Lunch Is In The Bag (LIITB) was a multi-level behavioral intervention with the goal of increasing the amounts of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains that parents pack in their preschoolers' lunches. The purpose of this dissertation project was to: 1) to examine the temperatures of perishable food items packed in preschoolers' sack lunches; 2) to examine parents' psychosocial constructs that relate to packing fruits, vegetables, and whole grains at four periods during the booster study; 3) to assess the servings of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains with the related nutrient content at four periods during the booster study. The four assessment periods are before LIITB, after LIITB, before the one-week booster, and after the one-week booster. Results showed that more than 97 percent of perishable food items in the sack lunches were stored at unacceptable temperatures (40-140°F). Servings of vegetables (-0.15, p=0.05) and whole grains (-0.53, p<0.0001) in preschool lunches decreased significantly before the booster in the intervention group. The booster increased the servings of vegetables (0.10, p=0.09) and whole grains (0.16, p =0.01) compared to booster baseline. The one-week booster increased thiamin, dietary fiber, and vitamin C content of foods in preschoolers' lunches. During the booster study, parents experienced improvement in psychosocial variables after LIITB and before the booster. Knowledge decreased before the booster. Parents' psychosocial variables were linked to packing more vegetables and significantly more whole grains due to the intervention. Education for parents and the public must focus on methods of packing safe, healthy lunches in order to prevent foodborne illness and chronic disease. The results of this study provide data for continued examination of an area of parental behavior related to packing lunches for their children. The booster study demonstrated that a booster was important for maintenance of program outcomes, and to increase the servings of vegetables and whole grains that parents packed in their preschool children's lunches. / text

published_or_final_version / Ecology and Biodiversity / Master / Master of Philosophy

No description available.

Temperate Region fruit and nut trees, and many other perennial plants, require cool winter temperatures (chilling hours) to ensure leaf and flower bud production in the following season. Temperate Regions are characterized by variable winter and spring temperatures. Failure of meeting sufficient chilling requirement results in deformed fruits, unequal maturation, and other plant deformities, thereby reducing quality and yields. Chilling requirements are expressed as number of accumulated hours within a range of approximately 32º to 45ºF or 0º to 7.2ºC. These requirements are specific for level of temperature, length of temperature period, and species and cultivar of plants. Information on chilling hour production by the diverse Kentucky environments and chilling requirements of its plants is limited. Global warming is reducing the occurrence and length of chilling conditions, thereby negatively impacting perennial fruit production (IPCC, 2014). There is increasing interest in fruit crops by the state’s producers and consumers. The Kentucky Mesonet Weather System provides temperature data, which can readily be converted to chilling units. Also, commercial nurseries are beginning to publish chilling requirement data for their fruit stocks. The present study included data collected over A 5-years period at 33 Mesonet sites. The average number of chilling hours overall years and sites was 1544, year means ranged from 1427 to 1842, sites means ranged from 1422 to 1682. Chilling hour production exceeded chilling requirements of fruit and nut crops commonly grown in Kentucky.

Importance: Childhood and adolescent overweight and obesity have more than tripled over the past two decades. Bariatric surgery is becoming more common for adolescents. Currently, there are few studies that describe outcomes after bariatric surgery in adolescents and no studies that describe nutritional behaviors that predict sustained weight loss in this population post-surgery. Objective: To describe pre-surgery dietary intake in adolescents who underwent a sleeve gastrectomy between 2011 and 2013 at an outpatient pediatric weight loss clinic. This study specifically aims to determine whether there is a correlation between fruit and vegetable intake before surgery and weight loss post-surgery in adolescents. Design, Setting, and Participants: The participants in this study received the sleeve gastrectomy procedure. Patients were between the ages of 13-17 years old and had a BMI between 35 kg/m2 to 60 kg/m2. All patients had undergone extensive counseling and assessment by a team of medical professionals (pediatrician, psychologist, exercise physiologist, nurse, and dietitian) for at least six months before surgery. Weekly number of servings of fruits and vegetables, cups of sweetened beverages (separated as fruit juice or soda), servings of fried foods eaten, and meals eaten from or at restaurants as reported at the initial consultation were collected and analyzed. Results: The mean age of participants (n=11) was 17.1 ± 1.51 years. Mean servings of vegetables consumed at baseline was 7.32 ± 4.38 servings per week and mean weekly consumption of fruits was 6.0 ± 4.16 servings per week. There were no statistically significant correlations between baseline fruit (p = 0.50) and vegetable (p = 0.44) consumption with weight (kg) lost six months after surgery. Conclusion: While the relationship between fruit and vegetable consumption with weight lost six months post-surgery failed to reach significance, there was a trend such that patients who consumed more servings of fruits and vegetables at baseline had lost more weight at 6 months. It is interesting to note that none of the patients in the study consumed the recommended daily servings of fruits or vegetables at baseline in accordance with the USDA guidelines. A longer study may reveal a more significant relationship between dietary patterns before surgery and changes in weight after surgery.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Alnarp : Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet, 2004. / Härtill 9 uppsatser.

Thèse (M.Sc.)--Université Laval, 2008. / Bibliogr.: f. 56-61. Publié aussi en version électronique dans la Collection Mémoires et thèses électroniques.

Thesis--Catholic University of America. / Bibliography: p. 30-32.

Resumo: Este trabalho teve como objetivos monitorar a quantidade de resíduo existente em frutos de laranjeira 'Valência' dos fungicidas oxicloreto de cobre, tiofanato metílico e pyraclostrobin, como também determinar a capacidade protetora e fungistática (oxicloreto de cobre) e a capacidade preventiva e curativa (tiofanato metílico e pyraclostrobin) no controle da mancha preta dos frutos cítricos (MPC). No primeiro experimento, aproximadamente 1000 frutos, previamente ensacados, foram primeiramente imersos nas caldas fungicidas e posteriormente inoculados com conídios de Guignardia citricarpa em intervalos regulares de 1, 7, 14, 21, 28 e 35 dias após a aplicação do fungicida, para o oxicloreto de cobre e de 1, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49 e 56 dias após a aplicação do fungicida, para o tiofanato metílico e pyraclostrobin. No segundo experimento, aproximadamente 1000 frutos, previamente ensacados, foram primeiramente inoculados e posteriormente tratados por imersão com os respectivos fungicidas nos mesmos intervalos regulares. Foram utilizados 16 frutos por período de inoculações e oito frutos por período de aplicação do fungicida. Para o primeiro experimento, oito frutos foram utilizados para a realização das análises de resíduo e outros oito frutos deixados na planta até a época da colheita. Para o segundo experimento, somente avaliou-se a incidência da doença e severidade na colheita. As análises de resíduos foram realizadas por técnicas de Espectrofotometria de Absorção Atômica na superfície dos frutos, para o oxicloreto de cobre e de Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Eficiência acoplada ao detector de massas/massas (CLAE - EM/EM) na superfície e casca dos frutos, para o tiofanato metílico e na superfície, casca e polpa dos frutos para o pyraclostrobin. Na época da colheita, os frutos foram avaliados quanto à incidência, severidade... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The objectives of this study were: (i) measure the amount of residues of copper oxychloride, methyl thiophanate and pyraclostrobin in 'Valencia' sweet orange fruits after their application; (ii) to evaluate the protective and fungistatic capacity of copper oxychloride and (iii) to evaluate the preventive and curative capacity of systemic fungicides methyl thiophanate and pyraclostrobin for the control of citrus black spot (CBS). Two experiments were carried out, in the first on 1.000 fruits were first immersed in the fungicides and then inoculated with conidia of Guignardia citricarpa at regular intervals of 1, 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35 days, for the copper oxychloride and 1, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49 and 56 days for methyl thiophanate and pyraclostrobin. In the second experiment, on 1.000 fruits were first inoculated with conidia of G. citricarpa and then treated by immersion with the fungicides in the same regular intervals as described. Sixteen fruits were used for each period of inoculations and eight fruits per application. For the first experiment, eight fruits were used for analysis of residues and eight fruits were left in the plant until harvesting to evaluate disease incidence and severity. For the second experiment it was evaluate only disease incidence and severity in the harvest. Analysis of residues were performed by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry on the fruits surface, for copper oxychloride and High Performance Liquid Chromatography coupled to the detector mass/mass (HPLC - MS / MS) on the fruits surface and peel for the methyl thiophanate, and on the fruits surface, peel and pulp for the fungicide pyraclostrobin. Under conditions of high inoculum pressure, copper oxychloride showed limited protective capacity and no fungistatic capacity. Residues found on the fruits surface were directly related to the fruits growth. Methyl thiophanate was converted on its metabolite... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Orientador: Antonio de Goes / Coorientador: Marcel Bellato Spósito / Banca: Joaquim Gonçalves Machado Neto / Banca: Nelson Sidnei Massola Junior / Mestre

Thesis (M.B.A)--Boston University