Concern of this thesis is a topic of an IT audit on financial institutions. These institutions are subject to severe regulations and considering their purpose -- to provide financial services, it has to be maintained unconditional security of both their information system and data. Therefore, financial institutions belong to the group of the most common customers of IT audit services. Opening part is dedicated to the relationship between financial audit and IT audit. Their history is described until present days. Both local and international contemporary legislation is also described. Then the COBIT methodology is introduced as main methodology concerning IT auditing. Finally, conclusions about relationship between financial audit and IT audit are presented. Following part of this thesis introduce essential requirements on financial institutions controls that are specific for this sector. There are several kinds of assurances and audit is only one of them, so the following part is dedicated to the introduction of each kind with description of their specifics. In the last, practical, part the IT audit checklist for financial institutions is worked out.

Based on identified factors, non-traditional collateral secured loans can be viable to low income borrowers in developing markets. By being innovative and adjusting the typical banking business model, these loans can provide funding to people who otherwise would not have been able to get funding through the formalised banking system. A large number of individuals, at the bottom of the pyramid in developing countries, do not have access to property rights (property is usually used as collateral in secured loans). The purpose of this study is to determine if non-traditional collateral secured loans can be provided to individuals, SME’s and entrepreneurs at the bottom of the pyramid in developing markets. A qualitative study was conducted from interviews with Heads of Credit, Chief Risk Officers and Secured Lending Heads in financial institutions that provide secured lending offerings in developing markets. The study indicates that specific behavioural trends are associated with secured loan repayments that indicate favourable for lending institutions. Economies of scale in collateral evaluation and monitoring, is a critical factor to this lending approach to enable cost reduction. Being entrenched in the market and pro-active management in a market where very little infrastructure exist is a key factor to success. / Dissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2014. / lmgibs2015 / Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS) / Unrestricted

No abstract available. / Dissertation (LLM)--University of Pretoria, 2011. / gm2014 / Centre for Human Rights / unrestricted

Synergy among departments is increasingly considered vital for organizations to use their full resources to deal with threats and explore opportunities in the rapidly changing marketplace. Although valuable, developing synergy among departments is a difficult management challenge. Departments within organizations often have their own business goals, yet the coordination of these goals is a precondition for overall organizational effectiveness. The need for goal coordination makes departments interdependent (Thompson, 1967), but this interdependence may become particularly problematic when the different departmental goals are incompatible (St. John & Hall, 1991). Because of the value of cooperative goals for coordination, managers want to understand the conditions that lead people to believe their interests are basically positively associated in an organizational setting. In this study, we explore what factors increase the likelihood of having broad role identities, in which employees not only care for the goals characteristic of their own department, but also for goals of other departments. This gives rise to the question of not whether, but under what circumstances, departments develop organizational cohesion. That is the key question that must be approached by theories of intergroup relations in order to successfully understand the dynamics of interdepartmental coordination, cooperation, and conjunction. In this study, we propose that the degree to which people have concern for the organizational goals is partly rooted in interdepartmental goal interdependence. This study assumes that high departmental and interdepartmental effectiveness will be promoted by constructive cooperation between departments within organizations. In doing so, we connect the theory of cooperation and competition and social identity theory to test what interdepartmental structures will improve organizational effectiveness. Accordingly, we consider a congregation of structures by which coordination between departments can be managed. The study suggests that interdepartmental relationships are influenced or determined by contextual structures, especially task interdependence, shared rewards, and interdepartmental groups, operating first upon goal interdependence and social identity, with the effects on the interdepartmental coordination as subsequent outcomes. In practice, if each group were producing its own product or service, there might be little need for significant intergroup coordination. In most cases, however, identifiable groups in organizations are producing only a segment of the organization’s product or service. Coordination between such groups is a necessity. As professional firms that provide multiple services are well suited to exploring interdepartmental relationships (Tomasic, 1991; Eccles and Crane, 1988), this study collected the questionnaires from financial companies in mainland China. As a result, we found that three factors promoted effective interdepartmental coordination and thus high organizational performance. First, coordination will be more effective if there are compatible or cooperative goals between departments. Second, coordination will be more effective if the departments are addressed and rewarded on over-all performance measures embracing the activities of the several departments. Third, interdepartmental coordination will be more effectively achieved and over-all organizational performance will be higher to the extent that departments have salient organizational identities rather than departmental identities. This research has both theoretical and practical contributions. Theoretically, this study provides a test of whether interdepartmental structures promote synergy in financial companies in China. This study adds to research on cooperation and competition by identifying the interdepartmental structures as important antecedents to goal interdependence. This study adds to research on social identities by identifying the interdepartmental structures such as motivational and affective antecedents to organizational identities. This study also adds to research on intergroup relationships by developing the model to enhance the coordination relations among formal departments in organizations. Practically, this study has implications for developing interdepartmental relationships in the company, especially in those financial companies in mainland China; this study also provides empirical evidence of the utility of the interdepartmental structures and suggests that cooperative goals and organizational identity mediate their effects on organizational effectiveness.

Hablar de modernidad es hablar de un entorno digital. Muchas de las actividades que realizamos a diario están ligadas directamente a un dispositivo móvil y a una aplicación, teniendo con ello un sinfín de posibilidades en la palma de nuestra mano: comunicarse con personas en todo el mundo, interactuar en las redes sociales, leer noticias, comprar en cualquier tienda a nivel mundial, conocer el tráfico, escuchar música, ver películas, mirar el clima, etc. Estos procesos de digitalización son utilizados también por el sector bancario, que no ha sido ajeno a estos cambios, a través de canales virtuales, conocidos como banca móvil, servicio proporcionado por estas entidades que permiten a sus clientes realizar diferentes transacciones financieras de forma remota sin tener que ir a una agencia u oficina, como pagar sus deudas, transferir dinero, revisar sus saldos y movimientos bancarios, etc. La banca móvil además, proporciona al cliente otros beneficios como el ahorro de tiempo y un abanico de soluciones financieras de manera inmediata, etc., ventajas que han impulsado su uso en Millennials, segmento de la población nacido entre 1980 y 1999 que para el 2020 será el 50% de la fuerza laboral del país. Esta investigación pretende mostrar cuáles son los factores que influyen para que la banca móvil sea adoptada por este segmento en Lima Urbana, para ello se utilizó el modelo de UTAUT2, considerando los factores intervinientes como el nivel socioeconómico y el banco al que son clientes las personas que fueron encuestadas. / To talk about modernity, it is to talk about a digital environment. Several of our daily tasks are directly linked to a mobile device and to an app, thus having endless possibilities to the touch of a finger: communicate with people around the world, interact in social networks, read the news, buy anything worldwide, live update of the traffic, listen to music, watch movies, the weather, etc. These digitization processes are also used by the banking sector, which has not been oblivious to these changes, through virtual channels, known as mobile banking, service provided by these entities that allow clients to carry out different financial transactions remotely without having to go to an agency or office, such as paying off your debts, transferring money, checking your balances and bank movements, etc. Also, Mobile banking provides clients with other benefits such as saving time and a range of financial solutions immediately, etc., advantages that have boosted its use in Millennials, a segment of the population born between 1980 and 1999 that by 2020 It will be 50% of the country's workforce. This research aims to show what are the factors that influence mobile banking that had to be adopted by this segment in Urban Lima, for this the UTAUT2 model was used, considering the intervening factors such as socioeconomic status and the bank to which people are clients They were surveyed. / Tesis

In the midst of global economic and financial integration, there are increasing cross-border capital flows between China and the rest of the world. Foreign financial businesses also start to play more important roles in the nation's market after waves of financial reforms. Within such a background, this study aims to investigate the agglomeration and location choice of overseas financial institutions in Chinese cities. Data from the 2004 China Economic Census show that foreign financial establishments, including banks, insurance companies, and other financial service businesses, were mainly agglomerated in coastal cities. In particular, three major urban areas, Shanghai, Beijing, and Guangzhou, concentrated a majority of overseas financial institutions. Results from regression models show that foreign businesses' location choice is greatly influenced by a city's urban economy, involvement in the global market, and telecommunication infrastructure. However, we do not find a significant link between foreign financial institutions' market entry and the size of domestic financial centers in China.

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A Research Report submitted in fulfillment of the Degree of Master of Commerce (Economics/Economic Science) in the School of Economic and Business Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 27 September 2019 / This study uses a panel data estimation approach to estimate the relationship between financial inclusion and economic growth using the case of 34 countries in Sub-Saharan Africa. The study uses panel data sourced from the World Bank which include the Global Financial Index survey and World Development Indicators covering the periods of 2011, 2014 and 2017. The study analysis is based on two models, the first model measures the relationship between financial inclusion and economic growth and the second model measures the relation between financial inclusion and financial development. The results of the first model established a relationship between financial inclusion (measured by account ownership and a composite financial index) and economic growth (measured by Logarithm of GDP). This confirms what is in the literature, that financial inclusion stimulates economic growth. The results from the second model established that financial development (measured by the ratio of credit to GDP) is significantly related to financial inclusion (measured by account ownership and the composite index of financial inclusion). Overall, the results indicate that the use of composite variable and General Least Squares estimation approaches improves the robustness of the regression models. Based on these findings, the study, therefore, recommends among other things that the government promote financial inclusion through reforms in education, trade and industrialisation. / PH2020

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