The subject of this master’s thesis is to analyze and evaluate the economic indicators of selected company and comparison of these indicators with the nearest competitors. The thesis is divided into three main sections. First part is theoretical and contains information about used economical and statistical terms. Second part contains of analysis of economic indicators, comparison of actual and predicted values and comparison with the nearest competitors. In order to predict future values of indicators, on selected indicators appropriate regression function has been applied. The last part of thesis contains of program created by using VBA in MS Excel, which is designed to calculate the economic indicators, and the part containing proposals for improving the situation of company.

The diploma thesis focuses on the assessment of synergistic effect in a consolidated entity. The thesis is necessary to select appropriate indicators for the analysiss of the achievement of synergy. It is evaluated whether the consolidated group achieved a synergistic effect of the acquisition based on the evaluation indicators and other available informations.

Content of this thesis is to evaluate the financial situation of the company during the period from 2010 to 2014, using available methods, strategic and financial analysis. Subsequently on the basis of these results are suggested measures to improve the deficiencies in the assets, liabilities, liquidity, profitability and overall financial situation of the company.

Master’s thesis evaluates financial situation of the company ZEDNÍČEK a.s within the period of years 2003 and 2007, by selected indicators of financial analysis. Mostly it deals with usage of elemental method’s indicators of financial analysis. It analyzes problems and proposes possible solutions, which will lead to the improvement of the company financial situation in the future.

Master's thesis deals with the assessment of selected financial indicators of the production company X in order to evaluate its performance and financial situation. Based on the results of the analyzes for the period 2008 to 2015 and the application of statistical methods of time series analysis and regression analysis, prognosis of future development of monitored indicators are obtained. Subsequently, the prognosis are used for the final formulating of proposals to improve future business efficiency of the company.

Este trabajo de investigación está orientado a organizar de manera sistemática las diferentes investigaciones que analizan la relación entre la diversidad de género en las juntas de directorio y el impacto que tiene en el desempeño financiero empresarial. El alcance de los argumentos que se exponen se basa en experiencias y datos de las diferentes industrias a nivel global sustentadas en el estudio de conceptos claves sobre diversidad de género, en los estereotipos que lo etiquetan y en las medidas internacionales que cada país adopta para incentivar la cuota femenina en las organizaciones. El estudio de indicadores financieros ayudó a la investigación a medir el impacto de la gestión de las directoras en el desempeño empresarial. En torno a ello, se encontraron posturas controversiales entre autores expertos en el tema, quienes destacan que los atributos, estilos y perfiles de las mujeres son fundamentales para determinar los beneficios o atajos que implica tener líderes mujeres en el directorio más aún en el mundo globalizado actual, pues este fenómeno obliga a las empresas a ser cada vez más competitivas para adaptarse con facilidad a un mercado constantemente cambiante. / This research paper explains the analysis of gender diversity in board of directors and its impact on corporate financial performance. The scope of the arguments presented is based on experiences and data from different industries at a global level based on the study of key concepts on gender diversity, on the stereotypes that label it and on the international measures that each country adopts to encourage the female quota in organizations. The financial indicators study helped the research measure the impact of women directors ' management on business performance. Around it, were found postures controversial among authors experts in the subject, who stand-out attributes, styles, and profiles of women are fundamental to determine the benefits or shortcuts that can bring the having women leaders in the directory even more in the globalized world in which we find ourselves, therefore, this phenomenon requires companies to be increasingly competitive to be easily adapted to a constantly changing market. / Trabajo de Suficiencia Profesional

This diploma thesis provides insight into the world of financial analysis from both theoretical and practical point of view. The basic theoretical apparatus used in the financial analysis is defined in the first part of the thesis and it is applied in the second part on the practical example of the company Baťa, akciová společnost. Emphasis is placed primarily on the issue of accounting procedures, analysis of profitability, liquidity, activity, debt analysis and non-financial indicators. The analysis of intercompany comparisons as a part of finacial analysis is aimed to be one of the basic characteristics of the thesis. Analyzed company is compared both to the industry and its main competitors. In the context of a comprehensive assessment of the financial health of the company, the Altman's model, the IN05 model and test for value added is applied.

No contexto atual dos mercados globalizados, as empresas enfrentam uma competicao cada vez mais complexa na obtencao de capital. Para atrai-lo, elas precisam oferecer um retorno que remunere o risco assumido pelos investidores, ou seja, gerar valor. A Gestao Baseada no Valor defende a maximizacao de riqueza dos acionistas como a meta principal da organizacao. No Brasil, essa abordagem tem sido adotada de forma mais intensa na ultima decada, tornando evidente a necessidade de monitorar o valor da firma nessa economia. Nesse contexto, o objetivo deste estudo foi identificar os principais direcionadores de valor das empresas de capital aberto nao financeiras brasileiras, representadas pelas companhias com acoes negociadas na Bolsa de Valores de Sao Paulo (BM&FBOVESPA), no periodo de 2000 a 2009. Para isso, foram avaliados quais indicadores financeiros estavam mais relacionados a geracao de valor, representada pelo Valor Economico Agregado (VEA), de forma a serem considerados direcionadores desse em cada setor economico. As tecnicas estatísticas utilizadas para esse proposito foram: correlacao, teste t para diferenca de medias entre as empresas com VEA positivo e negativo, regressao multipla, regressao em painel e regressão logistica. Um dos principais resultados encontrados foi que pelo menos dois tercos dos indicadores financeiros utilizados para analise de empresas nao explicam a geracao de valor. Considerando o universo pesquisado, os indicadores financeiros significativamente relacionados a geracao de valor foram: retorno sobre o patrimonio liquido (ROE), retorno sobre o ativo (ROA), spread do acionista, margem bruta, margem liquida e giro do ativo, todos com coeficiente positivo, ou seja, com relacao direta com o VEA. Alem disso, na analise dos setores economicos, por suas caracteristicas especificas, foram encontradas divergencias entre os indicadores financeiros considerados direcionadores de valor. Em relacao ao desempenho das empresas no periodo de analise, observou-se que a maioria delas destruiu valor, ja que apenas 30% obtiveram valor economico agregado anual positivo. Porem, nao ha uniformidade entre os setores, pois as porcentagens medias variaram de 6,7% (setor textil) a 66,7% (setor de petroleo e gas). Outra contribuicao deste trabalho foi a avaliacao das diferencas na geracao de valor das empresas brasileiras antes e apos a crise do subprime. Como resultado tem-se que, embora o ano de 2009 tenha sido o segundo pior nesse quesito, nao foi encontrada diferenca significativa, no conjunto, entre os periodos antes e depois da crise, apesar das divergencias identificadas entre os setores. Esta pesquisa inova pela sua amplitude, ao utilizar um significativo numero de indicadores financeiros (33), que refletem o resultado de estrategias da empresa ligadas a estrutura de capital, rentabilidade, liquidez, operacao e investimento e, tambem, uma ampla base de dados (345 empresas, totalizando 2.205 relatorios anuais), abrangendo dez anos de analise em quinze setores economicos. Assim, espera-se que os resultados contribuam para subsidiar a tomada de decisao nas organizacoes, utilizando a abordagem da Gestao Baseada no Valor, bem como para auxiliar na selecao e monitoramento das empresas pelos investidores. / In the current context of globalized markets, the enterprises face a competition more and more complex in the capital obtainment. To attract it, they need to offer a return that rewards the risk taken by the investors, in other words, create value. The Value Based Management (VBM) defends the shareholders wealth maximization as the main goal of the firm. In Brazil, this approach has been adopted more intensively in the last decade, becoming evident the need of monitoring the business value in this economy. In this context, the objective of this study was to identify the main value drivers of non-financial publicly traded Brazilian companies, represented by the ones with shares traded in the Sao Paulo Stock Exchange (BM&FBOVESPA), in the period from 2000 to 2009. For this purpose, it was evaluated which financial indicators were more associated to the value creation, represented by the Economic Value Added (EVAR), in a way that they could be considered value drivers in each economic sector. The statistical techniques used to obtain the results were: correlation, test t for mean differences between the firms with EVAR positive and negative, multiple regression, panel regression and logit model. One of the main results obtained was that at least two thirds of the financial indicators used for company analysis don\'t explain the value creation. Considering the universe studied, the financial indicators significantly related to the value creation were: return on equity (ROE), return on assets (ROA), shareholder spread, gross margin, net margin and asset turnover, all of them with positive coefficient, what means that they have direct relation with EVAR. Furthermore, in the analysis of the economic sectors, because of their specific features, it was found differences between the financial indicators considered value drivers. In relation to the companies\' performance in the period analyzed, it was observed that most of them destroyed value, since only 30% obtained positive annual economic value added. However, there is no uniformity between the sectors, because the average percentages varied from 6.7% (textile sector) to 66.7% (oil and gas sector). Another contribution of this assignment was the analysis of the differences in the Brazilian companies\' value creation before and after the subprime crisis. As a result, despite the fact that the year of 2009 had been the second worst in this criterion, it was found no significant difference, considering the whole sample, between the periods before and after the crisis. However, divergences were identified between the sectors. This research innovates for its extent, using a significant number of financial indicators (33), which reflect the result of the firm strategies connected to capital structure, profitability, liquidity, operation and investment, besides a wide database (345 companies, totalizing 2,205 annual reports), covering ten years of analysis in fifteen economic sectors. Therefore, it is expected that the results contribute to subsidize the decision making in the organizations, using the approach of Value Based Management, as well as to help the selection and monitoring of the firms by the investors.

Σκοπός της εν λόγω διπλωματικής εργασίας είναι η μελέτη και η αξιολόγηση των οικονομικών καταστάσεων των αγροτικών επιχειρήσεων που δραστηριοποιούνται στο νομό Αιτωλοακαρνανίας με την χρήση χρηματοοικονομικών δεικτών. Σημαντικό στοιχείο της εργασίας αποτελεί το γεγονός ότι η χρονική περίοδος αξιολόγησης των επιχειρήσεων διαχωρίζεται με ορόσημο το διαχειριστικό έτος 2008 ώστε να έχουμε μία πλήρη εικόνα των επιχειρήσεων προ οικονομικής κρίσης και μετά. / --

No contexto atual dos mercados globalizados, as empresas enfrentam uma competicao cada vez mais complexa na obtencao de capital. Para atrai-lo, elas precisam oferecer um retorno que remunere o risco assumido pelos investidores, ou seja, gerar valor. A Gestao Baseada no Valor defende a maximizacao de riqueza dos acionistas como a meta principal da organizacao. No Brasil, essa abordagem tem sido adotada de forma mais intensa na ultima decada, tornando evidente a necessidade de monitorar o valor da firma nessa economia. Nesse contexto, o objetivo deste estudo foi identificar os principais direcionadores de valor das empresas de capital aberto nao financeiras brasileiras, representadas pelas companhias com acoes negociadas na Bolsa de Valores de Sao Paulo (BM&FBOVESPA), no periodo de 2000 a 2009. Para isso, foram avaliados quais indicadores financeiros estavam mais relacionados a geracao de valor, representada pelo Valor Economico Agregado (VEA), de forma a serem considerados direcionadores desse em cada setor economico. As tecnicas estatísticas utilizadas para esse proposito foram: correlacao, teste t para diferenca de medias entre as empresas com VEA positivo e negativo, regressao multipla, regressao em painel e regressão logistica. Um dos principais resultados encontrados foi que pelo menos dois tercos dos indicadores financeiros utilizados para analise de empresas nao explicam a geracao de valor. Considerando o universo pesquisado, os indicadores financeiros significativamente relacionados a geracao de valor foram: retorno sobre o patrimonio liquido (ROE), retorno sobre o ativo (ROA), spread do acionista, margem bruta, margem liquida e giro do ativo, todos com coeficiente positivo, ou seja, com relacao direta com o VEA. Alem disso, na analise dos setores economicos, por suas caracteristicas especificas, foram encontradas divergencias entre os indicadores financeiros considerados direcionadores de valor. Em relacao ao desempenho das empresas no periodo de analise, observou-se que a maioria delas destruiu valor, ja que apenas 30% obtiveram valor economico agregado anual positivo. Porem, nao ha uniformidade entre os setores, pois as porcentagens medias variaram de 6,7% (setor textil) a 66,7% (setor de petroleo e gas). Outra contribuicao deste trabalho foi a avaliacao das diferencas na geracao de valor das empresas brasileiras antes e apos a crise do subprime. Como resultado tem-se que, embora o ano de 2009 tenha sido o segundo pior nesse quesito, nao foi encontrada diferenca significativa, no conjunto, entre os periodos antes e depois da crise, apesar das divergencias identificadas entre os setores. Esta pesquisa inova pela sua amplitude, ao utilizar um significativo numero de indicadores financeiros (33), que refletem o resultado de estrategias da empresa ligadas a estrutura de capital, rentabilidade, liquidez, operacao e investimento e, tambem, uma ampla base de dados (345 empresas, totalizando 2.205 relatorios anuais), abrangendo dez anos de analise em quinze setores economicos. Assim, espera-se que os resultados contribuam para subsidiar a tomada de decisao nas organizacoes, utilizando a abordagem da Gestao Baseada no Valor, bem como para auxiliar na selecao e monitoramento das empresas pelos investidores. / In the current context of globalized markets, the enterprises face a competition more and more complex in the capital obtainment. To attract it, they need to offer a return that rewards the risk taken by the investors, in other words, create value. The Value Based Management (VBM) defends the shareholders wealth maximization as the main goal of the firm. In Brazil, this approach has been adopted more intensively in the last decade, becoming evident the need of monitoring the business value in this economy. In this context, the objective of this study was to identify the main value drivers of non-financial publicly traded Brazilian companies, represented by the ones with shares traded in the Sao Paulo Stock Exchange (BM&FBOVESPA), in the period from 2000 to 2009. For this purpose, it was evaluated which financial indicators were more associated to the value creation, represented by the Economic Value Added (EVAR), in a way that they could be considered value drivers in each economic sector. The statistical techniques used to obtain the results were: correlation, test t for mean differences between the firms with EVAR positive and negative, multiple regression, panel regression and logit model. One of the main results obtained was that at least two thirds of the financial indicators used for company analysis don\'t explain the value creation. Considering the universe studied, the financial indicators significantly related to the value creation were: return on equity (ROE), return on assets (ROA), shareholder spread, gross margin, net margin and asset turnover, all of them with positive coefficient, what means that they have direct relation with EVAR. Furthermore, in the analysis of the economic sectors, because of their specific features, it was found differences between the financial indicators considered value drivers. In relation to the companies\' performance in the period analyzed, it was observed that most of them destroyed value, since only 30% obtained positive annual economic value added. However, there is no uniformity between the sectors, because the average percentages varied from 6.7% (textile sector) to 66.7% (oil and gas sector). Another contribution of this assignment was the analysis of the differences in the Brazilian companies\' value creation before and after the subprime crisis. As a result, despite the fact that the year of 2009 had been the second worst in this criterion, it was found no significant difference, considering the whole sample, between the periods before and after the crisis. However, divergences were identified between the sectors. This research innovates for its extent, using a significant number of financial indicators (33), which reflect the result of the firm strategies connected to capital structure, profitability, liquidity, operation and investment, besides a wide database (345 companies, totalizing 2,205 annual reports), covering ten years of analysis in fifteen economic sectors. Therefore, it is expected that the results contribute to subsidize the decision making in the organizations, using the approach of Value Based Management, as well as to help the selection and monitoring of the firms by the investors.