Hoy en día, el incremento de la tasa de obesidad en la población peruana ha generado una necesidad por consumir productos que sean saludables, nutritivos y con pocas calorías. Tal es el caso en la industria del helado, en la cual se ha ido incrementando el consumo por helados artesanales a nivel nacional, una tendencia que irá incrementando en los próximos. De esta forma, nuestra propuesta de valor se enfoca en ofrecer helados artesanales que son elaborados a base de frutas exóticas como la pitahaya y el aguaymanto, ya que estos presentan múltiples beneficios para la salud. Asimismo, están endulzados con panela, un edulcorante natural bajo en grasas. Por otro, como parte de nuestra propuesta de responsabilidad social tenemos el contacto directo con el asilo “Casa Hogar de la Piedad”, dado que ellos serán nuestros principales contactos. Bajo este concepto nace nuestra marca Exotic Ice, el cual pretende diferenciarse del mercado por su agradable sabor y textura de nuestros helados artesanales. Con respecto a nuestro producto este se comercializará por medio de bodegas que deseen diversificar su línea de productos a través de nuestras presentaciones de 1 litro, además por el comercio ambulatorio. El cual se dará en los alrededores de las playas con mayor frecuencia de nuestra zona mencionada. Por otro lado, se contará con nuestra presencia en ferias como El Retazo en Barranco, dado que en ese lugar la demanda de consumidores es muy alta debido a la variedad de opciones que se encuentran en dicho lugar. / Today, the increase in the obesity rate in the Peruvian population has generated a need to consume products that are healthy, nutritious and low in calories. Such is the case in the ice cream industry, in which consumption has been increased by artisanal ice creams nationwide, a trend that will increase in the coming. In this way, our value proposition focuses on offering artisanal ice creams that are made from exotic fruits such as pitahaya and aguaymanto, since these have multiple health benefits. They are also sweetened with panela, a low-fat natural sweetener. On the other, as part of our social responsibility proposal we have direct contact with the asylum "Casa Hogar de la Piedad", since they will be our main contacts. Under this concept, our Exotic Ice brand was born, which aims to differentiate itself from the market by its pleasant taste and texture of our artisanal ice creams. Regarding our product, it will be commercialized through wineries that wish to diversify their product line through our 1-liter presentations, in addition to outpatient commerce. Which will occur around the beaches most frequently in our mentioned area. On the other hand, we will have our presence in fairs such as El Retazo in Barranco, since in that place the demand for consumers is very high due to the variety of options found in that place. / Trabajo de investigación

The purpose of this research was to determine whether or not canning fruit using fluoridated water made a difference in the fluoride contents of the juice and the pulp. Four cities in Utah were chosen. Two cities were fluoridated (Brigham City and Helper) and two cities were not fluoridated (North Ogden and Price). Three homes were chosen within each city, and three jars of canned fruit (one jar each of apricots, cherries, and peaches) were selected from each home. The fruit samples were freeze-dried, and then the fluoride was measured with a fluoride ion electrode. A difference was found in the fluoride level of the juice and the pulp when canning using fluoridated water. However, this difference was not statistically significant and did not greatly contribute to the overall dietary fluoride intake.

The effects of controlled atmosphere on the metabolism of Golden Delicious and Rome Beauty apples, Anjou pears, and Lambert and Bing cherries were studied with respect to changes caused in the normal metabolic functions carried on during storage of these fruits. Atmospheres consisting of 1.5 per cent CO2 and 2.5 per cent O2 for the apples and pears and 10.5 per cent CO2 and 2.5 per cent O2 for the cherries were employed. Fungi of the strains Botrytis alli, Rhizopus nigricans, and Penicillium expansum were subjected to controlled atmospheres at 21° C to determine the toxic effect of CA. The fungi were grown on agar plates instead of fruit to prevent bias, such as condition of the fruit. Periodically, fruit was taken directly from the storage treatments and analyzed for CO2 evolution, for total and reducing sugars, organic acids, amino acids, and cytochrome c oxidase. Fruits were also taken from the storage treatments and held for a specific time at 15° C before analysis. The CA used in this experiment had an inhibitory effect on the fungi that were used. Botrytis alli and Penicillium expansum were particularly susceptible. It was found the height of the mycelial mat was less, the mycelium growth was less, and while sporulation was not eliminated, it was severely retarded. Combinations of CA and lowered temperatures should attain a high degree of fungal control. The results showed that CA had an inhibitory effect on the metabolic system of stored fruits. The specific areas of metabolic inhibition are not known exactly. This inhibition does not appear to be of a permanent nature as shown by the post storage analysis. Any differences that occurred in the CA stored fruit as contrasted to the fruit from the conventional stored fruit appeared to be able to correct themselves once they were removed from the CA.

Child obesity has become a national concern. Obesity in children ages 6-17 has more than doubled in the past 30 years. Only 20% of children today consume the recommended daily servings of fruits and vegetables. This trend is even more pronounced in minority populations. Past studies have reported that a horticulture-based curriculum, including gardening, can improve children's attitudes toward eating fruits and vegetables. To investigate whether children of a minority population can benefit from gardening supplemented with a curriculum on nutrition, research was conducted with elementary schools in the Rio Grande Valley of Texas (Hidalgo County). Elementary school teachers participating in this research agreed to have school gardens and complete all activities in a curriculum on nutrition provided to them through the Texas Extension Service. One hundred forty one children in the participating schools completed a pre- and posttest evaluating their attitudes and snack preferences toward fruits and vegetables and their knowledge before and after gardening supplemented with information on nutrition. Statistically significant differences were detected between pre- and posttest scores for all three variables. After comparing pre-and posttest scores, it was concluded that gardening with supplemental instruction, had a positive effect on all three variables including students attitudes and snack preferences toward fruits and vegetables and their knowledge of nutrition.

In the last few years, especially in the developed countries, an increment in demand for fresh-cut fruit by the consumers of all ages has occurred. This increase is mainly due to the importance that people are giving to the consumption of fresh, healthy, and low-calorie food products. Fresh-cut pineapple (Ananas comosus) is one of the fruits that consumers can eat quickly and still enjoy its benefits; however, its shelf-life is very short (7 days). A means to preserve all the natural and beneficial components of fresh-cut pineapple is coating the fruit with an edible material, a coating. This coating acts as a barrier against moisture loss and gas exchanges and can be a carrier of other components like antimicrobials, which can help to extend the shelf-life of the fresh-cut fruit. The main objective of this study was to develop an edible coating with an antimicrobial agent for fresh-cut pineapple and to determine its effectiveness in extending shelf-life and preserving fruit quality attributes. Different treatments consisted of several concentrations of sodium alginate (0.5%, 1%, and 2%); beta-cyclodextrin, trans-cinnamaldehyde (antimicrobial), pectin, and calcium chloride were tested for formulation of the edible coating. The layer-by-layer technique with a dipping method was used to coat the fruits. Pineapples were properly cleaned with a chlorine solution (300 ppm) and triangular prisms (3.6 cm per side) were cut using a triangular cutter. The length of the triangular prisms was adjusted to 2.54 cm using a small knife measured with a ruler. Color, texture, pH, degrees Brix (total soluble solids), acidity, vitamin C, moisture content, and weight loss, were monitored every 3 to 4 days for 15 days. Microbiological tests (aerobic plate counts, psychrotrophic counts, and yeast and molds counts) were performed to determine the effectiveness of the antimicrobial compound. In terms of microbiological and physicochemical quality attributes, the coating improved the shelf-life of the fresh-cut pineapple up to 12 days compared to the control (fresh-cut pineapple without the coating) which only lasted 7 days at 4 degrees C. Color, texture and pH, were better preserved in the treated (coated) fruit compared to controls (uncoated). Different concentrations of the solutions in the formation of the coating had different results in terms of the preservation of the quality attributes of the fruit. Antimicrobial coatings with a concentration of alginate of 1% and 2% (w/w), pectin 2% (w/w) and calcium chloride 2% (w/w) presented a satisfactory formulation to preserve fruit quality attributes like moisture content, help to control juice leakage, and avoid microbial growth. Antimicrobial coating with 1% of alginate (w/w), 2% of pectin (w/w), 2% of calcium chloride (w/w) and 2% of antimicrobial compound (w/w) was the best formulation. This research demonstrates the feasibility of an alginate-based antimicrobial edible coating, which acts as a carrier of antimicrobial compounds for fresh-cut pineapple.

Purpose: There is a growing body of evidence that income indicators and racial compositions of urban neighborhoods mediate access to food stores and healthy foods. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there were any differences in access (availability, quality and cost) to fruits and vegetables between two racially homogeneous regions, one considered low-income and the other middle-income, in the City of Atlanta, Georgia. Methods: This was a cross-sectional, exploratory study. A convenience sample of 56 food stores (convenience, grocery and supermarket) was assessed over a three-week period. The stores were surveyed using an instrument developed to capture availabilities of fresh items, the quality of these and the ability of the food stores to meet the Thrifty Food Plan (TFP) 2006 fruit and vegetable categories for a reference family of four. Each category had constraints (variety and weights), and lowest-cost items were identified to meet these. Store to 10,000 population ratios and percent median income required to fulfill the TFP fruits and vegetables were calculated. Fisher’s Exact Tests and Chi Square were used to analyze categorical data. ANOVA analyses were used to determine differences in costs between the regions for the complete TFP fruit and vegetable basket and for price differences for each fruit and vegetable category among stores within each region. Results: The food store to 10,000 ratios were 5.8 and 3.7, respectively, for the low-income region and middle-income region. The low-income region grocery store ratio was 2.7, compared to 0.9 for the middle-income. Access to fresh items, quality of these and numbers of stores meeting each category and the complete TFP basket were not significantly different between the regions. The low-income region had a significantly greater number of stores that met whole fruits (p=0.03) and the variety constraint for other vegetables, which was four types (p=0.05). The TFP category weights were difficult to achieve with most categories in deficits. The majority of the lowest-cost items identified were canned fruits and vegetables. There were no significant differences between the regions for the costs of each category. The low-income region had a significantly greater number of stores charging more than the mean ($52.91±14.85) for the complete TFP fruit and vegetable basket (p=0.04). Store types and not income was the significant factor contributing to the price differences between the regions for the complete TFP basket. Within region analyses indicated significant price differences for several categories among the store types. Typically, convenience stores and/or grocery stores charged significantly more for certain categories than did supermarkets. Conclusion: There were few differences in overall availability, quality and category comparisons. The low-income region potentially pays more for the TFP 2006 fruits and vegetables for a family of four. Cost has been cited as a barrier to complying with healthy diets. More research needs to be undertaken to aid in policy development in consideration of healthy food cost implications for low-income families. Further education efforts are required to guide low-income families on how the TFP can be met optimally on a budget.

Child obesity has become a national concern. Obesity in children ages 6-17 has more than doubled in the past 30 years. Only 20% of children today consume the recommended daily servings of fruits and vegetables. This trend is even more pronounced in minority populations. Past studies have reported that a horticulture-based curriculum, including gardening, can improve children's attitudes toward eating fruits and vegetables. To investigate whether children of a minority population can benefit from gardening supplemented with a curriculum on nutrition, research was conducted with elementary schools in the Rio Grande Valley of Texas (Hidalgo County). Elementary school teachers participating in this research agreed to have school gardens and complete all activities in a curriculum on nutrition provided to them through the Texas Extension Service. One hundred forty one children in the participating schools completed a pre- and posttest evaluating their attitudes and snack preferences toward fruits and vegetables and their knowledge before and after gardening supplemented with information on nutrition. Statistically significant differences were detected between pre- and posttest scores for all three variables. After comparing pre-and posttest scores, it was concluded that gardening with supplemental instruction, had a positive effect on all three variables including students attitudes and snack preferences toward fruits and vegetables and their knowledge of nutrition.

In Taiwan, under the competitive environment that exported fruits enter the market gradually, domestic fruits should manifest their features through the establishment of product brands and governmental certifications. In addition, the consumer behavior such as consumers¡¦ habits and characteristics of choosing domestic fruits will become the key factors whether domestic fruits will have great market share successfully. Therefore, this study intends to explore what the key factors are when our countrymen choose domestic fruits. Through Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) Method, the key indicators that our countrymen choose domestic fruits have been established. Through complete collections of related literatures, including the collections and the explorations of literatures such as consumer behavior, Consumer Decision-Making Model, product attributes, and consumers¡¦ characteristics of choosing fruits, this study has constructed the key indicators that our countrymen choose domestic fruits, in which the aspects of product, consumer habit and policy are included. The aspect of product includes brand, product feature, product price, product package style, product quality, product classification, and product safety and hygiene; the aspect of consumer habit includes purchase purpose, source of information, promotion activity and purchase location. Finally, this study is of the opinion that governmental policies play a key role in the aspect of policy. Therefore, the aspect of policy has also been classified as the main dimension in this study, including the sub-principles such as promotion policies, quality certification by the government, the government¡¦s policies of imports and exports, traceability and so on. Through the analyses and retrievals of the questionnaires answered by the experts in the fields of production, official, and academia, related suggestions about marketing have been proposed, and provided as the reference for the supply and distribution units such as agriculture associations, fruit and vegetables cooperatives, and production-marketing groups and so on to select and set up related products and strategies. As a whole, this study has found out that as for the key factors that our countrymen choose domestic fruits, the most emphasized ones are: the aspect of product¡]0.406¡^¡Ö the aspect of consumer habit ¡]0.361¡^¡Ö the aspect of policy¡]0.233¡^. In other words, in terms of the aspect of policy (traceability, quality certification by the government, promotion policies, and the government¡¦s policies of imports and exports), consumers are less easily affected by the factor of the aspect of policy, aimed at the issue of the key indicator that our countrymen choose domestic fruits. In the perspective of related agriculture units, there is still room for improving the effort made according to our country¡¦s agriculture policies. In the future, the guiding principle for improvement needs be drawn up actively, aimed at the previous effort in the aspect of policy made by related agriculture units. In addition, in this study, related research suggestions have been proposed, aiming at the directions such as product safety and hygiene, brand strategies for domestic fruits, consumers¡¦ purchase behavior, package styles, and so on.

Reproduction de : Thèse de doctorat : Qualité et sécurité des aliments : Toulouse, INPT : 2006. / Titre provenant de l'écran-titre. Bibliogr. 146 réf.

Background: The relationship between fruit and vegetable (FV) exposure, preference, and consumption among children has been a targeted topic of study due to the increasing prevalence of childhood obesity. The purpose of this study was to examine FV home exposure in elementary children and the selection of both fruits and vegetables and less familiar lunch entrées at school. Design: Cross-sectional data on 3rd, 4th, and 5th grade students (N=59) from an elementary school in central Texas. Methods: Home and school FV exposure was collected via self-report using a six-item questionnaire. Students were placed into high and low groups for 1) the variety of FV offered at home, and 2) the variety of FV eaten at home. Absolute and relative ratings of eight lunch entrées were collected through taste-tests conducted at school. Results: Differences in the consumption of FV at school and the selection of lunch entrées between high and low groups were analyzed using Mann-Whitney U independent non-parametric tests. Results indicated that the distribution of consumption at school differed across high and low groups for parental offering of FV for: oranges (z=2.16, p<0.05), cucumber (z=2.44, p<0.05), pineapple (z=3.41, p=0.001), mandarin oranges (z=2.93, p<0.01), tomato (z=3.14, p<0.01), and broccoli (z=3.26, p=0.001). The distribution of consumption at school across high and low groups for the eating FV at home was significant for 10 out of the 11 FV items: oranges (z=2.24, p<0.05), cucumber (z=2.64, p<0.01), pineapple (z=4.19, p<.001), mandarin oranges (z=3.06, p<0.01), tomatoes (z=3.47, p=0.001), bell pepper (z=2.25, p<0.05), broccoli (z=4.00, p<0.001), melon (z=3.06, p<0.01), apples (z=2.79, p<0.01), and zucchini (z=2.27, p<0.05) Likewise, significant differences between high and low groups for parental offering of FV were found for the selection of the chef salad (z=2.546, p<0.05), the Greek salad (z=2.091, p<0.05), and the veggie humus plate (z=2.104, p<0.05). Absolute and relative ratings of eight lunch entrées are also reported. Conclusions: Children who are more frequently exposed to FV at home consume a wider variety FV at school and are more likely to select healthy, less familiar entrées at school lunch. / text