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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Avaliação de diferentes substratos no tratamento de esgoto sanitário por zona de raízes / Evaluation of different substrates in the treatment of sanitary sewage by root zone

Pitaluga, Douglas Pereira da Silva 28 June 2011 (has links)
Submitted by Erika Demachki (erikademachki@gmail.com) on 2016-01-14T12:59:48Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Douglas Pereira da Silva Pitaluga - 2014.pdf: 5824789 bytes, checksum: 85a87385cf42dae67ee7e83bc0803d6e (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Erika Demachki (erikademachki@gmail.com) on 2016-01-14T13:05:22Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Douglas Pereira da Silva Pitaluga - 2014.pdf: 5824789 bytes, checksum: 85a87385cf42dae67ee7e83bc0803d6e (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-14T13:05:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Douglas Pereira da Silva Pitaluga - 2014.pdf: 5824789 bytes, checksum: 85a87385cf42dae67ee7e83bc0803d6e (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-06-28 / The present study had the goal of assessing the efficiency and behavior of three substrates in the treatment of sanitary sewage in a root zone system. Specifically the objectives were to assess the behavior of the washed sand, gravel # 0 and gravel # 1 substrates and relate their efficacies in a root zone system with sub-superficial horizontal flow preceded by a septic tank and an anaerobic filter in the treatment of a sewage coming from one university unit. The repetitions of raw sewage constituted of five simple samples and five composed samples. The repetitions of the effluent of each stage of the treatment constituted of nineteen simple samples. All the samples were performed fortnightly and submitted to laboratorial analysis. Were assessed parameters the BOD, DO, COD, thermotolerant coliforms, pH, total phosphorus, Kjeldahl total nitrogen, ammoniacal nitrogen, oil and grease, total solids, total fixed solids and suspended solids. The experimental system of sewage treatment was set up at the Civil Engineering College, located at Campus I of the Federal University of Goiás, in the east region of the city of Goiânia – Goiás, Brazil, which constituted of a septic tank and an anaerobic filter, followed by three independent units of root zones. Each unit of the root zones received the flow of 180 L d-1, which corresponds to the area of a treatment station of 3 m2 per inhabitant. The treatment in these units occurred simultaneously. After thirty days from the beginning of the sewage application in the root zones, the collection of the samples to the analysis of the effluent and affluent quality were started. Considering the plant evapotranspiration, the results were analyzed by the tool Statistical Analysis System – SAS, performing F tests and Tukey – Kramer test with a 5% probability. The percentage efficacies of the three substrates used were similar. There hasn’t been any significant difference between the efficacies of the treatments in the removal of the attributes: COD, Kjeldahl total nitrogen, ammoniacal nitrogen, oil and grease. The treatment with washed sand substrate was more efficient in the removal of BOD and total phosphorous. The gravel # 0 was more efficient in the removal of thermotolerant coliforms, total solids and fixed total solids, and gravel # 1 was more efficient in the removal of suspended solids. After 18 months the system started working, the channel filled with washed sand colmatated. / O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a eficiência e o comportamento de três substratos no tratamento de esgoto sanitário, num sistema do tipo zona de raízes. De modo específico, objetivou-se avaliar o comportamento dos substratos areia lavada, brita # 0 e brita # 1 e relacionar suas eficiências num sistema do tipo zona de raízes de fluxo subsuperficial horizontal, precedido de tanque séptico e filtro anaeróbio, no tratamento do esgoto gerado numa unidade universitária. As repetições do esgoto bruto foram constituídas por cinco amostragens compostas e cinco amostragens simples. Já as repetições do efluente de cada etapa do tratamento foram constituídas por dezenove amostragens simples. Todas as amostragens foram realizadas quinzenalmente e submetidas a análises laboratoriais. Foram avaliados os parâmetros de DBO, OD, DQO, coliformes termotolerantes, pH, óleos e graxas, fósforo total, nitrogênio total Kjeldahl, nitrogênio amoniacal, sólidos totais, sólidos totais fixos e sólidos suspensos. O sistema experimental de tratamento de esgotos foi implantado na Escola de Engenharias, localizada no Campus I da Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), região Leste da cidade de Goiânia-GO e constituiu-se de um tanque séptico e um filtro anaeróbio, seguidos por três unidades de zona de raízes independentes. Cada unidade de zona de raízes recebeu uma vazão de 180 L d-1, correspondente a uma área de sistema zona de raízes de 3 m2 por habitante. O tratamento nestas unidades ocorreu de forma simultânea. Após trinta dias do início da aplicação de esgoto nas zonas de raízes, iniciaram-se as amostragens para a análise da qualidade do afluente e dos efluentes. Considerando a evapotranspiração das plantas, os resultados foram analisados pela ferramenta Statistical Analysis System – SAS, realizando os Testes F e de Tukey – Kramer, a 5% de probabilidade. As eficiências percentuais dos três substratos utilizados foram semelhantes. Não houve diferença significativa entre as eficiências dos tratamentos na remoção dos atributos: DQO, nitrogênio total Kjeldahl, nitrogênio amoniacal e óleos e graxas. O tratamento com substrato areia lavada foi mais eficiente na remoção de: DBO e fósforo total; o substrato brita # 0 foi mais eficiente na remoção de coliformes termotolerantes, sólidos totais e sólidos totais fixos, e a brita # 1 foi mais eficiente na redução dos sólidos suspensos. Após 18 meses do início de funcionamento do sistema o leito preenchido com areia lavada colmatou.
2

Raudonųjų dobilų įtakos dirvožemio valymui nuo sunkiųjų metalų tyrimai ir vertinimas / Analysis and Estimation of Red Clovers Influence on Soil Regeneration

Jasulaitytė, Giedrė 28 June 2010 (has links)
Darbą sudaro 107 puslapiai, 4 skyriai, 7 lentelės, 70 paveikslų, apžvelgta 101 literatūros šaltiniai. Apžvalginės dalies tikslas – išnagrinėti dirvožemio atstatymo metodus, parinkti tinkamiausią Lietuvos sąlygomis. Išnagrinėtos raudonųjų dobilų veislės, jų ligos, apžvelgtas dirvožemio atstatymo taikymas pasaulio šalyse. Išanalizuotos modeliavimo programos naudojamos sunkiųjų metalų pernašai dirvožemyje ir augaluose. Antrajame darbo skyriuje pateikta raudonųjų dobilų auginimo, paruošimo analizė bei dirvožemio mėginių analizavimo metodika. Trečiajame darbo skyriuje pateiktas sunkiųjų metalų sorbavimas iš dirvožemio naudojant raudonuosius dobilus, kurie buvo auginti švariame, vieną kartą užterštame ir periodiškai teršiamame dirvožemiuose esant skirtingoms sunkiųjų metalų koncentracijoms dirvožemyje. Užteršus dirvožemį didesnės už DLK sunkiųjų metalų koncentracijomis raudonieji dobilai po VI mėnesių dirvožemį išvalė: nuo Cu iki 28 %, nuo Mn–30 %, nuo Ni–32 %, nuo Cr–31%, nuo Zn–17 %, nuo Pb–23 %. Raudonieji dobilai sunkiuosius metalus geriausiai sorbuoja pirmaisiais augimo mėnesiais, nes augalams reikia daugiau mineralinių medžiagų,tarp jų ir sunkiųjų metalų. Ketvirtame skyriuje pateikta duomenų apdorojimo ir matematinio modeliavimo PHYTO–DSS programa. Gauti rezultatai parodė, kad naudojant fitoremediaciją po 1 metų raudonieji dobilai išvalo dirvožemį nuo Mn iki 38 %, nuo cinko iki 20 %, nuo Cr iki 45 %, nuo Ni iki 37 %, nuo Cu iki 33 %, nuo Pb iki 26 %, lyginant su po VI... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Work consists of 107 pages, 4 sections, 7 tables, 70 illustrations, and 101 references. The aim of literature review part was soil regeneration techniques and to examine the most explored method – fitoremediation. It is also analysed the varieties of red clover breeds and their characteristically diseases and application for soil regeneration in the world. It is discussed about simulation programs used for heavy metals transfer in soils and plants. In the second section is presented methodology of the red clover cultivation, processing and analysis of soil samples. In the third section of the work is presented the use of red clover for heavy metals sorption from soil. The experimental research was done by growing red clover on clean, once contaminated and periodically contaminated soils. After VI months red clover cleaned soil from heavy metals in following: from Cu 28%, Mn – 30%, Ni – 32%, Cr – 31%, Zn – 17%, Pb – 23%. Red clover’s the best cleaning efficiency occurs in the first growing months, because plants need more minerals, including heavy metals. Data processing and mathematical modelling was made with Phyto-DSS program. Simulation results revealed that the use for fitoremediation red clover after 1 year Mn is cleaned up to 38%, Zn – 20%, Cr – 45%, Ni – 37%, Cu – 33%, Pb – 26%, comparing with the VI-month research results. The work summarizes the findings and recommendations.
3

Avaliação de diferentes substratos no tratamento de esgoto sanitário por zona de raízes / Evaluation of different substrates in the treatment of sanitary sewage by root zone

PITALUGA, Douglas Pereira da Silva 28 June 2011 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-29T15:01:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Douglas Pereira da Silva Pitaluga.pdf: 5429888 bytes, checksum: 32eb4d8cd9077124fcd7f2e8207c5e41 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-06-28 / The present study had the goal of assessing the efficiency and behavior of three substrates in the treatment of sanitary sewage in a root zone system. Specifically the objectives were to assess the behavior of the washed sand, gravel # 0 and gravel # 1 substrates and relate their efficacies in a root zone system with sub-superficial horizontal flow preceded by a septic tank and an anaerobic filter in the treatment of a sewage coming from one university unit. The repetitions of raw sewage constituted of five simple samples and five composed samples. The repetitions of the effluent of each stage of the treatment constituted of nineteen simple samples. All the samples were performed fortnightly and submitted to laboratorial analysis. Were assessed parameters the BOD, DO, COD, thermotolerant coliforms, pH, total phosphorus, Kjeldahl total nitrogen, ammoniacal nitrogen, oil and grease, total solids, total fixed solids and suspended solids. The experimental system of sewage treatment was set up at the Civil Engineering College, located at Campus I of the Federal University of Goiás, in the east region of the city of Goiânia Goiás, Brazil, which constituted of a septic tank and an anaerobic filter, followed by three independent units of root zones. Each unit of the root zones received the flow of 180 L d-1, which corresponds to the area of a treatment station of 3 m2 per inhabitant. The treatment in these units occurred simultaneously. After thirty days from the beginning of the sewage application in the root zones, the collection of the samples to the analysis of the effluent and affluent quality were started. Considering the plant evapotranspiration, the results were analyzed by the tool Statistical Analysis System SAS, performing F tests and Tukey Kramer test with a 5% probability. The percentage efficacies of the three substrates used were similar. There hasn t been any significant difference between the efficacies of the treatments in the removal of the attributes: COD, Kjeldahl total nitrogen, ammoniacal nitrogen, oil and grease. The treatment with washed sand substrate was more efficient in the removal of BOD and total phosphorous. The gravel # 0 was more efficient in the removal of thermotolerant coliforms, total solids and fixed total solids, and gravel # 1 was more efficient in the removal of suspended solids. After 18 months the system started working, the channel filled with washed sand colmatated. / O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a eficiência e o comportamento de três substratos no tratamento de esgoto sanitário, num sistema do tipo zona de raízes. De modo específico, objetivou-se avaliar o comportamento dos substratos areia lavada, brita # 0 e brita # 1 e relacionar suas eficiências num sistema do tipo zona de raízes de fluxo sub-superficial horizontal, precedido de tanque séptico e filtro anaeróbio, no tratamento do esgoto gerado numa unidade universitária. As repetições do esgoto bruto foram constituídas por cinco amostragens compostas e cinco amostragens simples. Já as repetições do efluente de cada etapa do tratamento foram constituídas por dezenove amostragens simples. Todas as amostragens foram realizadas quinzenalmente e submetidas a análises laboratoriais. Foram avaliados os parâmetros de DBO, OD, DQO, coliformes termotolerantes, pH, óleos e graxas, fósforo total, nitrogênio total Kjeldahl, nitrogênio amoniacal, sólidos totais, sólidos totais fixos e sólidos suspensos. O sistema experimental de tratamento de esgotos foi implantado na Escola de Engenharias, localizada no Campus I da Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), região Leste da cidade de Goiânia-GO e constituiu-se de um tanque séptico e um filtro anaeróbio, seguidos por três unidades de zona de raízes independentes. Cada unidade de zona de raízes recebeu uma vazão de 180 L d-1, correspondente a uma área de sistema zona de raízes de 3 m2 por habitante. O tratamento nestas unidades ocorreu de forma simultânea. Após trinta dias do início da aplicação de esgoto nas zonas de raízes, iniciaram-se as amostragens para a análise da qualidade do afluente e dos efluentes. Considerando a evapotranspiração das plantas, os resultados foram analisados pela ferramenta Statistical Analysis System SAS, realizando os Testes F e de Tukey Kramer, a 5% de probabilidade. As eficiências percentuais dos três substratos utilizados foram semelhantes. Não houve diferença significativa entre as eficiências dos tratamentos na remoção dos atributos: DQO, nitrogênio total Kjeldahl, nitrogênio amoniacal e óleos e graxas. O tratamento com substrato areia lavada foi mais eficiente na remoção de: DBO e fósforo total; o substrato brita # 0 foi mais eficiente na remoção de coliformes termotolerantes, sólidos totais e sólidos totais fixos, e a brita # 1 foi mais eficiente na redução dos sólidos suspensos. Após 18 meses do início de funcionamento do sistema o leito preenchido com areia lavada colmatou.

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