tidyondzo ta tindzimi ta Xintima ni matsalwa ya kona swi kombisiwile swi ri leswi
nga wisiki mbiln kutani ku bumabumeriwa ku va mfumo wu fanele Icu nghenelela. / This study of the language of eight Xitsonga novels was motivated by the fact that the
novelist as an artist uses language as his medium as indicated by Lodge (1979), Leech and
Short (1987), and Kahari (1986). This language produces the text and the imaginative object
called the novel. The main aim of this study was to determine how the language of the
authors whose works are being studied here, functions. This study had a secondary aim which
was the development of the Xitsonga language and to contribute to the raising of the status of
this language and other African languages by demonstrating that these languages can be used
in high domains such as a study of this nature.
The study is divided into five chapters. Chapter one indicates the aim of the sludy, and also
provides a theoretical basis by discussing matters pertaining to literature in general. Chapter
two analyses language in the expression of theme, while chapters three and four respectively
deal with the language of characterization and of the expression of milieu. The last chapter is
the general conclusion of the study, and recommendations.
Language is charged in different ways in its functioning, viz "melopoeia", the making of
music, "phanopoeia", the making of bright image and "logopoeia", the making of the resonant
word. This kind of language function is associated with the symbolism of language sounds,
and the corresponding symbolism of their written forms.
The significance of the ideophone was demonstrated in this study. This made it possible to
support fCock (1981) when she says that the ideophone should be included in a glossary of
literary terms as a figure for speech, as a contribution by African langauges to rhetoric.
The linguistic analysis of the novels of this study also revealed the mutual influence of
different languages, African and European, in South Africa.
The state of African language studies and African literature is indicated as a matter of concern
in this study and government intervention is recommended. / African Languages / D. Litt. et Phil. (African Languages)
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The Tswana short story : from B.D. Magoleng to O.K. BogatseSebate, Phaladi Moses 06 1900 (has links)
Chapter One of this thesis investigates the growth and development of the Tswana short
story. It commences with an evaluation of studies done on this genre and proceeds to a
brief exposition of the Tswana short stories published prior to 1995. It also provides
theoretical backgmund on the modern short story.
The main focus of Chapter Two concerns the major themes explored in Tswana short
stories. These include tradition and culture, love and marriage, the makgoweng motif,
religion as well as corruption and other social problems. This thesis has discovered that
the Tswana Miters not only criticise the negative aspects of these realities, but also
recognise their significance and beauty.
Chapter Three examines the organisational patte~ of the Tswana short story and tests it
against the structural pattenl of the West. It is revealed that the Tswana short story, like
short stories of other cultures, shows a continuous sequence of exposition, development
and resolution. However, it occasionaHy deviates from the nonn and commences with
philosophical commentaries and details irrelevant to the developmental phase. In
structuring their stories, the Tswana writers also use flashback and foreshadowing to link
their events. However, what has been discovered is that foreshadowing occurs less
frequently than flashback in the Tswana short story.
Chapter Four focusses on the word, the sentence and the paragraph and refers to other
related clements such as repetition, rhetorical questions, proverbs, idioms and Biblical
allusions. These elements serve to enhance the style of the Tswana short story and bring
the readers into a dialogic relationship with their language and culture.
Creative writing in Tswana illustrates a strong, dynamic relationship with oral tradition.
Chapter Five shows how writers have cirawn from the wealth of their traditional and
cultural heritage original and wlique devices to improve their works of art. The threads
of oral tradition that reveal themselves in the Tswana short story pertain to the
organisation of material, characterisation, setting, style and language as well as narrative
perspective.
In Chapter Six the findings of the earlier chapters are highlighted and recommendations
for future research are outlined. / African Languages / D.Litt. et Phil.(African Languages)
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Theme and character : some reflections on the historical context of the Ndebele novelNtabeni, Sally-Susan 07 1900 (has links)
According to Chiwome, ' ... a writer's social vislon is a soclo-spiritual and historical
product. A response to a complex process of Indoctrination' (1996: 16).The
response can be a reaction depending on whose interests the issue is considered.
The Ndebele novelist finds himself caught in the crossfire between two great
traditions. He tries to be true to his background while still having to do justice to his
newly acquired skill of graphically presenting his thoughts, feelings, and experiences
He is a Victim of socio-political systems bent on giving education which moulds the
mind to built-in- choices. Both poilitical eras use the printed word to further their
ideologies . The Ndebele novelist finds himself having to remould his artistic genius if
he is to fit in. In the process the goals of novelistic practice are missed.
The novel will not communicate effectively since it has to answer to particular
external forces. These forces derive,' ... from the urge of power to protect itself, to
perpetuate itself, to prevail' (Chiwome 1996 :22).
On the threshold of the two eras, the novel becomes a political statement. It Is this
political aspect of the novel which continues to create what Chiwome (1996) has
called creative timidity and mediocrity. / African Languages / M.A. (African Languages)
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The portrayal of childhood in German fiction from Keller to CarossaBerneaud, Jean Margaret January 1947 (has links)
The middle of the 19th century marks a stage in the development of childhood portrayal in German literature. But to take Keller as a starting point rather than Gotthelf, is to recognize in the former the deliberate selectiveness of the artist, and the importance given by him to the whole period of childhood. The wealth of present-day literature dealing with children and childhood would seem to make the drawing of any line of demarcation something of an arbitrary matter. Yet the name of Carossa not only establishes a link with Keller in the poetic interpretation of childhood, but points to a culmination of artistic achievement within our own times.
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Characterization in some short stories of I.T. MaditsiThokoane, Makgalakgatha Daniel 18 March 2014 (has links)
M.A. (African Languages) / During the past few decades the short story as a literary genre has attracted much attention. Languages such as Russian, English, French, German and later Afrikaans have produced outstanding writers in this genre, whereas writers in relatively younger languages such as Northern-Sotho are- still grappling with complexities such as form and structure in this art-form. Up to the present, the North-Sotho writer I.T. Maditsi has produced three short story collections, namely Mogologolo, Monyane and Dipheko. A number of selected short stories were selected from the three anthologies for a literary analysis, with special emphasis on characterization, which is one of the most important elements of. a successful short story. Few similar attempts have been made so far in Northern-Sotho. Therefore this study will hopefully make a valuable contribution to a better understanding of the short story in general and the Northern-Sotho short story in particular.
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L'organisation surnaturelle: Essai sur la littérature fantastiqueFinne, Jacques January 1978 (has links)
Doctorat en philosophie et lettres / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
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'n Ondersoek na die funksie van die verteller ten opsigte van die aktualiteit en romanwêreld in sommige Afrikaanse romansGoosen, Ella Johanna January 1983 (has links)
Een van die fundamenteelste en belangrikste aspekte van 'n roman is die verteller. Die verhouding waarin die verteller tot die verhaalstof staan, die verteller se perspektief op die gebeure, die soort verteller en die manier waarop die verteller sy implisiete leser deur die organisasie van die verhaal definieer en betrek is almal bepalende faktore vir die struktuur, die styl en die ontwikkelingsgang van die roman. Joseph T. Shipley (1966:144) stel die saak so: "In die analysis of a speech or literary composition, nothing is more important than to determine precisely the voice or voices presented as speaking and the precise nature of the address (i.e. specific direction to a hearer, an addressee); for in every speech reference to a voice or voices and implication of address (i.e. reference to a process of speech, actual or imagined) is a part of the meaning, for the interpretation of which it supplies an indispensable control ".
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Die metaroman : dekonstruksie-ondersoekHambidge, Joan, 1956- January 1984 (has links)
No description available.
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Style in L. Molefe's novel Ikhiwane elihleMsimang, Nomasonto Cabangile 11 November 2015 (has links)
M.A. (African Languages) / Please refer to full text to view abstract
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Social criticism in the English novel of the Great WarJordan, Morton Phillip January 1954 (has links)
There is a marked difference of purpose discernible in representative European, American and English novels of the Great War. The European war novel depicts the brutality and the horror of war; the American novel deals with the soldier's rejection of war; the English novel investigates the society from which the British soldier emerges. This thesis examines certain of the English war novels with a view to proving that they are effective social commentaries. The novels examined are Ford Madox Ford's Some Do Not ..., No More Parades. A Man Could Stand Up and The Last Post, all of which are published as the tetralogy Parade's End, Henry Major Tomlinson's All Our Yesterdays, Charles Edward Montague's Rough Justice and Richard Aldington's Death of a Hero.
In Rough Justice and in Death of a Hero the English public school is discovered to be incapable of producing thoughtful, imaginative leaders. The Great War reveals the serious intellectual shortcomings of teacher and student alike, each of whom is a victim of a traditional insistence upon scholastic and recreational standardization.
The Great War also reveals that the marriage institution in England is weak and decaying. Death of a Hero tells of the marriages in three generations of the same family and shows that neither the Victorian marriage tradition nor the reaction which grew up against it and took the form of free-love relationships is valuable. In Parade's End three marriages representing three social levels are shown to be insufficiently strong to withstand modern social pressures.
A further instance of low standards revealed by wartime behaviour in England is revealed in the degree to which sexual immorality motivates certain people. The ugliness of sexuality appears clearly in such figures as George Winterbourne's mother and her paramour Sam Browne in Aldington's Death of a Hero. It also appears in Sylvia Tietjens, young Brownlie and General Campion, in Ford's Parade’s End.
Further examples of moral ugliness come to light in the actions of Mrs. Macmaster in Parade's End and of Sir George Roads in Rough Justice. Each is ambitious; each is ruthlessly determined to succeed financially and socially. Materialism on the grand scale is depicted in Tomlinson’s All Our Yesterdays with the story of Jim Maynard's trip into Africa and of the intense jealousy shown by vested interests over useless jungle territory.
Selfishness of massive proportions appears in the war novels in the form of imperialism. Kipling's influence on the growth of imperialistic attitudes is noted. Aldington hates imperialism with a bitter hatred but finds it not surprising considering that public school graduates have the responsibility of formulating British policy. Tomlinson is less bitter but equally devastating in his examination of imperialism. He feels that war results from imperialistic policies.
Tomlinson shows how wide the gulf is, in wartime, between the soldier and his government and his society. Tomlinson, Aldington and Ford are all particularly bitter over the inept leadership provided by British officials. Each author attacks with determination the interference by government official and civilian in military affairs during critical times.
Self interest is again examined, this time as it manifests itself in class hatred and intolerance, particularly in Rough Justice. All Our Yesterdays expresses extreme disillusionment with the irreligious attitudes held by lay people and even by certain clergymen. Parade's End discovers society to be so thoroughly disenchanting that life in the trenches is preferred by at least one soldier to life with civilians.
The criticism of society launched by the veteran writer is, in general, valid. Evidence of social historians and of educationists supports the criticism of the school system. Statistics show a heavy increase in divorces. Investigating bodies agree that new attitudes to the marriage conventions are setting in. Sexuality, personal ambition, materialism and other attributes of people cannot be verified factually but the criticism of them which is found in the war novels is assumed to be valid in the absence of any disproving factors. Imperialism is shown by historians to have existed as a well defined nation policy at the turn of the century, one which enjoyed great public support. The general tenor of the soldier writers' criticisms of society is accurate and often provable and the novels are proven to be significant social commentaries. / Arts, Faculty of / English, Department of / Graduate
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