In South Africa the inclusive trend grew stronger since the White paper 6’s release. The need for a more integrated school was called upon by the Department of Education. The Department of Education selected 30 schools which represents a district to start the transformation process. Through guidelines written by the Department of Education it seemed that when mainstream schools are transformed to the phenomena of Full-service schools by the Department of Education or through themselves, many changes take place. However, there seemed to be a gap in literature regarding the changes taking place, this gap guided this research dissertation. This retrospective study was undertaken to gain insight into the transformation process and thereby into the change towards inclusive education. As a descriptive study on the transformation of one particular school it could also assist other schools that are on their way to such a transformation. The research approach adopted was qualitative process to gain insight and understanding of the changes made, but especially the role players’ attitude and feelings towards this change into a full-service school. Insight into this transformation process could provide insight to inclusive education, with an interpretivist paradigm, and applied to a single-case study (Stake 1995). Data collection consisted of open-ended interviews, visual diary and field notes. Additional documents were received from the school and the Department of Education and were included in this study.Codes for classifying the interview responses were predetermined (a priori coding) and designated as Microsystem, Macrosystem, Leadership and Management, Culture, Identity, Strategy, Structures/Procedures, Physical changes, Technical support and Human resources, as set out by the framework of Lazarus and Davidoff (1997:17). The interviews were open-ended. Visual data were collected to illustrate contrasts and similarities between conditions before and after the transition. The data obtained about the transition process were discussed using the a priori coding categories and drawing parallels to the existing literature. This research recommends and highlights significant aspects of the transition process leading to a full-service school. AFRIKAANS : In Suid-Afrika het die tendens van inklusiwiteit sterker geword sedert die vrystelling van Witskrif 6. Die Departement van Onderwys het ’n beroep gedoen dat daar voldoen moet word aan die behoefte aan skole met groter integrasie. Die Departement van Onderwys het 30 skole, wat ’n distrik verteenwoordig, gekies om met die transformasieproses te begin. Riglyne opgestel deur die Departement van Onderwys het getoon dat wanneer hoofstroomskole getransformeer word na voldiensskole, hetsy deur die Departement van Onderwys of deur hulself, daar baie veranderinge plaasvind. Daar is egter ’n gaping in die literatuur met betrekking tot die veranderinge wat plaasvind, en hierdie gaping het gelei tot die navorsingsverhandeling. Hierdie studie het slegs op die kwalitatiewe navorsingsproses staatgemaak om insig en begrip te verkry oor die veranderinge wat gemaak is, maar veral ook oor die rolspelers se houding en gevoelens teenoor hierdie verandering in ’n voldiensskool. Insig in hierdie transformasieproses kan insig gee in inklusiewe onderwys. Deur die transformasieproses te verstaan, kan skole gehelp word met hul eie transformasie na voldiensskole. Die doel van hierdie studie was om die oorgangsproses van ’n voldiensskool te verstaan en te interpreteer. Vir hierdie doel is ’n kwalitatiewe navorsingsbenadering saam met ’n interpretivistiese paradigma gebruik. Daarvoor het ek ’n enkele gevallestudie gebruik (Stake, 1995). Data-insameling het bestaan uit oop onderhoude, ’n visuele dagboek en veldnotas. Addisionele dokumente is van die skool en die Departement van Onderwys ontvang en is in hierdie studie ingesluit. Kodes is vooraf bepaal, naamlik mikro- en makrostelsels, leierskap en bestuur, kultuur, identiteit, strategie, strukture/prosedures, fisiese veranderinge, tegniese ondersteuning en menslike hulpbronne, soos uiteengesit in die raamwerk van Lasarus en Davidoff (1997:17). Hierdie proses van kodering word ook priori-kodering genoem, aangesien die onderhoude vooraf bepaal is. Die visuele data is voor en na die oorgang geneem om die kontraste en ooreenkomste duidelik te toon. Nadat parallelle tussen die relevante literatuur en priori-data geïdentifiseer is, is die data van die oorgangsproses bespreek. Hierdie navorsing beklemtoon belangrike faktore wat in gedagte gehou moet word tydens ’n oorgangsproses na ’n voldiensskool, en maak ook aanbevelings. / Dissertation (MEd)--University of Pretoria, 2012. / Educational Psychology / unrestricted

Dans cette thèse, un algorithme d'inversion de formes d'ondes (FWI) est développé pour l'imagerie 3D des paramètres élastiques de la lithosphère à partir des enregistrements télésismiques dans le but d'accroître la résolution des images lithosphériques. La modélisation sismique est effectuée par un méthode hybride d'injection de champ d'ondes. Une première modélisation est effectuée dans une Terre globale avec le logiciel AxiSEM pour déterminer les champs d’ondes aux bords de la cible lithosphérique. Ces solutions sont ensuite propagées dans cette cible par une méthode aux éléments finis spectraux. Le problème inverse est résolu avec un algorithme d’optimisation locale de type quasi-Newton (l-BFGS). La sensibilité de la méthode à la configuration expérimentale (paramétrisation du milieu, modèle initial, géométrie et échantillonnage du dispositif de capteurs) est tout d’abord analysée avec un modèle synthétique réaliste des Alpes Occidentales. L’algorithme est finalement appliqué à neuf événements de la campagne CIFALPS dans les Alpes occidentales jusqu’à une fréquence de 0.2Hz. Les modèles de vitesses P et S et de densité révèlent les grandes structures lithosphériques de la chaîne alpine, en particulier le corps d’Ivrée et la géométrie des Moho européen et adriatique. Plus profondément, deux anomalies de vitesses lentes sont imagées dans le manteau et sont interprétées comme la signature d’une remontée asthénosphérique et la localisation du détachement du panneau plongeant européen. Ces résultats corroborent l’hypothèse d’une subduction continentale de la croûte européenne et d’une éventuelle déchirure du panneau plongeant européen lors de la phase de collision. / In this thesis, a full-waveform inversion (FWI) algorithm is developed with the aim to image the elastic properties (Vp, Vs and density) of 3D lithospheric models from teleseismic recordings with a spatial resolution of the order of the wavelength. Seismic modeling is performed with a wavefield injection hybrid approach. A first simulation is performed in a global radially symmetric Earth with the AxiSEM code to compute the wavefields on the borders of the lithospheric target. Then, these wavefields are propagated in the target with the spectral finite-element method. After linearization, the inverse problem is solved with a quasi-Newton (1-BFGS) optimization algorithm. The sensitivity of the teleseismic FWI to the experimental setup (subsurface parameterization, initial model, sampling and geometry of the station layout) is first assessed with a realistic synthetic model of the Western Alps. The method is finally applied to nine events of the CIFALPS experiment carried out in the Western Alps, up to a frequency of 0.2Hz. Reliable models of P and S wave speeds and density reveal with an unprecedented resolution the crustal and lithospheric structures of the Alpine Belt, in particular the geometry of the Ivrea body, and the European and Adriatic Mohos. Deeper, two slow velocity anomalies beneath the Western Alps are imaged in the mantle. The first, to the west of the chain, is interpreted as the signature of an asthenospheric upwelling, the second near the location of the Ivrea body indicates the European slab break-off. The study supports the hypothesis of the European continental crust subduction and confirms the possible tearing of the European slab.

Maintenance of aging buried infrastructure and reinforced concrete are critical issues in the United States. Inexpensive non-destructive techniques for mapping and imaging infrastructure and defects are an integral component of maintenance. Ground penetrating radar (GPR) is a widely-used non-destructive tool for locating buried infrastructure and for imaging rebar and other features of interest to civil engineers. Conventional acquisition and interpretation of GPR profiles is based on the arrival times of strong reflected/diffracted returns, and qualitative interpretation of return amplitudes. Features are thereby generally well located, but their material properties are only qualitatively assessed. For example, in the typical imaging of buried pipes, the average radar wave velocity through the overlying soil is estimated, but the properties of the pipe itself are not quantitatively resolved. For pipes on the order of the radar wavelength (<5-35 cm), pipe dimensions and infilling material remain ambiguous. Full waveform inversion (FWI) methods exploit the entire radar return rather than the time and peak amplitude. FWI can generate better quantitative estimates of subsurface properties. In recent decades FWI methods, developed for seismic oil exploration, have been adapted and advanced for GPR with encouraging results. To date, however, FWI methods for GPR data have not been specifically tuned and applied on surface collected common offset GPR data, which are the most common type of GPR data for engineering applications. I present an effective FWI method specifically tailored for common-offset GPR data. This method is composed of three main components, the forward modeling, wavelet estimation and inversion tools. For the forward modeling and iterative data inversion I use two open-source software packages, gprMax and PEST. The source wavelet, which is the most challenging component that guarantees the success of the method, is estimated with a novel Sparse Blind Deconvolution (SBD) algorithm that I have developed. The present dissertation indicates that with FWI, GPR can yield better quantitative estimates, for example, of both the diameters of small pipes and rebar and their electromagnetic properties (permittivity, conductivity). Also better estimates of electrical properties of the surrounding media (i.e. soil or concrete) are achieved with FWI.

In this thesis, the design of passive networks with the aid of full-wave simulation software and geometry-based models of lumped elements is investigated. This is done by examining the results of a number of simulation examples, as well as measured data from manufactured designs to compare against simulated equivalents. One such example is a chip antenna evaluation board design, in which the PCB, antenna, matching components and connector are all modeled. When measured, the simulation agreed with the board’s best matched frequency of 5.5 GHz to within 20 MHz. In another, a new antenna layout is generated from an existing evaluation design which, produced a match of about -15 dB at the design frequency with a similar bandwidth to that shown on the antenna datasheet on the first attempt at manufacture. Additionally, a statistical experiment was conducted in order to provide insight into the phenomenon of coupling between lumped components, and to define clearly when it starts to become an important effect to consider. For both chip capacitors and inductors, a behavioral model of how much crosstalk is present in a prospective circuit was developed which takes into account angle and distance between components, as well as case size. Finally, a simple discrete gradient descent was implemented in a commercial full-wave simulation software in order to assist in the refinement of designs containing 3-D geometry-defined component models.

The study explored readiness to accommodate career construction (CC) of learners with visual impairment (LVI) in 2 full service schools (FSSs) within 2 provinces in South Africa (SA) (see Annexure B). A qualitative research approach was applied to gather rich information. Research participants were selected using non-probability, purposeful sampling. The sample consisted of a total of 26 teachers recruited from the 2 provinces of the Free State (2) (see Annexure C) and the Eastern Cape (24). Data was generated through face-to-face semi-structured interviews, observations and teacher participation in participatory action research (PAR) workshops. Data were analysed employing inductive, thematic data analysis, where themes emerged that answered the study’s research questions (see Annexure H). The findings from the study indicated the following themes arranged according to prominence: (1) the role FSSs play in CC; (2) positive and negative perceptions teachers hold towards accommodating CC of LVI; and lastly (3) skills and resources needed by FSSs and teachers. It is hoped that the results will assist the Department of Higher Education in collaboration with the University of Pretoria (UP) to develop a qualification to train teachers on accommodation of LVI. / Dissertation (MEd)--University of Pretoria, 2019. / Educational Psychology / MEd / Unrestricted

Magister Philosophiae - MPhil / This research stems from a personal internal conflict and concern regarding the impact the local church is making in the community and on its congregational members. Through personal involvement in the Full Gospel Church of South Africa on a local level, the researcher set out find out what can be done to make the church more effective, relevant, and impactful in its function as a church. The way the world operates today compared to twenty years ago is vastly different. Yet, despite the vast changes that have taken place on a global, national, and even local level, the question remains whether the church has experienced similar strides to remain relevant and effective without compromising its values and purpose.

In practice, when one has many candidate variables as explanatory variables in multiple regression, there is always the possibility that variables that are important determinants of the response variable might be omitted from the model, while unimportant variables might be included. Both types of errors are important, and in this dissertation it is attempted to quantify the probabilities of these errors. A simulation study is reported in this dissertation. Different numbers of variables, i.e. p= 4 to 20 are assumed, and different sample sizes, i.e. n=0.5p, p, 2p, 4p. For each p the underlying model assumes that roughly half of the independent variables are actually correlated with the dependant variable and the other half not. The noise is ε~ N(0, σ2, where σ2, is set fixed. The data was simulated 10000 times for each combination of n and p using known underlying models and ε randomly selected from of a normal distribution. For this investigation the full model and forward selection regression are compared. The mean squared error of the estimated coefficient β(p) is determined from the true β of each n and p set. A full discussion, as well as graphs, is presented. / Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2011. / Statistics / unrestricted

The Russian way of conducting war has been a topic of discussion during a long time. Several theories have tried to conceptualize the Russians means and methods during conduct of war. Some claim one can describe it as hybrid warfare, some claim it is nothing new and others claim they have brought a theory which can describe it better than the hybrid concept. One of the new theories is the Full- Spectrum Conflict which tries to explain Russian actions during the conflict in 2014. Analysis using this theory could help to understand whether the actions by Russia against Georgia 2008 can be explained by this new theory. This would support the understanding of if the Russian way of conducting war is something new or if it is something they have been doing before the conflict in 2014. The aim of the study was to test the theory Full-Spectrum Conflict to investigate if Russia’s means and methods in Georgia can be understood by using this theory This was a conflict taking place earlier than 2014 but still in the modern era. The study design is a qualitative case-study examining the Russian actions during the conflict in Georgia. The result of this study shows that the theory Full-Spectrum Conflict can be applied to and explain the Russian actions in Georgia 2008. The result also shows that the Russian way of conducting war may not be anything new. Thus, the theory can be used to explain Russia’s action during conflicts. This may be of interest to the western nations in order to gain a better understanding of Russian actions in the future.

In this project I have worked with strategies at regional level, as well as with alterations to an existing building, to strengthen and celebrate rural systems in a place called Naum, in Vara municipality in Västergötland. This I've donein order to challenge the dichotomy of urban and rural. I find that urbanity is very often celebrated in the architectural discipline, and in the public debate in general. There is a strong hierarchy of spaces in the national discourse of Sweden. By focusing on a rural space that I perceive have low status and connect it to networks that reach out to other spaces, cities, and regions, I treat the urban and rural as a continuous variation rather than a fixed binary. The binary is also challenged already by people constantly moving across this scale. Most of the residents of Naum, mapped out herecommute to Vara Town, or other adjacent towns or cities to work, to go school, to go the doctor, take part in cultural events etc. This project focus on the power of rural networks, on movement, and on rural systems of cooperation, and then I am making a number of alterations at a zoomed-in scale, to offer the inhabitants a more intimate relationship to this agricultural landscape. My project operate both at the intimate scale of an existing bygdegård, which is a specifically rural community space, in Naum, as well as on the larger scale of Vara municipality.To the bygdegård I propose three small scale alterations, a sauna called the 'Storytelling Sauna' (SECTION S S) an overnight stay shelter called the 'Please Stay',and an imaginative element of a 'Wisching-Well-Ditch”. In the larger scale I propose a strategic alteration to the treatment of roadsides, to increase biodiversity and human movement. I call this alteration the 'Thriving Passages'. The project also consist of this room-installation that we are all inside of, that aim to represent the different scales and allow us to move across them, and it consists of mappings of bygdegårds in Vara municipality and in Sweden and how they are connected by human movement, as well as mappings of historical and agricultural layers of this landscape.

This thesis investigates if the profitability of a wind farm can be increased by reducing itscontracted grid capacity. Two years of SCADA data is cleaned from non- and partialperformance which is used to estimate a wake reduced annual power time series. Stochasticmodels of production losses are applied to translate the wake reduced annual power timeseries. Ice losses are modelled with a 3-state Markov chain. The statistical properties arecalculated by identifying ice events in the SCADA. With the IEA task19 IceLoss algorithm areice events identified in the SCADA signal. An ice loss factor of 86 % is estimated for Juktanduring 2019. The results indicate that profitability can be increased by reducing the (contracted)grid capacity. Furthermore, the optimized grid capacity is shown to have low sensitivity to powerprice and ice losses. This finding is valuable since the power price market and weather areinherently difficult to predict. It follows that the prediction uncertainties of these inputs are lesssignificant when calculating the optimized grid capacity.