Mathematical Modeling of Fines Migration and Clogging in Porous Media Guido Kampel 87 Pages Directed by Dr. Guillermo H. Goldsztein A porous medium is a material that contains regions filled with fluid embedded in a solid matrix. These fluid filled regions are called pores or voids. Suspensions are fluids with small particles called fines. As a suspension flows through a porous material, some fines are trapped within the material while others that were trapped may be released. Filters are an example of porous media. We model filters as networks of channels. As a suspension flows across the filter, particles clog channels. We assume that there is no flow through clogged channels. In the first part of this thesis, we compute a sharp upper bound on the number of channels that can clog before fluid can no longer flow through the filter. Soil mass is another example of porous media. Fluid in porous media flows through tortuous paths. This tortuosity and inertial effects cause fines to collide with pore walls. After each collision, a particle looses momentum and needs to be accelerated again by hydrodynamic forces. As a result, the average velocity of fines is smaller than that of the fluid. This retardation of the fines with respect to the fluid may lead to an increase of the concentration of fines in certain regions which may eventually result in the plugging of the porous medium. This effect is of importance in flows near wells where the flow has circular symmetry and thus, it is not macroscopically homogeneous. In the second part of this thesis we develop and analyze a mathematical model to study the physical effect described above. In the third and last part of this thesis we study particle migration and clogging as suspension flows through filters by means of numerical simulations and elementary analysis. We explore the effect that network geometry, probability distribution of the width of the channels and probability distribution of the diameter of the particles have on the performance of filters.

Orientador: Antonio Celso Fonseca de Arruda / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecanica / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-31T14:51:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Maschio_Celio_D.pdf: 13410400 bytes, checksum: bcad1a44963fabb3c498533b4663302a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2001 / Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi o desenvolvimento de metodologias para o estudo de filtros e processos de filtração, utilizando a tomografia de raios-X, técnicas de processamento digital de imagens e simulação numérica. Os ensaios convencionais utilizados pelos fabricantes são realizados através da medida de parâmetros, tais como pressão e vazão, em pontos localizados a montante e a jusante do filtro. Estes ensaios não são eficientes na caracterização de defeitos e não revelam como ocorre o processo de saturação no interior do filtro. Neste trabalho, a tomografia de raios-X foi utilizada para duas finalidades básicas: estudar a distribuição de contaminantes e analisar defeitos no interior de elementos filtrantes. Os modelos de filtração encontrados na literatura não levam em conta o efeito do acúmulo de contaminantes no desempenho do filtro ao longo do processo de filtração. Neste trabalho, foi desenvolvido um modelo acoplando-se as equações de filtração com as equações fenomenológicas (lei de Darcy e equação da continuidade), de tal forma que o acúmulo de partículas no meio poroso (filtro) fosse considerado na simulação do processo de filtração. Os resultados demonstraram que o processo de saturação no interior dos elementos analisados não ocorre de forma homogênea, ou seja, o acúmulo de partículas é predominante em determinadas regiões. Em geral, há formação de canais preferenciais e o espaço interno do filtro não é totalmente utilizado na captura de partículas. Demonstrou-se também que, em alguns casos, o comportamento do filtro não é coerente com a especificação do fabricante. Foi possível, por fim, a utilização dos dados experimentais, obtidos via tomografia, para a validação do modelo teórico desenvolvido / Abstract: The development of methods for analysis of filters and filtration process, using X-ray computerized tomography, digital image processing and numerical simulation, was the objective of this work. Tests conventionally used by filter manufacturers are made through the measurement ofparameters, such as flow and pressure, at upstream and downstream ofthe filter. These tests are not efficient in the characterization of defects and do not reveal how the saturation process occurs within the filter. In this work, X-ray computerized tomography was used for two basic purposes: to evaluate contaminant distribution and to detect defects within the interior of the filter elements. The filtration models found in the literature do not consider the effect of contaminant concentration on the filter efficiency during the filtration processo In this work, filtration equations and phenomenological equations (Darcy's law and continuity equation) were coupled and a model that takes into account the contaminant accumulation on the filter performance was developed. The results demonstrated that the saturation process within the analyzed filters is not homogeneous, that is, the accumulation of partic1es is predominant in some regions. Generally, there are preferential channels and the interior of the filter elements is not totally utilized. In some cases, it was also demonstrated that the filter behavior does not agree with the manufacturer specifications. Finally, it was possible to use the experimental data obtained with X-ray computerized tomography, in order to validate the theoretical developed model / Doutorado / Materiais e Processos de Fabricação / Doutor em Engenharia Mecânica

Previous field demonstration projects in metro-Atlanta have shown that seep berms, which are elongated sedimentation basins at the outlet of a disturbed land area, can provide high suspended sediment trap efficiencies with respect to coarse sediments on construction sites having drainage areas greater than five acres. Previous literature has shown that vegetative filter strips are efficient traps for fine suspended sediment in stormwater runoff. A combination of a seep berm and vegetative filter in series was studied in this thesis as an erosion control measure with quantification of its flow resistance and sediment removal efficiency. First, a field demonstration project was implemented to evaluate seep berms as a viable erosion control measure through a side-by-side comparison with the more commonly-used silt fences on construction sites with drainage areas less than five acres in metro Atlanta. High suspended sediment trap efficiencies were recorded for the seep berm on two separate sites, and the seep berm was shown to be superior to silt fences with respect to sediment control in the site runoff. Then a vegetative filter was studied in the laboratory in a specially-built flume for that purpose. The relationship between vegetative drag coefficient and various parameters reflecting flow conditions and vegetation density in steady, uniform open channel flow was studied in the flume. Both rigid, emergent vegetation and submerged, flexible vegetation were studied at two different plant densities. The application of porous media flow concepts to open channel flow through vegetation resulted in a collapse of data for vegetative drag coefficient for the various vegetation types and densities into a single relationship when plotted against vegetative stem Reynolds number. Point velocity and turbulence intensity profiles at different locations in the vegetative filter were recorded with an acoustic Doppler velocimeter to observe the turbulence structure of the flow and its effects on vegetative drag and settling of sediment. A sediment slurry consisting of a suspension of fine sand was fed into the flume, and an automated sampler was used to measure suspended sediment concentrations along the vegetative filter length for a series of discharges from which sediment flux and trap efficiency could be determined. Experimental data for trap efficiency were plotted against a dimensionless settling efficiency for each type of vegetation and density. These relationships, along with the one developed for the coefficient of drag, were applied in a numerical design technique that allows designers to determine the flow depth, velocity and trap efficiency of a vegetative filter of known dimensions for a given flow rate, sediment grain size distribution, slope, and vegetation density. In a typical design example, the combined trap efficiency proved that a seep berm followed by a vegetative filter can be a very effective erosion control measure.

[Truncated abstract] Self-filtration is here defined as particle detachment and re-deposition causing re-arrangement of the particles and therefore pore space which affects water flow in soil by decreasing hydraulic conductivity. This is of particular important in soils which are susceptible to structural breakdown. The objective of this thesis was to examine the dynamics of the self-filtration process in sodic sandy soils as affected by ionic strength and soil solution composition. The temporal changes of hydraulic conductivity and the elution of fine particles from soil columns were used as the main criteria to assess selffiltration. Two porous media exhibiting significantly different structural cohesion were examined, one a loamy sand (Balkuling soil) from agricultural land use and the second a mining residue from mineral sands operations . . . The effects of the composition of mixed calcium (Ca) and sodium (Na) ions in solution (sodium adsorption ratio (SAR)) on the exchange behaviour and saturated hydraulic conductivity were examined by carrying out batch binary exchange and saturated column transport experiments. A strong preference for Ca2+ ions in the exchange complex was observed for both soils. Generally K/Ko was found to decrease with increasing sodium adsorption ratio with the more structured Balkuling soil maintaining K/Ko for SARs 3 and 5 at an electrolyte concentration of 100 mmol/L. However measurements at the critical threshold and turbidity concentrations at a SAR of 15 revealed structural breakdown of the pore matrix system attributed to various extents of slaking, swelling, dispersion and decreases of pore radii as a result of selffiltration during leaching. These experiments illustrate the wide range of complex interactions involving clay mineralogy, solution composition and structural factors which can influence the extent of mobilization, transport and re-deposition of colloidal particles during the leaching process in soil profiles.

A busca pela qualidade radiográfica com a menor dose de radiação absorvida é uma constante na comunidade radiológica. Juntamente com o princípio ALARA (As Low As Reasonably Achievable), os filtros de alumínio são peças fundamentais para barrar os fótons de baixa energia que não contribuem para a imagem e depositam dose de radiação para o paciente. De acordo com a Portaria n°453, a Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária decretou que todos os equipamentos de raios X odontológicos intrabucais devem possuir a filtração adicional. Nesse sentido, os filtros são peças fundamentais para a proteção radiológica do paciente. Este estudo tem por objetivo caracterizar a composição elementar dos filtros de raios X de equipamentos de raios X odontológicos intrabucais. O estudo também relaciona a composição elementar com a qualidade das imagens radiográficas. A análise dos filtros foi realizada por meio do método de Espectroscopia de Fluorescência de raios X por Energia Dispersiva (EDXRF). Foram analisados, qualitativa e quantitativamente, dez filtros de alumínio. Para avaliar a qualidade das imagens, foram realizadas 30 radiografias periapicais dos dentes molares com 0,3 s de tempo de exposição (dez radiografias) e incisivos com 0,2 s e 0,3 s (vinte radiografias) com os diferentes filtros em um equipamento com os parâmetros de 66 kV e 6,5 mA. Os filtros e as radiografias foram identificadas, para que fosse possível distinguir a que filtro cada radiografia pertencia no momento das avaliações. Todas as radiografias foram feitas sob as mesmas condições. As radiografias foram submetidas à análise das densidades óticas por um densitômetro e posteriormente, enviadas a cirurgiões dentistas radiologistas que fizeram a análise subjetiva. Foram selecionadas três regiões para análise do densitômetro (diferenciadas entre dentes molares e incisivos) e uma região para análise subjetiva (diferentes regiões para dentes molares e incisivos). Os dados obtidos foram correlacionados com a avaliação dos efeitos da composição elementar dos filtros na qualidade das imagens radiográficas. Os elementos encontrados na análise dos filtros foram: Al, S, Cl, Ti, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn e Zr. Os filtros apresentaram maiores concentrações de alumínio, com mais de 96% sendo os outros elementos contaminantes ou elementos que foram adicionados para melhorar a estabilidade mecânica do filtro. As densidades óticas das radiografias seguiram um padrão nas regiões analisadas, exceto as regiões enegrecidas do filme. A análise subjetiva revelou que muitas das radiografias realizadas poderiam ser aceitas para diagnóstico. Porém, imagens consideradas com baixo contraste obtiveram o mesmo valor de densidade ótica. Os resultados mostraram que a composição elementar dos filtros não modificou a qualidade da imagem. Por conseguinte, os filtros convencionais pesquisados oferecem uma opção aceitável para a produção de imagens de qualidade em radiologia odontológica, apesar das diferenças na composição das ligas. / The quest for radiographic quality with the lowest dose of radiation absorbed is a constant in the radiology community. Along with the ALARA principle (As Low As Reasonably Achievable), the aluminum filters are essential parts to bar the low energy photons do not contribute to the image and cause radiation dose to the patient. According to standard Portaria No. 453, the Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária decreed that all equipment intraoral dental X-rays must have an additional filtration. Acording this, the filters are essential parts to radiological protection of patients. This study aims to characterize the elemental composition of filters used in intraoral X-ray equipment. We also intend to relate them to the quality of the radiographic images. The analysis of the filters was made using the method Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence (EDXRF). Ten aluminum filters were analyzed (qualitatively and quantitatively). To evaluate the quality of images, 30 periapical radiographs of molars to 0.3 s (ten radiographs) and the incisor teeth 0.2 and 0.3 s (twenty radiographs) were performed with different filters. All filters and all radiographs were identified, it was possible to distinguish which folder each radiograph belonged at the time of the evaluations. All radiographs were performed under the same conditions. Radiographs were subjected to analysis of optical density by a densitometer and later, two dentists radiologists realized a subjective analysis. Three regions for analysis of the densitometer (differentiated between molars and incisors) and a region for subjective analysis (for different regions molars and incisors) were selected. The data were correlated with the assessment of the effects of the elemental composition of all filters in the quality of radiographic images. From the results, the elements of the filters in the analysis were: Al, S, Cl, Ti, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn and Zr. The filters had higher aluminum concentrations (over 96%), other elements were contaminants or components that are added to improve the mechanical stability of the filter. The optical densities of radiographs followed a pattern for the regions analyzed except blackened regions of the film. Subjective analysis revealed that many of the radiographs were accepted for diagnosis. But considered low-contrast images obtained the same value of optical density. Therefore, it is concluded that the elemental composition of filters do not change the image quality. Consequently, conventional filters were evaluated option to produce an acceptable image quality in dental radiology, despite differences in the composition of the alloys.

CAPES / O câncer de mama deve atingir cerca de 57.120 novos pacientes no Brasil em 2014, como divulgado pelo serviço de epidemiologia do Instituto Nacional de Câncer. Pesquisadores têm associado neoplasias mamárias às alterações nas concentrações de alguns elementos no tecido da mama, tais como: cálcio, ferro, cobre e zinco. Neste sentido a técnica de espectroscopia por fluorescência de raios X surge como uma ferramenta para caracterização elementar deste tipo de tecido. A eficácia da referida técnica é fortemente dependente do espectro de raios X incidente na amostra, bem como do procedimento de calibração do sistema de medição. Neste trabalho foi avaliada a influência dos filtros de alumínio na eficiência de medição das concentrações dos elementos atrelados à neoplasias mamárias e avaliação das concentrações mínimas que o equipamento do Laboratório de Física Nuclear Aplicada da Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná é capaz de registrar. O equipamento sobe investigação foi o da Amptek composto por um kit de um tubo de raios X modelo Mini-X e um detector do modelo X-123SD. Dos resultados, observou-se que para a quantificação dos referidos elementos simultaneamente, o uso de filtros de Al com espessura de 0,25 mm proporciona melhor eficácia na excitação dos mesmos. Além disso, foi verificado que são necessárias curvas de calibração específicas para cada elemento, as quais foram obtidas com cinco padrões biológicos da Agência Internacional de Energia Atômica. Os resultados permitiram comparar as concentrações dos padrões certificados aos obtidos pelos cálculos, assim como quantificar duas amostras de tecido mamário de características neoplásicas. / Breast cancer can reach around 57.120 new cases in Brazil in 2014, according the service of epidemiology in the National Cancer Institute. Researchers have been associated mammary neoplasm with changes of elements concentrations such as: calcium, iron, copper and zinc. In this way the technique of X-Ray Fluorescence appears like a tool to characterize this kind of neoplasm. The effectiveness of this technique is strongly dependent of X-ray spectrum incident on the sample as well as the calibration procedure of the measuring system. In present work, were evaluated the influence of aluminum filters on the measurement efficiency of the concentrations of the elements changed in mammary neoplasm and to evaluate the minimum concentrations that the equipment of the Laboratory of Applied Nuclear Physics at Federal University of Technology – Paraná is capable to register. The equipment under study was the Amptek kit of X-ray tube Mini-X and detector X-123SDD. The results obtained shown a simultaneous analysis, in that Al filters with thicknesses of 0.25 mm provides the best efficiency. Besides, it was verified that specifics calibration curves for each element was required, and it were obtained with five biological standards of International Atomic Energy Agency. The results made possible to compare the concentration of biological standards certificates with the equation obtained, in addition to analyze quantitatively two sample of breast tissue.

CAPES; / As características do material suportem afetam diretamente a eficiência de um reator, pois o número e os tipos de células que aderem em cada meio suporte podem variar de um material para outro. A partir do desenvolvimento dos primeiros filtros anaeróbios um ponto crucial identificado pela comunidade científica foi a busca por materiais suportes que melhor se adequassem, ou seja, inertes à biomassa imobilizada, proporcionando bons resultados, facilidade operacional e economicamente viáveis. Uma alternativa é a utilização de materiais alternativos para preenchimento dos filtros, com estrutura resistente, biológica e quimicamente inerte, leveza, maior área específica e porosidade elevada, com possibilidade de colonização acelerada dos microrganismos e custos reduzidos. Neste trabalho foram avaliadas a estabilidade e o comportamento hidrodinâmico de três filtros anaeróbios de fluxo ascendente, operados de modo contínuo, preenchidos com diferentes meios suportes para imobilização da biomassa, sendo carvão vegetal, cerâmica de argila e borracha de pneu, no tratamento de água residuária sintética à base de glicose como fonte de carbono. Os filtros, em escala de bancada (1,3 L), foram operados com TDH de 8 h e 4 h em duas etapas e mantidos a temperatura ambiente. A caracterização físico-química dos materiais foi realizada com determinação dos parâmetros pH, massa específica aparente, densidade, teor de umidade, material volátil, teor de cinzas, número de iodo, porosidade, granulometria, análise da morfologia, área superficial, volume e tamanho dos poros. O comportamento dos filtros foi avaliado por meio da determinação dos parâmetros de pH, temperatura do líquido, alcalinidade total e a bicarbonato, ácidos voláteis e DQO nas amostras do afluente e do efluente. Além disso, foram realizados ensaios de estímulo-resposta tipo pulso com eosina Y como traçador para avaliar o comportamento hidrodinâmico do reator. O desempenho dos filtros em termos de pH, alcalinidade total e a bicarbonato e ácidos voláteis foi estável nas duas etapas de operação. Os valores obtidos em termos de DQO nas amostras do afluente e efluente dos filtros com carvão ativado foram: - Etapa I: 457 e 38 mg.L-1 (94% de remoção); - Etapa II: 291 e 79 mg.L-1 (79% de remoção); com cerâmica de argila foram: - Etapa I: 457 e 81 mg.L-1 (81% de remoção); - Etapa II:: 291 0 e 129 mg.L-1 (60% de remoção); e com borracha de pneu foram: - Etapa I: 457 e 58 mg.L-1 (88% de remoção); - Etapa II: 291 e 117 mg.L-1 (63% de remoção). O teste estatístico de Kruskal-Wallis. e o pósteste de Dunn confirmaram os dados experimentais e provaram que para maior parte dos parâmetros há diferença nos valores entre os filtros e entre as duas etapas. Sendo as diferenças obtidas entre os filtro devido as características distintas de cada material, e as diferenças entre as etapas ocorrem pelo aumento da carga hidráulica, pois o aumento da velocidade ascensional diminui o tempo de retenção celular e assim o grau de estabilidade. Contudo, meio suporte permitem aos filtros mais estabilidade e boas eficiências de degradação. / The characteristics of material directly affect the reactor efficiency, because the number and the types of cells what adhere in each material support can be totally different from material to another. From the development of the first anaerobic filters an important point identified by the scientific community was the search for materials that support better fitted, i.e. biomass immobilized inert, providing good results, operating ease and economically viable. An alternative is to use alternative materials for filling of filters, with sturdy structure, biologically and chemically inert, lightness, bigger specific area and high porosity, with possibility of rapid colonization of microorganisms and reduced costs. In this thesis it was evaluated the stability and the hydrodynamic behavior of three upflow anaerobic filter, operated in continuous mode, filled with different material support from immobilization to biomass being active carbon, clay ceramic and tire rubber in the synthetic wastewater treatment on based glucose as carbon source. The filter, in bench scale (1,3 L), was operated HRT to 8 hours and 4 hours in two steps Kept at ambient temperature. The physicochemical characterization of the materials was carried out with determination of parameters pH, bulk density apparent, density, moisture content, volatile material, ash content, iodine number, porosity, particle size, morphology analysis, surface area, volume and size pores. The behavior of the filters was evaluated by determining the parameters pH, liquid temperature, total and bicarbonate alkalinity, volatile acids and COD in samples of influent and effluent. Further, tests were performed stimulus-response type pulse with eosin Y, to evaluate the hydrodynamic regime of the reactor.The values obtained in terms of COD in samples of influent and effluent filters with activated carbon were: - Stage I: 457 and 38 mg.L-1 (94% of removal); - Stage II: 291 and 79 mg.L-1 (79% of removal), with clay ceramic were: - Stage I: 457 e 81 mg.L-1 (81% of removal); - Stage II: 291 and 129 mg.L-1 (60% of removal) and tire rubber were: - Stage I: 457 and 58 mg.L-1 (88% of removal); - Stage II: 291 and 117 mg.L-1 (63% of removal). The Kruskal-Wallis Statistical test and the Dun post-test confirmed the experimental data and proved from most part of parameters there is difference on values between the filters and between the two steps. Being the differences obtained between the filters due to distinct characteristics of each material, and the differences between the steps happened by hydraulic charging increased, because the ascending speed increased reduce the retention cellular therefore the degree of stability. However, material support allow the filters more stability and good degradation efficiencies.

CAPES; / As características do material suportem afetam diretamente a eficiência de um reator, pois o número e os tipos de células que aderem em cada meio suporte podem variar de um material para outro. A partir do desenvolvimento dos primeiros filtros anaeróbios um ponto crucial identificado pela comunidade científica foi a busca por materiais suportes que melhor se adequassem, ou seja, inertes à biomassa imobilizada, proporcionando bons resultados, facilidade operacional e economicamente viáveis. Uma alternativa é a utilização de materiais alternativos para preenchimento dos filtros, com estrutura resistente, biológica e quimicamente inerte, leveza, maior área específica e porosidade elevada, com possibilidade de colonização acelerada dos microrganismos e custos reduzidos. Neste trabalho foram avaliadas a estabilidade e o comportamento hidrodinâmico de três filtros anaeróbios de fluxo ascendente, operados de modo contínuo, preenchidos com diferentes meios suportes para imobilização da biomassa, sendo carvão vegetal, cerâmica de argila e borracha de pneu, no tratamento de água residuária sintética à base de glicose como fonte de carbono. Os filtros, em escala de bancada (1,3 L), foram operados com TDH de 8 h e 4 h em duas etapas e mantidos a temperatura ambiente. A caracterização físico-química dos materiais foi realizada com determinação dos parâmetros pH, massa específica aparente, densidade, teor de umidade, material volátil, teor de cinzas, número de iodo, porosidade, granulometria, análise da morfologia, área superficial, volume e tamanho dos poros. O comportamento dos filtros foi avaliado por meio da determinação dos parâmetros de pH, temperatura do líquido, alcalinidade total e a bicarbonato, ácidos voláteis e DQO nas amostras do afluente e do efluente. Além disso, foram realizados ensaios de estímulo-resposta tipo pulso com eosina Y como traçador para avaliar o comportamento hidrodinâmico do reator. O desempenho dos filtros em termos de pH, alcalinidade total e a bicarbonato e ácidos voláteis foi estável nas duas etapas de operação. Os valores obtidos em termos de DQO nas amostras do afluente e efluente dos filtros com carvão ativado foram: - Etapa I: 457 e 38 mg.L-1 (94% de remoção); - Etapa II: 291 e 79 mg.L-1 (79% de remoção); com cerâmica de argila foram: - Etapa I: 457 e 81 mg.L-1 (81% de remoção); - Etapa II:: 291 0 e 129 mg.L-1 (60% de remoção); e com borracha de pneu foram: - Etapa I: 457 e 58 mg.L-1 (88% de remoção); - Etapa II: 291 e 117 mg.L-1 (63% de remoção). O teste estatístico de Kruskal-Wallis. e o pósteste de Dunn confirmaram os dados experimentais e provaram que para maior parte dos parâmetros há diferença nos valores entre os filtros e entre as duas etapas. Sendo as diferenças obtidas entre os filtro devido as características distintas de cada material, e as diferenças entre as etapas ocorrem pelo aumento da carga hidráulica, pois o aumento da velocidade ascensional diminui o tempo de retenção celular e assim o grau de estabilidade. Contudo, meio suporte permitem aos filtros mais estabilidade e boas eficiências de degradação. / The characteristics of material directly affect the reactor efficiency, because the number and the types of cells what adhere in each material support can be totally different from material to another. From the development of the first anaerobic filters an important point identified by the scientific community was the search for materials that support better fitted, i.e. biomass immobilized inert, providing good results, operating ease and economically viable. An alternative is to use alternative materials for filling of filters, with sturdy structure, biologically and chemically inert, lightness, bigger specific area and high porosity, with possibility of rapid colonization of microorganisms and reduced costs. In this thesis it was evaluated the stability and the hydrodynamic behavior of three upflow anaerobic filter, operated in continuous mode, filled with different material support from immobilization to biomass being active carbon, clay ceramic and tire rubber in the synthetic wastewater treatment on based glucose as carbon source. The filter, in bench scale (1,3 L), was operated HRT to 8 hours and 4 hours in two steps Kept at ambient temperature. The physicochemical characterization of the materials was carried out with determination of parameters pH, bulk density apparent, density, moisture content, volatile material, ash content, iodine number, porosity, particle size, morphology analysis, surface area, volume and size pores. The behavior of the filters was evaluated by determining the parameters pH, liquid temperature, total and bicarbonate alkalinity, volatile acids and COD in samples of influent and effluent. Further, tests were performed stimulus-response type pulse with eosin Y, to evaluate the hydrodynamic regime of the reactor.The values obtained in terms of COD in samples of influent and effluent filters with activated carbon were: - Stage I: 457 and 38 mg.L-1 (94% of removal); - Stage II: 291 and 79 mg.L-1 (79% of removal), with clay ceramic were: - Stage I: 457 e 81 mg.L-1 (81% of removal); - Stage II: 291 and 129 mg.L-1 (60% of removal) and tire rubber were: - Stage I: 457 and 58 mg.L-1 (88% of removal); - Stage II: 291 and 117 mg.L-1 (63% of removal). The Kruskal-Wallis Statistical test and the Dun post-test confirmed the experimental data and proved from most part of parameters there is difference on values between the filters and between the two steps. Being the differences obtained between the filters due to distinct characteristics of each material, and the differences between the steps happened by hydraulic charging increased, because the ascending speed increased reduce the retention cellular therefore the degree of stability. However, material support allow the filters more stability and good degradation efficiencies.