The objective of this paper is to first briefly explain the theories and results from previous works on the relationship between health and economic growth. Then based on the theories, I examine if the results found in those papers apply when running regressions using totally different types of variables in the current member countries of the European Union for the period of 1995-2004. The main result is that there is a positive relationship between real gross domestic product and hospital discharges due to circulatory system disease, i.e. the faster the economy of a country grows the faster does the number of hospital discharges grow as well. This is analogous with the earlier results showing diminishing positive linkage between GDP per capita and health, which can even turn negative for the highestincome countries. I also found that the growth rate of the real GDP is not related to the growth rates of mental disorders incidence or hospital discharges due to ischaemic heart disease.

This paper investigates whether there is a correlation between broadband use and econom-ic growth by using an endogenous growth model along with previous studies of broadband use and theories for its spread an equation was developed accordingly. The estimation was done using data from the World Bank and ITU for the years 2002-2008, with minor imbalance in the dataset. Moreover, the estimation was done using two-way fixed effects and heteroskedasticity and autocorrelation robust errors, given tests for heteroskedasticity and autocorrelation in the regressions. The result from the regressions showed that broadband spread has a significant effect on GDP growth, while the signifi-cance of the coefficients for human capital do vary with education stage. In the analysis of the subject it was also shown that there are more underlying matters to be dealt with to give a fair estimation and conclusion, such as the difference between markets and difference in speed of broadband which may could have given slightly different results. Also that the range of time for broadband is relatively short, a longer range could have giv-en a better estimate. Furthermore, the analysis shone light on that there are both weakness-es by spread of broadband as exacerbation of poverty and strengths as possibility to savings in healthcare and increase spread of education via broadband. In addition to this there is possibly reversed causality and the fact that all ICT technology are general purpose tech-nologies has the impact that one should see the results with somewhat scepticism. In conclusion, the positive effect from broadband spread on economic growth is stated-with an addition, that more data and taking account of broadband differences globally would be needed in a future research to fully establish the effect, as well as mentioned limi-tations to result should be taken into account.

China and India have many in common, are geographically large developing countries with enormous populations, but with notably different economic systems. This paper focus on exploring the relationship between GDP and consumption behaviors in China and India over the period 1978-2006. We use GDP as a proxy to represent income and household final consumption as a proxy to represent consumption. The long run relations are estimated by ARDL (1, 1) model. We find that India’s consumption is in the line of theory. But the relationship between GDP and consumption in China is unique, in terms of a negative intercept, a negative time trend and a larger than one marginal propensity to consumption. This may due to two possible explanations. First, after almost 30 years high growth households in China are optimistic to their future incomes. They prefer to borrowing for smoothing their consumptions. Second, there might have winding income what are not in the statistics. Finally, we adopt a series of diagnostic tests to check if selected models are strong enough and analysis the results.

The relationship between health and globalization may be constructed on improving public health through the flow of personnel, the import of medication, the quality improvement of drinking water, the utility of new medical technology, and the use of new medication on patients. Some scholars have pointed out that globalization may affect life expectancy from four aspects as income, education, nutrition, and public health. Unlike the existing literature primarily focuses on the correlation between health expenditure and GDP (gross domestic product), we examine to see whether a cointegration relationship between GDP and health expenditure exists under the impact of globalization by applying the panel cointegration test of Pedroni (1999, 2004) which allows heterogeneous data analysis and the Fully Modified OLS test. This paper mainly conducts a cross-continental comparison by using the data in the period from 1995 to 2004 of an estimate sample of 87 developing countries which consists of 12 European countries, 21 Central and South American countries, 20 Asian countries, and 34 African countries. The result shows that the existence of a cointegration relationship between GDP and health expenditure in both the overall developing countries and the cross-continental sample countries. Generally, investment of health and a fast pace of globalization progress boost GDP; especially in Europe and Asia, globalization is a very important factor in influencing the effectiveness of health expenditure upon GDP. In central and south America, the effect of globalization on the effectiveness of GDP to health expenditure is the most significant. The findings of this paper offer future researchers a different aspect for viewing and studying the correlation between health expenditure and GDP.

National Bureau of Statistics of China (PRC) announced that the GDP of 2005 is 2255.7 billion dollars and China has replaced Italy as the world¡¦s sixth-largest economy, next to the United States, Japan, Germany, Britain and France. Taiwan economic development source is mainly from exports, the share of GDP as high as 49%. From the Second World War to 2000, Taiwan mainly exporting area is the United States. This situation had been changed in 2001 though. From the beginning of 2001, Taiwan¡¦s export to China surpassed Taiwan¡¦s export to the United States for the first time over the amount and the gap has become greater and greater. Department of Statistics, Ministry of Economic Affairs reported that Taiwan¡¦s exports to China were 28% (US$ 56.22 billion dollars) and only 15% (US$29.1 billion dollars) went to the United States. No matter how large of China¡¦s economic cooling policy is, it will make great impact on Taiwan inevitably due to the cross-strait economic and trade exchanges getting closer day by day. Confronting China¡¦s economic policy of macro adjustment and controls, how should Taiwan industry take response measures? The main purpose of China¡¦s macro-control policy is to control the domestic demand, and there fore the most direct impact on the target will be the Taiwan factory owners producing goods for domestic market. So, Taiwanese businessmen should plan before they move for keeping flexibility in business and have the ideas of the alternative market to reduce the business risks. The research methods of this study adopt social sciences method, including literature quoted language analysis, statistical analysis and SWOT analysis, so as to know the top-ranked industries of the output value in Taiwan, which are major industries like the electronics industry and the petroleum and petrochemical industry. After China implemented macro-control policy, how on earth does this influence make on Taiwan industries, the investment in China and business operations of Taiwanese businessmen? How do the Taiwan governing authorities, Taiwan factory owners and Taiwanese businessmen investing in China take response measures? In conclusion, the suggestions to our government for the response measures of China¡¦s macro-control policy: (1) Government should set up the statistics database from the aspects of the funds and market demand. (2) Government should provide the cross-strait economic and trade policy and information to the factory owners. (3) Government should continuously pay close attention to the growth of China¡¦s economic slowdown. (4) Government should relax restrictions on Taiwanese business financing in China through China-based Off-shore Banking Units (OBU) as soon as possible. (5) Government should remind Taiwanese businessmen of having more constructive strategies to add more footholds overseas. (6) Actively popularize the imperatives of the beneficial division of labor and business models to Taiwanese businessmen. (7) Government should provide the related information for Taiwanese businessmen, such as the laws and regulations of the investment and management in the market of Mainland China, the perspective and competition of all kinds of industries. (8) Government should constructively work out the good models of cross-strait business division The suggestions to Taiwanese businessmen: (1) Stop to listen and watch before investing. (2) Choose the investment or industry that you are familiar with and find the partners that you are rely on. (3) Have the sound and steady increase of investment. (4) Give a careful consideration to the transfer investment.

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We forecast US GDP sampled quarterly over horizons ranging from one quarter to three years. Using AR-MIDAS models we study three lag polynomials: the Almon lag, the exponential Almon lag and the beta lag, and nine macroeconomic variables, sampled weekly or monthly. Our benchmark model is an AR(1) and we compare forecast errors using RMSE. In all instances the AR-MIDAS achieves lower forecast errors compared to the benchmark model. The predictor sampled weekly generally performs better compared to other predictors, which are sampled monthly.

The subject of this dissertation is nominal GDP (NGDP) targeting. In the wake of the Great Recession, some economists have proposed using some form of NGDP target to replace current monetary policy. We evaluate the desirability of NGDP targets based upon their ability to deliver unique and \learnable" equilibria and their welfare gains in the presence of nancial frictions. In the second chapter, we assess the determinacy and E-stability conditions for simple interest rate rules which respond to NGDP's deviation from target in a simple three-equation New Keynesian model. The rules under consideration target either NGDP level or growth, and can either be contemporaneous, one period ahead, or two periods ahead. We also allow for dierent types of information sets for the agents. In the third chapter, we compare welfare loss in consumption equivalent terms for NGDP targets with more conventional monetary policy in a New Keynesian model which features nancial frictions. Finally, in the fourth chapter we continue our analysis from chapter one but now allow for strictly positive trend inflation. We present findings for the relationship between trend inflation and the determinacy and E-stability of the equilibrium when using interest rate rules that target NGPD.

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