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Taiwan Diqu ding xing hua qi yue tiao kuan zhi yan jiuLiu, Zongrong. January 1900 (has links)
Thesis (M.A.)--Guo li Taiwan da xue, 1975. / Cover title. Reproduced from typescript; on double leaves. Bibliography: 201-210.
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Taiwan Diqu ding xing hua qi yue tiao kuan zhi yan jiuLiu, Zongrong. January 1900 (has links)
Thesis (M.A.)--Guo li Taiwan da xue, 1975. / Cover title. Reproduced from typescript; on double leaves. Bibliography: 201-210.
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Contract formation and the Internet : an analysis of contract formation in English, South African and German law with special regard to the InternetHelmholz, Niels 12 1900 (has links)
Thesis (LLM)--University of Stellenbosch, 2002. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This dissertation examines the conclusion of contracts on the Internet in English and
South African law on the one hand, and German law on the other. Because these
legal systems have not developed specific rules for the formation of contracts by way
of this medium of communication, the question is whether the traditional doctrines are
adequate to the demands of tecnological innovation. The study accordingly
proceeds from a detailed discussion of the traditional rules of offer and acceptance
developed in each of the systems. To this end, the leading cases and of English and
South African law are considered with an emphasis on the points of difference
between the approach of the courts in these systems. Where there is uncertainty or
different points of view, regard is had to the critical points of view of English and
South African commentators. In respect of the codified German civil law, the
authoritative provisions of the general part of the civil code are discussed against the
background of the commentary of academic authors.
An investigation of the technical structure of the Internet and the various methods of
communication afforded by it, provides a foundation for an examination of the
application of the general principles of the various legal systems to contract formation
on the Internet. It is concluded that despite fundamental differences in the of
approach of the systems under consideration, the general principles of each system
are capable of application in the context of electronic contracting. The dissertation
endeavours to develop proposals regarding adequate solutions to the problems
typical of the process of contract formation on the Internet. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie tesis is afgestem op die hantering van kontraksluiting op die Internet in die
Engelse en Suid-Afrikaanse Reg aan die een kant, en die Duitse Reg aan die ander
kant. Omrede geeneen van hierdie stelsels tot op hede spesifieke maatreëls
daargestel het vir kontraksluiting deur middel van hierdie kommunikasiemiddel nie, is
die vraag of tradisionele beginsels afdoende is met die oog op eise van die nuwe
tegnologie. Die ondersoek gaan derhalwe uit van 'n behandeling van die tradisionele
reëls van aanbod en aanname soos wat dit in elkeen van die stelsels ontwikkel het.
Met die oog hierop, word sleutelvonnisse van die Engelse en Suid-Afrikaanse reg
ontleed, veral dan ook met klem op verskille in die benadering van die howe in
hierdie twee stelsels. In geval van onsekerheid en verskille van mening, word verwys
na die kritiese standpunte van Engelse en Suid-Afrikaanse kommentatore. Met
verwysing na die gekodifiseerde Duitse stelsel word die gesaghebbende bepalings
van die Burgerlike Wetboek behandel teen die agtergrond van die kommentaar van
Duitse akademiese skrywers.
'n Ontleding van die tegniese struktuur van die Internet en die verskillende
kommunikasiemetodes wat dit bied, verskaf die grondslag vir 'n ondersoek na die
toepaslikheid van die algemene beginsels aangaande kontraksluiting van die
onderskeie regstelsels in die konteks van elektroniese kontraktering. Die
gevolgtrekking is dat ten spyte van fundamentele verskille in benadering, die
algemene beginsels van die verkillende stelsels wel aanwendbaar is in die nuwe
omgewing. Die verhandeling poog om 'n bydrae te lewer tot die ontwikkeling van
aanvaarbare oplossings tot die probleme wat tipies is aan kontraksluiting deur middel
van die Internet.
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Sutarties sąlygų pakeitimas šalių konkliudentiniais veiksmais - Estoppel taisyklė / Amendment of Contract's Clauses by the Actions of Counterparties - Estoppel RuleMiliukas, Eugenijus 24 February 2010 (has links)
Romėnų teisininkai aiškino, jog sutarčiai sudaryti vien šalių vidinės valios, noro nepakanka - vidinė valia, kol nėra išreikšta, negali sukelti teisinių padarinių, nes žmonės apie ją tiesiog nieko nežino. Kadangi šalys privalo aiškiai išreikšti savo valią sudarant sandorį, šiandien toks valios išreiškimas dažniausiai pasireiškia įtvirtinant ją sutartyse. Tačiau sudarius sutartį, neretai šalys atitinkamai veikia, ko pasėkoje siekia pakeisti savo sutartinių santykių turinį, to neįtvirtindami sutarties pagrindu. Todėl natūraliai kyla klausimas – ar toks valios išreiškimas (konkliudentiniais veiksmais) gali lemti tai, jog rašytinės sutarties nuostatos bus pakeistos? Būtent į šį klausimą ir mėginama atsakyti šiame darbe.
Siekiant atsakyti į aukščiau įvardytą klausimą, darbe analizuojami sutarties formos reikalavimai nuo pat Romos teisės laikų. Pateikiamas šiandieninis reguliavimas dėl keliamų reikalavimų sutarties formai Anglosaksų ir Kontinentinės tradicijos šalyse, tai lėmusios priežastys ir ateities vizija pagal Troikos (CISG, Unidroit ir PECL principų) reguliavimą. Išsamiai atskleidžiami sutarties formos laisvės bei contrarius actus principai. Daugiausia dėmesio šiame darbe skiriama contrarius actus principo išimčiai, vadinamai Estoppel taisyklei Anglosaksų tisinėje tradicijoje, kurią yra perėmę dauguma Kontinentinės tradicijos šalių, o taip pat ir Troikos reguliavimas. Paskutiniame šio darbo skyriuje analizuojama Lietuvos teisėje įtvirtinta Estoppel taisyklė, kuri yra... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Rome lawyers annotated that only the will or desire of the parties to conclude a contract is not enough, until it is expressed bilateral. In other way the contract would be concluded because parties would not know each other will . Since parties must express their will unequivocal, today they will generally is expressed in written contracts. But sometimes parties after concluding a contract takes some kind of performance expecting that this action will change content of the contract, without amendments established in the contract. This situation brings to light a question – whether these actions can amend content of concluded contract? Exactly this question is observed in this work.
With a view to answer above set question, author of this work researches requirements of contract form starting from ancient Rome regulation. Author also overlooks contract form requirements in common law and continental traditions law systems, named regulation reasons and the vision of the future in accordance with the Troika (CISG, Unidroit and PECL principles). Disclosed in details principles of freedom of the contract form and contractus actus. The focus of this work is granted exceptionally about contrarius actus principle exemption which is known as Estoppel rule in common law tradition system, which is also detected in continental tradition law system and Troika. The last chapter of this work analyzes the Estoppel rule in Lithuanian law system and how it is successfully applied in... [to full text]
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Grundskollärares upplevelse av det psykologiska kontraktet och dess inverkan på intentionen att avsluta anställningen / Primary school teachers experience of the psychological contract and it’s impact on the intention to quit the employment.Berglund, Emma, Håkansson, Andrea January 2022 (has links)
The purpose of this study was to examine how the psychological contract relates to the intention to quit the employment (ITQ) of professional primary school teachers. In addition to this, the purpose was to examine which form of contract in the psychological contract that most strongly predicts ITQ. A quantitative study was conducted, of which a digital survey was distributed via email to principals and/- or deputy principals for 312 municipal schools in Sweden and was shared on the social platform Meta as well. The survey was based on The Psychological Contract Inventory (PCI) by Rousseau and the Turnover Intention Scale - 6 items (TIS-6) by Roodt. The data collection generated 80 questionnaire responses which were then used for analysis through a hierarchical multiple regression analysis. The results showed that all four forms of contracts: transactional, relational, balanced and transitional contracts explained a larger part of the variance in ITQ. The balanced contract and the transitional contract were significant predictors of which the transactional contract and relational contract were not significant. The transitional contract predicted ITQ to the highest degree.
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Det psykologiska kontraktets relation till arbetsengagemang hos anställda med flexibla anställningsvillkorFranzen, Matilda, Lidberg, Elias January 2024 (has links)
Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka hur det psykologiska kontraktet relaterar till arbetsengagemang hos anställda med flexibla anställningsvillkor. En kvantitativ studie genomfördes varav en digital enkät skickades ut på sociala medier. Enkäten baserades på mätverktygen The Psychological Contract Inventory (PCI) och Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES-9). Datainsamlingen genererade 101 enkätsvar som analyserades genom en hierarkisk multipel regressionsanalys samt genom Person’s korrelationsanalys. Resultatet visade att tre av kontraktsformerna i det psykologiska kontraktet (det relationella kontraktet, det balanserade kontraktet och övergångskontraktet) och även ålder förklarade en signifikant del av variansen av arbetsengagemang. Analysen visade även att det relationella kontraktet predicerade arbetsengagemang i högst grad. / The purpose of this study was to examine how the psychological contract relates to work engagement among employees with flexible employment conditions. A quantitative study was conducted, and a digital survey was distributed on social media. The survey was based on the measurement tools The Psychological Contract Inventory (PCI) and the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES-9). The data collection generated 101 questionnaire responses, which were analyzed through hierarchical multiple regression analysis and Person's correlation analysis. The results showed that three of the contract forms in the psychological contract (the relational contract, the balanced contract, and the transitional contract), as well as age, explained a larger part of the variance in work engagement. The analysis also showed that the relational contract predicted work engagement to the highest degree.
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