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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
21

Plant-produced STI vaccine antigens with special emphasis on HIV-1 p24

Lindh, Ingrid January 2011 (has links)
Objective: To establish stable transgenic non-toxic plants as a platform for plant-based vaccine production as well as potential oral delivery system of vaccine antigens for sexually transmitted infections (STIs). The concept is to immunize the mucosal immune system present in the gut-associated lymphoid tissues (GALT). HIV-1 p24 subtype C protein has been used as the main antigen model, in parallel with an engineered unique chimeric MOMP antigen from Chlamydia trachomatis serovar E. Methods: Chimeric MOMP and p24 vaccine antigens were successfully inserted into the nuclear genomes of Arabidopsis thaliana and Daucus carota via Agrobacterium-mediated gene transfer. The characteristics of the genetic inserts and corresponding mRNAs and recombinant proteins in planta were described using several methods, including northern, Southern, and western blotting, ELISA, and a commercial HIV Ag/Ab combination assay. Immunogenicity of the antigens was studied in mice models. Results: Transgenes of both plant species expressing p24 or chimeric MOMP were successfully generated. Additional HIV-1 vaccine antigen candidates were introduced and the genetic inserts have been confirmed in Arabidopsis thaliana. The Arabidopsis thaliana expressing p24 and chimeric MOMP were demonstrated to be stable over generations and antigenicity analyses showed that plant-derived HIV-1 p24 and chimeric MOMP retained immunological epitopes when they were expressed in planta. Oral administration of transgenic plant material generated a priming effect of the immune competent cells present in the GALT, shown by the presence of antigen-specific-IgG in mice sera after boosting. Mice immunized with plant-derived HIV-1 p24 antigen were also analyzed for antigen-specific faecal IgA as well as cellular immune responses. However, detectable levels of the two latter immune responses were not observed. The Chlamydia trachomatis chimeric MOMP antigen was further evaluated for its potential as a vaccine antigen candidate, with positive results indicating a more rapid clearance of the Chlamydia trachomatis infection post immunization. Conclusion: Stable non-toxic transgenic plants expressing either HIV-1 p24 or a novel  Chlamydia trachomatis chimeric MOMP antigens have successfully been developed. The two plant-produced STI vaccine antigens have in initial mice feeding studies provided important proof-of-concept for the oral vaccination approach. Now, immunization studies to expand, en-hance, and improve knowledge of the immune responses generated by the orally delivered transgenic plants are of high priority. / Kemi/biokemi
22

If it's good enough for Shakespeare the bard and the American musical /

Silverberg, Carol E. January 2009 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--State University of New York at Binghamton, Department of English, General Literature and Rhetoric, 2009. / Includes bibliographical references.
23

Lymphocytes T et vieillissement : lymphopénie ou redistribution ? / Lymphocytes T and Ageing : Lymphopenia or Redistribution ?

Martinet, Kim 23 September 2014 (has links)
L’atteinte de l’âge sur les populations lymphocytaires T conventionnelles CD4 et CD8 avec l’avancée en âge est relativement bien décrite en périphérie lymphoïde secondaire chez la souris, et dans le sang périphérique chez l’homme. Deux paramètres sont observés : réduction du nombre de ces cellules et altération du ratio naïve/mémoire. À l’inverse, l’évaluation des tissus lymphoïdes tertiaires et des tissus extra lymphoïdes dans les réponses immunes, reste à affiner. Notre étude au cours du vieillissement physiologique du compartiment T fut menée dans des tissus lymphoïdes et non lymphoïdes de souris C57BL/6 wild-type, âgées entre 2 et 6 mois, entre 10 et 14 mois et entre 22 et 26 mois. Nous avons démontré que la lymphopénie T classiquement décrite liée au vieillissement dans les organes lymphoïdes secondaires ne s’applique pas à tout l’organisme : les compartiments intestinaux étudiés présentent une accumulation de cellules TCRαβ+ CD4+ (TCD4) et CD8+ (TCD8). Nos résultats dévoilent un impact différentiel du vieillissement sur le nombre absolu des différents compartiments cellulaires TCRαβ+ dans les organes lymphoïdes et la muqueuse intestinale. Ces résultats suggèrent donc que la lymphopénie T décrite dans les organes lymphoïdes s’établissant au cours du vieillissement pourrait être essentiellement liée à une redistribution des lymphocytes. A l’inverse, la persistance des cellules T régulatrices dans les organes lymphoïdes secondaires pourrait être liée à une production locale dans la muqueuse intestinale. Il semble donc que l’équilibre TCD8/TCD4 peut être différemment affecté selon le site considéré et cette observation peut fournir une justification pour la plus grande susceptibilité aux infections observée avec l’âge. / Consequences of ageing on conventional CD4 and CD8 T lymphocytes populations is relatively well described in murine secondary lymphoid organs and in human peripheral blood: reduction the number of these cells and alteration of naïve/effector-memory ratio in favour of effector-memory cells. Conversely, evaluation in tertiary lymphoid tissues and non-lymphoid tissues remains to be refined. We conducted an exhaustive analysis of T cell compartments during physiological aging in lymphoid and non-lymphoid tissues isolated from wild-type C57BL/6 mice aged of 2 to 6 months, 10 to 14 months and 22 to 26 months. We demonstrated that T lymphopenia described classically associated with aging in the secondary lymphoid organs does not apply to the whole organism: intestinal compartments studied show an accumulation of TCRαβ+ CD4+ cells (TCD4) and CD8+ (TCD8). Our results reveal a differential impact of aging on the absolute number of different TCRαβ+ cellular compartments in lymphoid organs and intestinal mucosa. T cell lymphopenia in secondary lymphoid organs currently associated to ageing may essentially reflect T cell redistribution. TCD8/TCD4 balance may be affected differently depending on the site considered and this observation may provide a rationale for the greater susceptibility to infection observed with age.
24

Efectes de la suplementació dietètica amb proteïnes plasmàtiques sobre les propietats de barrera i de defensa de la mucosa intestinal en un model d'inflamació

Pérez Bosque, Anna 05 February 2005 (has links)
Els concentrats de plasma (SDAP) i d'immunoglobulines (IC) són suplements dietètics destinats als animals de granja i que han estat proposats com alternativa a l'ús dels antibiòtics com a promotors del creixement. Un dels primers efectes descrits en els animals alimentats amb aquests suplements va ser l'increment de la taxa de creixement. Aquesta millora del creixement és deguda, en part, a que hi ha un augment del consum de pinso i a que es produeix una menor estimulació del sistema immunitari. Aquesta hipòtesi està recolzada per estudis que demostren que una activació immunitària produeix una reducció en la ingesta d'aliments, així com un increment de la utilització dels nutrients per part de les cèl·lules del sistema immunitari.En aquest treball, s'ha estudiat els efectes de la suplementació dietètica amb proteïnes plasmàtiques (concentrat de plasma i concentrat d'immunoglobulines) sobre diferents aspectes de la fisiologia intestinal en rates inflamades amb l'enterotoxina B d'Staphylococcus aureus (SEB). Els animals utilitzats han estat rates Wistar-Lewis mascles de 21 dies d'edat (deslletament). Aquests animals han estat alimentats durant 14 dies amb pinsos suplementats amb un 8% de concentrat de plasma (SDAP) o bé amb 4,7% de concentrat d'immunoglobulina (IC). Les rates han estat administrades intraperitonealment amb 50 μg de SEB els dies 30 i 33 i s'han sacrificat al cap de 48 h (35 dies).El SEB no modifica cap de les variables sistèmiques analitzades: ni immunoglobulina G (IgG) ni la IgA sèriques així com tampoc diferents variables hematològiques ni les diferents poblacions limfocitàries analitzades a la melsa. En canvi, les rates inflamades presenten un increment important en l'activació dels limfòcits T col·laboradors, tant a les plaques de Peyer (PP) com a ganglis limfàtics mesentèrics (GLM). Ambdós teixits estan implicats en la inducció de la resposta immunitària. Els animals inflamats amb SEB també mostren un increment del contingut d'aigua en femtes, infiltració de neutròfils a la mucosa intestinal i un increment de la permeabilitat capil·lar a la zona.El SEB també altera les funcions de barrera i d'absorció de nutrients. L'enterotoxina redueix l'expressió de proteïnes de la unió estreta i de la unió adherent (ZO-1 i β-catenina, respectivament), així com del transportador de la D-glucosa, afectant així tant la funció de permeabilitat com la d'absorció de nutrients.L'alimentació amb pinsos suplementats amb SDAP o IC evita l'efecte de l'enterotoxina sobre l'activació dels limfòcits T col·laboradors de les plaques de Peyer, sense prevenir l'activació dels limfòcits T dels ganglis limfàtics mesentèrics, ni la infiltració de neutròfils a la zona mucosal ni l'increment de la permeabilitat capil·lar de la zona. La suplementació dietètica amb SDAP (i en menor grau el IC) redueix el contingut d'aigua en femtes i atenua els efectes del SEB sobre l'epiteli, tant sobre l'absorció de nutrients com sobre l'expressió de proteïnes de les unions estreta i adherent.En resum, l'addició de concentrats de plasma a la dieta en l'etapa que segueix el deslletament afecta la distribució d'algunes poblacions limfocitàries durant la resposta a la inflamació induïda per una enterotoxina de S. aureus, que impedeix una activació exagerada del sistema immunitari; alhora, l'SDAP afavoreix l'absorció d'alguns nutrients energètics i la integritat de l'epiteli. Tot plegat recolza la hipòtesi que la suplementació dietètica amb SDAP millora l'aprofitament energètic dels nutrients i redueix la probabilitat que agents químics i infecciosos puguin penetrar a la circulació sanguínia a través de la barrera epitelial. / The aim of this study was to determine the potential modulatory effects of diets supplemented with spray-dried animal plasma (SDAP) or immunoglobulin concentrates (IC) on the of intestinal physiology of rats challenged with "Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin B" (SEB). Lewis rats were fed diets containing 8% of SDAP, 4.7% of IC or milk proteins (Control diet) from postnatal day 21 (weaning) for 14 days. On days 30 and 33, rats were given SEB (50 μg; i.p.). SEB induced an intestinal inflammation characterized by effects on intestinal immune system, on barrier function and on nutrient absorption. SEB administered rats showed an increase in T lymphocytes activation (in particular T helper lymphocytes) in Peyer's Patches and in mesenteric lymph nodes, both responsible of immune response induction. Inflamed rats also showed an increase in water content in feces, neutrophil infiltration in intestinal mucosa, as well as an increase in local capillary permeability.SEB also alter barrier and nutrient absorption functions. The enterotoxin reduces the expression of proteins of the tight junction and of the adherent junction (ZO-1 and β-catenina, respectively), as well as the transporter of D-glucosa.Feeding with SDAP or IC supplementation prevents the effect of the enterotoxin on the activation of T helper lymphocytes in Peyer's patches. The dietary supplementation with SDAP (and in lower extent IC) reduces water content in feces and attenuates SEB effects on the epithelium, as well as on nutrients absorption and on the expression of proteins from tight and adherent junctions.In conclusion, the addition of plasma concentrates on feeding in the weaning period affects the distribution of some lymphocyte populations in the immune response to S. aureus, which prevents an overstimulation of intestinal immune system; at the same time, SDAP enhances the absorption of different energetic nutrients and the integrity of the epithelium. All in all supports the hypothesis that dietary supplementation with SDAP improves the nutrient intake and reduces the probability that chemic and infectious agents can enter to blood stream across the epithelial barrier. KEY WORDS: "Staphylococcus aureus", rat, intestinal inflammation, permeability, gut-associated immune tissue, SGLT-1, tight junction, spray-dried animal plasma, immunoglobulin concentrate, protein supplementation.
25

Production and Characterization of Higher-Order Genetic Mutants for the Hydroxyproline-Galactosyltransferase Genes Encoding the Enzymes for O-Galactosylation of Cell Wall Arabinogalactan-Proteins in Arabidopsis

Kaur, Dasmeet 16 September 2022 (has links)
No description available.
26

<i>Hair</i> for Rent:How the Idioms of Rock 'n' Roll are Spoken Through the Melodic Language of Two Rock Musicals

Stark, Eryn E. 15 September 2015 (has links)
No description available.
27

Bringing people to the park : inclusion and exclusion in the production of public space

Granzow, Michael C., University of Lethbridge. Faculty of Arts and Science January 2010 (has links)
In 2003 the Rotary Club of Lethbridge, Alberta proposed a revitalization of Galt Gardens, a small historic park in Lethbridge‘s downtown which was perceived to be the focus of particular kinds of “negative use.” Over the course of the revitalization the park changed significantly – public washrooms and a water feature were installed, and private security guards were introduced. According to the local newspaper, developments have transformed the park into an “idyllic scene of children splashing and playing, families picnicking and people strolling” (Gauthier, 2008). This thesis explores the revitalization of Galt Gardens through a consideration of various texts and practices that (re)produce, not only the park, but also the “public” (and “non-public”). My analysis focuses on the ways in which a revitalized Galt Gardens is discursively represented and materially practiced to include and exclude particular users and uses, with potential consequences for the construction of public social space. / vii, 168 leaves : ill. ; 29 cm

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