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A biform theory is a combination of an axiomatic theory and an algorithmic theory. It is used to integrate reasoning and computation in a common theory and can include algorithms with precisely specified input-output relationships. Isabelle is one of the leading interactive theorem provers. Isabelle includes locales, a module system that uses theory morphisms to manage theory hierarchies, and that has a rich and extensive library with multiple useful proof and formalization techniques. A case study of eight biform theories of natural number arithmetic is described in the paper “Formalizing Mathematical Knowledge as a Biform Theory Graph” by J. Carette and W. M. Farmer. The biform theories form a graph linked by theory morphisms. Seven of the biform theories are in first-order logic and one is in simple type theory. The purpose of this thesis is to test how a theory graph of biform theories can be formalized in Isabelle by attempting to formalize this case study. We work with locales and sublocales in Isabelle to formalize the test case. The eight biform theories are defined as regular axiomatic theories, while the algorithms are functions defined on inductive types representing the syntax of the theories. / Thesis / Master of Science (MSc)

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Submitted by Johnny Rodrigues (johnnyrodrigues@ufcg.edu.br) on 2018-09-11T20:37:55Z No. of bitstreams: 1 GERALDO FRANCISCO DA SILVA JUNIOR - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGERR 2003..pdf: 36949181 bytes, checksum: 42c0bcee10577ee8e6257c1c721823b9 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-11T20:37:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 GERALDO FRANCISCO DA SILVA JUNIOR - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGERR 2003..pdf: 36949181 bytes, checksum: 42c0bcee10577ee8e6257c1c721823b9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2003 / Procurou-se, neste trabalho, a partir do banco de dados do Ministério do Trabalho do Brasil, compreender a dinâmica do emprego formal em Campina Grande ao longo dos anos 90, na perspectiva de visualizar que alterações ocorreram no mercado de trabalho nesse município. Durante os anos 90, o emprego formal no município esteve muito mais ligado à dinâmica do Estado da Paraíba do que à do Nordeste e à do próprio Brasil no que se refere a sua temporalidade, pelo fato de que a crise maior no município e no Estado ocorreu em 1994, enquanto que na região e no país ocorreu em 1992. Porém, em termos percentuais, o município teve uma maior proximidade com a dinâmica do Nordeste do que com a da Paraíba e do Brasil. Em termos da dinâmica dos setores, a partir de uma comparação com a realidade nacional, foi possível detectar que o município detém características próprias em sua estrutura econômica que não permitem seguir pari passo as mesmas alterações na realidade nacional. Ademais, foi possível diagnosticar também uma extrema disparidade nos níveis de rendimento médio do município com a realidade existente em nível nacional, mesmo tendo ocorrido em ambas as esferas melhoras significativas nos graus de instrução das pessoas, confirmando que realmente Campina Grande é um espaço de baixo rendimento monetário. Sob o aspecto da composição do mercado de trabalho formal por sexo, observou-se que Campina Grande, num primeiro momento, teve uma estabilização da participação feminina, mas, posteriormente, entrou numa rota de pequeno declínio, diferentemente do Brasil que ao longo do período manteve sempre uma tendência de intenso crescimento da participação das mulheres no mercado de trabalho formal. Quando se trata da dinâmica por faixa etária viu-se que o traço comum entre a realidade nacional e a do município refere-se à diminuição da participação no mercado de trabalho dos mais jovens (10 a 17 anos) e, à ampliação da participação dos mais "idosos" (acima de 40 anos). A análise da faixa intermediária (18 a 39 anos) mostrou que enquanto o Brasil manteve um patamar de participação dessa categoria, o município apresentou uma tendência de diminuição, chegando ao final da década no mesmo patamar da realidade brasileira. / We soughí, in this work, starting from the database of Braziiian Department of Labor, to understand the dynamics of the formai employment in the municipal disírict of Campina Grande-PB along the nineties, in the perspective of looking for to visualize that alterations happened in thejob market in the municipal disírict. During the nineties the formal employment in íhe municipal disírict was much more linked to the dynamics of the State of Paraíba than the Northeast one and the own Brazil one, by the fact that íhe largesí crisis in íhe municipal disírict and in the State it happened in 1994 whiie in the area and in the country it happened in 1992. Ilowever, in percentile terms, the municipal district had a íarged proximity with the dynamics of the Northeast than vvith the one of Paraíba and of Brazil. In terms of the dynamics of the sections, starting from a comparative accomplishment with the national realiíy, it was possible to detect that the municipal district detains own characteristics of your economical structure that don't allow to follow "pari passo" the same alterations of the national reality. Furthermore, was possible to also diagnose an extreme disparity in the leveis of médium revenue of the municipal disírict with the existent reality in levei national, same having happened in boíh spheres significam improvemenís in the degrees of lhe people's insíruction, confirming íhaí are really a space of low monetary revenue. Under the aspect of the composition of the formal job market for sex was observed íhaí Campina Grande, in a ílrí moment, has a síabilizaíion of the feminine participation, but, later enters in a rout of small decline, differently of Brazil íhat along of the period it always mainíained your tendency of intense growth of íhe womens paríicipaíion in the formal job market. When it is trealed of lhe dynamics by age group we savv lhat the cominou line between the national reality and the municipal district refers to the decrease of the participation in the job market of the more youths (10 to 17 year old) and by other, an amplification of the more "sénior" (above 40 years old). The analysis in íhe intermediate strip (18 to 39 years) showed that while Brazil maintained a landing of participation of that category the municipal district had a decrease tendency arriving aí íhe end of the decade in íhe same landing of íhe Braziiian realiíy.

Submitted by Maria Medeiros (maria.dilva1@ufcg.edu.br) on 2018-05-22T14:55:43Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ANNE LORAYNE GERÕNIMO SILVA AUGUSTO MOREIRA - DISSERTAÇÃO (PPGCC) 2016.pdf: 843001 bytes, checksum: 3c03d468b4f80d420da1bad90adf7ca0 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-22T14:55:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ANNE LORAYNE GERÕNIMO SILVA AUGUSTO MOREIRA - DISSERTAÇÃO (PPGCC) 2016.pdf: 843001 bytes, checksum: 3c03d468b4f80d420da1bad90adf7ca0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016 / Capes / O desenvolvimento de sistemas embarcados possibilitou uma forte expansão no número de aplicações dependentes de dispositivos programáveis em áreas tão distintas como automobilística, sistemas financeiros e sistemas médicos. Uma eventual falha em algum desses sistemas pode provocar diferentes graus de danos e prejuízos e, por isso, exige-se um alto grau de confiabilidade em seu funcionamento. O aumento da complexidade dos novos sistemas computacionais e a pressão econômica e busca de novos mercados, concorrem para a busca da redução nos prazos de entrega dos dispositivos programáveis e de seus softwares e sistemas embarcados. Este trabalho apresenta um estudo de caso para a utilização de um método de verificação formal de software aplicado a um sistema computacional de controle de fluxo adaptativo para Gateways Bluetooth Low-Energy utilizados em sistemas de monitoramento remoto de pacientes. Os resultados obtidos neste trabalho confirmam a viabilidade da aplicação do método na verificação formal do software proposto. / The embedded system development had a positive impact on the expansion of applications dependent on programmable devices inside many areas such as automotive industry, financial services, and medical systems. A failure in any of these systems can cause losses and damages on many levels. Therefore, embedded systems require a high level of reliability while operating. The increasing complexity of these new computational systems, the cost-effective pressure, and the new market demand, contribute to reduce the delivery deadlines of the programmable devices, their softwares, and embedded systems. This research presents a case study in which we evaluated the usage of a formal verification method applied to a computational controlling system, with adaptive flow, for Gateway Bluetooth Low Energy used in patient monitoring systems. The results obtained in this study confirm the application feasibility of the formal verification method of the proposed software.

This study focuses on the discussion regarding mathematical knowledge involved in the work of rural farmers, the possible relations existing within the farmers‟ mathematical concepts, the social-cultural experience of students and the pedagogical practice of teachers of the rural Municipal Schools in the region of Irecê, BA, with respect to area calculation. The main objective was to investigate the practical mathematical knowledge of agricultural workers, specifically, area calculation, in order to establish possible conceptual differences between the informal conduct of rural workers and the formal conduct used in the school. The methodology used in this study was qualitative, as it evaluates the attitudes of the individuals in their social-cultural environment. The research was based on two distinct categories: one belonging to the school, comprising of students from Eighth and Ninth grades, and Math teachers; the other not being part of the school, represented by rural workers, all the residents of the city of Gameleira dos Crentes and the municipality of João Dourado, BA, situated in the micro-region of Irecê, Bahia. The theoretical references were taken from Ethnomathematics, as a possibility of interlocution between formal mathematical knowledge and knowledge stemming from everyday activities, as well as from the discussion of contributions of the social-cultural theory based on Vigotsky, on the anlaysis of concept development proposed by Vergnaud, by which the use of area calculation with fathoms, squares, acres and hectares can be considered in the context of this research, as theorems-in-action. / Este estudo centra-se na discussão sobre os conhecimentos matemáticos envolvidos na prática dos trabalhadores rurais, as possíveis relações existentes entre os conceitos matemáticos dos agricultores, a vivência sócio cultural dos alunos e a prática pedagógica dos professores das Escolas Municipais rurais na região de Irecê/BA, no que diz respeito ao cálculo de área. O objetivo principal foi investigar o conhecimento matemático prático de trabalhadores rurais, em especial, o cálculo de área, a fim de estabelecer possíveis diferenças conceituais entre os procedimentos não formais dos trabalhadores e os procedimentos formais usados na escola. A metodologia empregada configura-se como qualitativa, na medida em que avalia as atitudes dos indivíduos em seu ambiente sócio-cultural. A referida pesquisa conta com duas categorias distintas; uma pertencente à escola, constituída por alunos dos 8º e 9º anos do Ensino Fundamental, professores de matemática; e outra não pertencente à escola, representada por trabalhadores rurais, todos residentes no distrito de Gameleira dos Crentes e do município de João Dourado/BA, situados na micro-região rural de Irecê, na Bahia. Tomamos como referencial teórico as abordagens da Etnomatemática, como uma possibilidade de interlocução entre os saberes matemáticos formais e os saberes do cotidiano, bem como a discussão das contribuições da teoria sócio-cultural embasadas em Vigotsky, na análise do desenvolvimento dos conceitos, proposta por Vergnaud, pela qual a operacionalização de cálculos de área com braças, quadros, tarefas e aceros poderá ser considerada no contexto desta pesquisa, como teoremas-em-ação.

This thesis examines how drama facilitators adapt and assess their praxis so that it can be applied effectively in different learning contexts. This research analyses the good praxis of established facilitators with comparatively little documentation to disseminate their approaches. MED Theatre, Magic Carpet, the Shakespeare Schools Festival and West Exe Technology College employ facilitators who adopt a personalised approach to their praxis, transitioning across the spectrum of formal and informal learning to engage a diverse range of learners. The concepts of formal and informal learning are defined at the outset and the particular problems they can present drama facilitators are contextualised. Finding the right tools and assessment procedures is a significant challenge in a pedagogic landscape characterised by conflicting theories, a broad range of learner needs, and multiple perceptions of what actually counts as evidence of learning to justify praxis. With an increasing number of facilitators sustaining themselves by operating within a variety of learning settings there is an emerging need to identify what skills, knowledge and considerations support the process of becoming this kind of extended professional. Initiating my investigation, I explore how the role of a drama facilitator has emerged through movements in the fields of education, Community Theatre and the arts in Chapter One. The main pedagogic theories and approaches to assessment that a drama facilitator must engage with to personalise praxis are presented in Chapter Two. Supporting the development of this expanding field of praxis, the four case studies analysed illustrate how facilitators have sustained careers as extended professionals whilst negotiating educational policy, different learners, and assessment criterion. This thesis contributes to the argument for sustaining and developing links between formalised learning and informal social learning. I challenge the competitive perception of system-centred and learner-centred approaches, re-framing them as inter-related processes in cases of good practice. Finally, I identify how facilitators are attempting to forge further community links, interrogating how this emerging field 4 may be developed by drama facilitators who share a commitment to developing the quality of learning opportunities offered in the UK.

International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 30-November 02, 1995 / Riviera Hotel, Las Vegas, Nevada / In its simplest form an automaton can be considered a set of inputs, a process, and a set of outputs. Certainly telemetry can be thought of in this way as well. Automata theory is a cross between mathematics and computer science which considers how to precisely define the inputs, the outputs, and the process of translating the one into the other. The input to an automaton can be described using a formal grammar. Two standard bit stream encodings, PCM matrices and MIL-STD-1553, are described using grammars. An example of how a grammar can be used to decode a bit stream is given. Further, ambiguity and complexity of bit stream encodings are discussed in the context of grammars. It is thus illustrated how grammars can be used to cleanly define and decode telemetry bit streams.

There are many competing techniques for specifying robot policies, each having advantages in different circumstances. To unify these techniques in a single framework, we use formal language as an intermediate representation for robot behavior. This links previously disparate techniques such as temporal logics and learning from demonstration, and it links data driven approaches such as semantic mapping with formal discrete event and hybrid systems models. These formal models enable system verification -- a crucial point for physical robots. We introduce a set of rewrite rules for hybrid systems and apply it automatically build a hybrid model for mobile manipulation from a semantic map. In the manipulation domain, we develop a new workspace interpolation methods which provides direct, non-stop motion through multiple waypoints, and we introduce a filtering technique for online camera registration to avoid static calibration and handle changing camera positions. To handle concurrent communication with embedded robot hardware, we develop a new real-time interprocess communication system which offers lower latency than Linux sockets. Finally, we consider how time constraints affect the execution of systems modeled hierarchically using context-free grammars. Based on these constraints, we modify the LL(1) parser generation algorithm to operate in real-time with bounded memory use.

<p><!-- /* Style Definitions */ p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal {mso-style-parent:""; margin:0cm; margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";} @page Section1 {size:612.0pt 792.0pt; margin:70.85pt 70.85pt 70.85pt 70.85pt; mso-header-margin:36.0pt; mso-footer-margin:36.0pt; mso-paper-source:0;} div.Section1 {page:Section1;} --><p>En fungerande formell internkommunikation borde vara en grundförutsättning och självklarhet för att alla anställda i arbetslivet. Tyvärr händer det att den brister ibland vilket skapar konsekvenser för bland annat de anställda. Syftet med uppsatsen är att ge en bild av hur de anställda upplever bristen på formell internkommunikation samt vilka konsekvenser det ger för deras känsla av delaktighet, motivation, arbetsprestation samt arbetstillfredsställelse i det dagliga arbetet. Generellt sett så orsakar bristande formell internkommunikation en upplevelse av bristande kontroll samt olustkänslor hos de anställda vilket leder till att engagemanget för arbetet minskar. Framtida forskning bör fokusera på vilka konsekvenser bristande formell internkommunikation genererar, dels ur ett arbetstagarperspektiv men även hur bristande formell internkommunikation påverkar ett företags effektivitet och lönsamhet.</p></p>