For the current trend of global planning and management, free trade port district can help industries to manage global marketing. In the meantime, it can develop economics and also enterprises. Taiwan government promote the policy of free trade port district in order to cooperate the project:¡¨Challenge 2008¡GGovernment Development Plan¡]2002¡Ð2007¡^¡v. To use Taiwan¡¦s location and also manufacturing advantage, the government set into the free trade port district policy which can develop international physical distribution business. The free trade port district of Kaohsiung harbor has been started since Jan 2005. There are automatically security system, information platform which can connected all computers from related departments. In this research, we found there are still some problems such as no suffice space or difficulty to extend which caused limitation for new enterprises or industries. A lot of problems which cased the difficulty for scale economy and cybotaxis benefit. Kaohsiung harbor hope to be the pivot of physical distribution in Asia so it should continue to develop space and cooperate the needs from enterprises or industries. To keep improve the laws and regulations in order to smooth all operations procedure in Kaohsiung harbor. From this paper, it can be reference for free trade port district development strategy.

After the Asian financial crisis, the relationship between China and ASEAN has been strengthened; meanwhile, the influence of U.S. in Southeast Asia has been gradually decreased. The rise of China challenges status quo in the region. According to the Neo-realism, national interests depend on national power to put into effect. China and U.S. compete through cooperation with ASEAN in political, economical, traditional and untraditional security and sub-region fields which shape the new order in Southeast Asia. This thesis is divided into five parts and the conclusion of analysis could be as the policy recommendation for the government of R.O.C.¡¦s decision making on Southeast Asia policy.

Develop rapidly day by day along with economic trade system in the world, our country continuously looks for economic trade system and the way of improvement of system, with this promote our country is in the global economic trade system of competition ability. The region in Taiwan belongs to an island type nation in Pacific Asia region, it mainly trades contacts and import and export homework to still regard sea transportation conveyance as principle, and past results of the port homework and operation role also seem to be more important. Continuously developing in newly arisen port in all countries now is rising, how face port to quickly change and circulating of each industry trade, will be the main topic that promotes our country competitive advantage. Ports run by private capitals is now the world trend. This research summed up the future development of every international business port in Taiwan, and took Kaohsiung port as an example to explore the effects and achievements after the implementation of free trade zone. Because the policy of free trade zone has been implemented for a period of time in the neighbor countries of Pacific Asia, this study aimed to explore the definition of free trade zone as well as compare the similarities and differences of its implementation in other free trade zones in the world. According to the characteristics of free trade zone establishment, this research also analyzed the superiority and inferiority which Kaohsiung port encountered at the moment. Related strategies and suggestions were provided to enhance Kaohsiung port¡¦s competitiveness in Pacific Asia region based on the implementation and outcome of Kaohsiung Free Trade Zone. The findings were discussed and draw a conclusion as follows: 1) Kaohsiung port zone should develop the character of outside custom inside territory and create re-export business due to its limit interior region. 2) Accelerate to develop outside port zone, and set up value-added logistics port. 3) Cultivate professional sales managements; enhance effects on attracting and spreading business iii 4) Promote One-stop Window (Customer Service) to circulate goods freely inside the zone.

Pour faire face à la mondialisation, les pays se trouvent obligés de se réunir, au moins économiquement, dans certaines formes de partenariats. Ainsi, l’UE et ses voisins sud-méditerranéens ont établi de nouveaux cadres de coopération économique fondés sur la plus grande zone de libre-échange au monde. Pour répondre aux nouvelles préoccupations, la douane syrienne se trouvera obligée d’adopter une nouvelle politique douanière en écartant toute politique protectionniste. L’instauration progressive de la zone de libre-échange euro-syrienne permettra la libre circulation des marchandises, des services et des capitaux. Ainsi, les obstacles tarifaires et non tarifaires aux échanges devront être éliminés. Pour faciliter la mise en place de la zone de libre-échange, il sera indispensable d’assurer un nouvel encadrement en matière de règles d'origine, de certification, de protection des droits de propriété intellectuelle, industrielle et de concurrence. Dans cette perspective, la Syrie et l’UE seront invitées, pour assurer le bon fonctionnement de la future zone libre-échange, à réaliser un rapprochement législatif, réglementaire et procédural. L’objectif de cette recherche est de déterminer les traits d’un système douanier syrien apte à servir les objectifs annoncés dans le cadre du partenariat euro-syrien. / In order to deal with globalization, countries today are forced to unite themselves, at least economically, by establishing many forms of partnership. The European Union and some southern and Mediterranean countries have established new forms of economic cooperation based on the largest free trade zone in the world. Confronted with these new concerns, the Syrian Customs Services will be forced to adopt new policies by abandoning their protectionist tendencies.The progressively establishing a free trade zone between Syria and EU will make for more free flow of goods, services and capital. Thus, the tariff obstacles as well as some other non-tariff obstacles will have to be eliminated. To facilitate the establishment of the free trade zone, it will be indispensable to assure a new legal framework, such as rules of origins, certification, protection of intellectual property, industrial as well as competition rights. In this perspective, Syria and the European Union will be invited to ensure the proper functioning of the future free trade zone, and to provide for legislative, regulatory, and procedural harmonization. The purpose of this study is to determine the features of the Syrian customs system capable of serving the above-mentioned objectives of the Euro-Syrian partnership.

¡@The Port of Kaohsiung is an international commercial port, situated in the geographic center of Southeast Asia, linking China as a key hub. It links Japan and Korea to the north, and the Emerging ASEAN Market ¡V 10 nations in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations down south. There is no doubt that Port of Kaohsiung is now playing the key role as a worldwide Transshipment Center. Though there are many logistic related firms surrounded by the Port of Kaohsiung, most of them are running Container Storage and Freight Distribution business only. Lacking big logistic center of cold chain, marine products cannot be processed efficiently after unloading from refrigerators on ships. These seafood, needed to be packaging and exporting after processing, must be unloaded at general cargo berths and then moved to the frozen warehouses outside the harbor. ¡@This research applies a qualitative method of focus group interview. Through the comments given by VIP, professionals, and other members of focus groups in the selected firms, this research was hence capable of analyzing the problem and policy of creating a logistic center of seafood cold chain in the Kaohsiung Free Trade Zone. ¡@Kaohsiung is a main fishing port with numerous large ocean vessels and plenty marine products, it cannot be too far to assume that the creation of the logistic center for the cold chain would have huge contribution to attract customer, reduce operation cost, and enrich the competitive niches of related industry. As a result, the center will ultimately help to develop the ocean fishing business and to increase the trading volume of Kaohsiung. ¡@Finally, the conclusion of this research is expected to be applied in practice, all the issues found and suggestions made are for the references of both public and private sectors to help establishing the logistic center for cold chain as the ultimate goal of the research.

The approach of this study is balance of power theory, providing an analysis to explain how Sino-American Relations in that region is full of conflicts and cooperation. In the study, there are two major aspects for further analysis, one is the regional security, the other is regional economy. After the end of Cold War Era, the power structure in Northeast Asia has faced adjustment. The power of China has raised and profoundly influenced on the aspect of economic and security of the region. United States, out of its consideration of national interests, adopts ¡§balancing¡¨ strategies to confront any possible threat. In general, conflicts may break out between the two countries, but, there are some possibilities for two sides to cooperate, for example, the denuclearization of Korea Peninsula and development of clean Energy promote China and U.S to collaborate with each other. The results of this study provide information for the Taiwanese Government to further develop national security and economic strategies.

Abstract Because of the trend of globalization and liberalization, every enterprise has actively developed the operation model for their global expansion in order to raise their competitive advantage. In the supply chains of international enterprises, there are a lot of serious competitions which are not just between company and company, but between country and country as well. Every country in the world has legislated the special law which is to give some special areas and eliminate the obstructers which would hold back activities of multinational from internal enterprises in order to satisfy with the demands from all multinationals in the world. Currently, there are about two thousands to five thousands free trade zones or the trade zones that are similar to free trade zones in the world, and they have turned into a very important circulation core and transaction core for international trade. On July 23, 2003 Taiwan was published the operation statute and the operation order of free trade zone by our president. After that, its related accessory schemes have established continually, and amply expanded their utilities. Because of that, this situation has helped free trade zone to have successfully performed its strength and to have assisted to break the predicament of industry development. Currently, In Taiwan, although it has five free trade zones that are Kaohsiung Port, Keelung Port, Taipei Port, Taichung Port and Taoyuan Airport Cargo Terminal, are stationed by eighteen manufacturers, the result of the operation has not reached our expectation. However, this research would be focused on the manufacturers¡¦ satisfaction with the recent standard of free trade zone. The result of this research which is gotten by information collection and data analysis shows the recent statutes and regulations of free trade zone should be revised the following issues: 1. Cancel the regulation of 5% aborigine employment limitation. 2. Simplify the transiting customs formalities and autonomous management methods. 3. Abolish employment regulation of the foreign labors` salary which must to conform to the basic salary regulation. 4. Loosen restrictions on business scope in free trade zone for mainlander. However, there is a suggestion which is our government would need to revise the related statutes and the regulations as quickly as possible in order to operate free trade zone successfully! . Key words: free trade zone, Kaohsiung Port, Keelung Port, Taipei Port, Taoyuan Airport Cargo Terminal and Taichung Port

In any supply chain, the location of facilities and the routing of material are important decisions that contribute a significant amount of costs, lowering a corporation's overall profits. These choices become more important when dealing with a global supply chain, whose players span multiple countries and continents. International factors, such as tax rates and transfer prices, must be carefully considered, while the advantages of timely delivery versus cost-effective transportation must be carefully weighed to ensure that customer demands are met at the best possible price. We examine an international supply chain with plants, distribution centers (DCs), and customers in the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) and the European Union (EU) regions. The company in question manufactures two sub-assemblies at its plant in Mexico, and then assembles them into a final product at DCs in North America and Europe. To better serve its European customers, the company wishes to locate a new plant in the EU, as well as determine the modes of transportation used to distribute products between nodes, while maximizing overall profit. The problem is formulated as a mixed integer linear program and is solved in two stages using a Strategic Model (SM) and an Operational Model (OM). In SM, each time period represents one month and we determine the optimal facility locations over a 12-month time horizon. With transportation lead times expressed in days, we can be certain that demand will be fulfilled within a single period, and for this reason, lead times are not considered in SM. At the operational level, however, each time period represents one day, and so lead times must be included as they will affect the choice of mode for a given route. The location results from SM are used as input for OM, which then gives the optimal modal and routing decisions for the network. A number of cases are tested to determine how the optimal network is affected by changes in fixed and variable costs of facilities, transfer prices charged by plants to DCs, and the differing tax rates of each country.

Submitted by Geyciane Santos (geyciane_thamires@hotmail.com) on 2015-08-17T13:07:05Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Marcelo Magaldi Alves.pdf: 544477 bytes, checksum: 02de0765a0a327407e7e379b3923edac (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Divisão de Documentação/BC Biblioteca Central (ddbc@ufam.edu.br) on 2015-08-18T17:29:52Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Marcelo Magaldi Alves.pdf: 544477 bytes, checksum: 02de0765a0a327407e7e379b3923edac (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Divisão de Documentação/BC Biblioteca Central (ddbc@ufam.edu.br) on 2015-08-18T17:33:23Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Marcelo Magaldi Alves.pdf: 544477 bytes, checksum: 02de0765a0a327407e7e379b3923edac (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-08-18T17:33:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Marcelo Magaldi Alves.pdf: 544477 bytes, checksum: 02de0765a0a327407e7e379b3923edac (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-12-15 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The Brazilian politics of opening to the exterior, implemented for the government in 90´s decade, placed the production of the Manaus Industrial Pole in great competition with imported similars, competitive prices and quality, generating a crisis in the region.The effect of the crisis had been felt in such a way by the commerce, that have not attracted tourist of other regions of the country, as for the industry that observed a great fall in the global invoicing. To surpass the crisis, the government took a series of measures that they had aimed at to guarantee the permanence of the Manaus Free Trade Zone model, with prominence for the substitution of the minimum indices of nationalization for basic the productive process, creation of the EIZOF - International Warehouse of Manaus Free Trade Zone and the PEXPAM - Exportation for the Amazon Program. These measures, besides increasing the number of workers of the Manaus Industrial Pole, contained, in its bulge, incentives to extend the exportations of the companies installed in the city. The present work presents exportations evolution of the companies installed in Manaus, with prominence for the eletronic pole and two wheels, responsible the PIM great part of the production. The period of analysis goes from 1990 up to 2004, decade marked for great transformations in the region. The effect of these transformations will be analyzed by means of economic and social pointers. It is observed, to the long one of the period of analysis, an increment in the exportations of the companies of the PIM. However, the participation of the exportations in the invoicing of the companies still is very small, keeping the initial characteristic of the Manaus Free Trade Zone model to take care of, basically, the Brazilian domestic market. / A política brasileira de abertura ao exterior, implementada pelo governo na década de 1990, colocou a produção do Pólo Industrial de Manaus em grande concorrência com similares importados, de preços competitivos e qualidade, gerando assim uma crise na região. Os efeitos da crise foram sentidos tanto pelo comércio, que deixou de atrair turistas de outras regiões do país, como pela indústria que observou uma grande queda no faturamento global. Para superar a crise, o governo tomou uma série de medidas que visaram garantir a permanência do modelo Zona Franca de Manaus, com destaque para a substituição dos índices mínimos de nacionalização pelo processo produtivo básico, criação do EIZOF - Entreposto Internacional da Zona Franca de Manaus e do PEXPAM - Programa de Exportação para a Amazônia. Essas medidas, além de aumentarem o número de trabalhadores do Pólo Industrial de Manaus, continham, no seu bojo, incentivos para ampliar as exportações das empresas instaladas na cidade. Este trabalho apresenta a evolução das exportações das empresas instaladas em Manaus, com destaque para os pólos eletroeletrônico e de duas rodas, responsáveis por grande parte da produção do PIM. O período de análise vai de 1990 até 2004, década marcada por grandes transformações na região. Os efeitos dessas transformações serão analisados por meio de indicadores econômicos e sociais. Observa-se, ao longo do período de análise, um incremento nas exportações das empresas do PIM. Entretanto, a participação das exportações no faturamento das empresas ainda é muito pequena, mantendo a característica inicial do modelo Zona Franca de Manaus de atender, fundamentalmente, o mercado interno brasileiro.

A Zona Franca de Manaus (ZFM), criada em 1967 pela ditadura militar, termina em 2023, mas ha uma proposta de modificacao da Constituicao Federal do Brasil para que ela dure ate 2073. A partir da compreensao do discurso enquanto pratica social (Focault, 1987, 2002, 2005; Hajer, 1995, 2005, 2006) e da categorizacao dos discursos ambientais (Dryzek, 2005), foram analisados 265 pronunciamentos dos parlamentares do Amazonas, 19 edicoes de uma revista institucional e 626 materias do mais importante jornal local, tudo publicado entre 2007 e 2010. Eles revelam um deslocamento do discurso de legitimacao da ZFM do ideario do progresso ao do desenvolvimento sustentavel, guiado pela modernizacao ecologica. As industrias passaram a ser apresentadas como responsaveis pela conservacao das florestas, gracas a geracao de empregos urbanos: afirma-se que se os incentivos fiscais acabarem, havera desemprego e desmatamento. Esse roteiro fatalista, autoritario, nao reconhece o papel dos povos e comunidades tradicionais na conservacao da floresta nem esta aberto ao debate publico sobre outros modelos de desenvolvimento para a regiao amazonica. / The Manaus Free Trade Zone (ZFM) will end in 2023, but there is a proposal to amend the Brazilian Federal Constitution so that it lasts until 2073. From the understanding of discourse as a social practice (Foucault, 1987, 2002, 2005; Hajer, 1995, 2005, 2006), this paper is based on the critical analysis of 265 parliamentary pronouncements, 19 editions of a institutional magazine and 626 news from the most important local newspaper, all published between 2007 and 2010. It reveals a shift in the discourse about the ZFM, guided by ecological modernization. The industries are now presented as responsible for protecting the rainforest: it is said that if the tax incentives stop, there will be unemployment and deforestation. This fatalistic story line does not recognize the role of traditional peoples and communities in forest conservation and neither is open to the public debate about other models of development for the Amazon.