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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Atomic Force Microscopy Characterization of Nanocontacted III nitride Nanostructures

Almaghrabi, Latifah 11 1900 (has links)
A conductive atomic force microscopy (c-AFM) investigation of GaN nanostructures is reported for strain engineering optoelectronic and piezotronic devices. The use of AFM enables the simultaneous correlation between the surface morphology and charge carrier transport through the nanostructures. The samples under investigation are molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) grown InGaN/GaN nanowires on Ti coated Mo substrate and GaN nanowires on ITO. The metal-semiconductor interface between the metallic substrates and the GaN nanostructures form the bottom contact. A Pt-Ir coated AFM probe is used to create a Schottky top nano-contact. The two interfaces form a metal-semiconductor-metal (MSM) structure. Force and temperature-dependent IV curves are obtained and analyzed, and the MSM structure parameters are extracted. Modulation of both the conductivity and Schottky barrier height (SBH) is revealed. Drastic reduction of the barrier is observed to drive the junctions to ideal MSM under a combination of force and temperature, revealing a dynamic and controlled two-way switching of the devices from rectifying to ideal linear IV properties. Through compressive force modulation by AFM tip, a symmetric 80 meV reduction in SBH at ±0.7 V is realized for the sample grown on Mo. By a combination of temperature and force modulation, a 40 meV increase in SBH is achieved at 0.53 V for the sample on ITO. These results show that the formed structure is ideal for applications in optoelectronics, sensing, piezotronic, piezo-phototronic, and nano-energy harvesting devices.
2

Strain-related phenomena in (In,Ga)N/GaN nanowires and rods investigated by nanofocus x-ray diffraction and the finite element method

Henkel, Thilo Johannes 15 January 2018 (has links)
In dieser Arbeit wird das lokal aufgelöste Deformationsfeld einzelner (In,Ga)N/GaN Drähte mit Hilfe nanofokussierter Röntgenbeugung und der Methode der Finiten Elemente untersucht. Hiermit soll ein Beitrag zum grundlegenden Verständis der optischen Eigenschaften geleistet werden, die durch das Deformationsfeld maßgeblich beeinflusst werden. Zunächst wird die Abhängigkeit der vertikalen Normalkomponente, epsilon_zz, des elastischen Dehnungstensors von der Geometrie eines axialen (In,Ga)N/GaN Nanodrahtes diskutiert. Dabei wird ein signifikant negativer epsilon_zz-Wert beobachtet, sobald das Verhältnis von Nanodrahtradius und (In,Ga)N-Segmentlänge gegen eins strebt. Auffallend große Scherkomponenten und eine konvexe Verformung der äußeren Oberfläche begleiten das Auftreten des negativen epsilon_zz- Wertes und sind die Ursache dieses Effekts. Durch eine Ummantelung von GaN-Nanodrähten mit einer (In,Ga)N-Schale lässt sich die aktive Fläche und somit die potentielle Lichtausbeute pro Fläche im Vergleich zu planaren Strukturen deutlich erhöhen. Es wurde jedoch festgestellt, dass das entlang der Drahthöhe emittierte Licht rotverschoben ist. Um den Ursprung dieses Phänomens zu beleuchten, wird das lokale Deformationsfeld mit Hilfe nanofokussierter Röntgenbeugung vermessen. Durch die gute räumliche Auflösung ist es möglich, das Deformationsfeld innerhalb einzelner Seitenfacetten zu untersuchen, wobei ein deutlicher Gradient festgestellt wird. Basierend auf dem mit der Methode der Finiten Elemente simulierten Deformationsfeld und kinematischen Streusimulationen, ist es möglich, den Deformationszustand in einen In-Gehalt zu übersetzen. Wenn neben dem Deformationsfeld auch der strukturelle Aufbau in der Simulation berücksichtigt wird, kann der In-Gehalt mit noch größerer Genauigkeit bestimmt werden. / In this thesis, nanofocus x-ray diffraction and the finite element method are applied to analyze the local strain field in (In,Ga)N/GaN nanowires and micro-rods which are discussed as candidates for a plethora of future optoelectronic applications. However, to improve and tailor their properties, a fundamental understanding on the level of individual objects is essential. In this spirit, the dependence of the vertical normal component, epsilon_zz, of the elastic strain tensor on the geometry of an axial (In,Ga)N/GaN nanowire is systematically analyzed using the finite element method. Hereby, it is found that if the ratio of nanowire radius and (In,Ga)N segment length approaches unity, a significantly negative epsilon_zz value is observed. This stands in stark contrast to naive expectations and shows that the common knowledge about planar systems where epsilon_zz would always be greater or equal zero cannot easily be translated to nanowires with an equivalent material sequence. As the origin of this effect significant shear strains are discussed which go along with a convex deformation of the outer surface resulting in a highly complex strain distribution. The increased active area of core-shell (In,Ga)N/GaN micro-rods makes them promising candidates for next-generation light emitting diodes. However, it is found that the emission wavelength is significantly red-shifted along the rod height. To shed light on the origin of this phenomenon, nanofocus x-ray diffraction is applied to analyze the local strain field. Due to the high spatial resolution it is possible to investigate the strain field within individual side-facets and to detect a significant gradient along the rod height. Based on the deformation field simulated using the finite element method and subsequent kinematic scattering simulations it is possible to translate the strain state into an In content.

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