Understanding unconventional petroleum reservoirs and HALO plays, areas outside existing production zones which are made up of thin-bedded or heterolithic intervals, has gained in importance in recent years with the continual demand for energy and the increased development of such prospects. Heterolithic units within deltaic successions host vast quantities of oil and gas that often go unexploited due to a lack of understanding of the sandstone shape, morphology and continuity within such reservoirs. The purpose of this work is to examine the thin-bedded units within the Late Cretaceous prodelta successions of the Gallup Sandstone in the Shiprock area of New Mexico in order to quantify the fundamental processes responsible for the deposition of these sands and to perform a correlation for such heterolithic deposits. Rock Ridge and Sanostee show heterolithic deposits, within parasequences 5a and 7a of the Gallup sandstone, and were analyzed, using measured sections and photomosaics, near the Shiprock area in order to compare the heterolithics in different stratigraphic settings. Five measured sections were collected at the centimeter scale in order to observe every facies change at a high resolution. Facies associations, such as tempestites, turbidites, and hyperpycnites, were used to identify dominant processes of deposition. Corresponding net-to-gross calculations yielded the sandstone percentage of each section with the result that storm-dominated beds present at Sanostee yielded the highest percentage of sand content. Two high resolution gigapan photomosaics of each heterolithic exposure were collected in order to perform a correlation of all the sandstones observed within the measured sections, across the entire exposure. Results show that dominant process of deposition varies along strike. Towards Sanostee, in the south, storm-waves are dominant while farther north rivers exert greater influence. However, the presence of large scale storm-deposited gutter casts at Sanostee has significant implications for lateral and vertical continuity of sandstones in comparison to the more tabular sandstone facies found at Rock Ridge. These guttered facies have a major impact on net-to-gross and vertical conductivity due to their high degree of amalgamation and therefore may signify important areas for prospecting in such heterolithic reservoirs. Furthermore, the presence of large scale gutters beneath a sharp-based shoreface is indicative of a Falling Stage Systems Tract, leading to the conclusion that Parasequence 7a-6d were affected by forced regression. / Thesis / Master of Science (MSc)

Denna undersökning syftar att undersöka hur Dagens Nyheter använde sig av opinionsundersökningar från svenska Gallupinstitutet vid deras introduktion i Sverige under 1940-talet och hur man legitimerade användningen, med speciellt fokus på felprognoserna i valen 1948. Undersökningen visar att Dagens Nyheter använde undersökningarna för att politiska debatter kring frågor de ansåg vara av värde samt för tt skapa nyheter om mer vardagliga händelser eller problem. Genom sin publiceringsrätt kunde de kontrollera undersökningarna resultat genom att välja ut svar och göra tolkningar från dessa. Undersökningarna legitimerades genom betoningar om hur värdefullt det var att veta den allmänna opinionen och kunna visa upp denna för befolkningen och beslutsfattarna. Dagens Nyheter:s användning av undersökningarna legitimerades primärt genom att betona Gallups säkra valprognoser som direkt bevisade undersökningarnas trovärdighet. I samband med felen i Gallups valprognoser från 1948 sker det förändringar i legitimeringen. Gallup förlorar sin legitimitet och Dagens Nyheter ändrar därmed sin inställning till undersökningar som endast ansågs kunna visa samtiden effektivt men inte vad som komma framöver. Dagens Nyheter insåg värdet som opinionsundersökningar hade och använde Gallup som ett redskap för att skapa nyheter och debatter fram tills detta inte längre gick att legirimera till läsarna.

The quantification of sediment budget in a well-defined ancient source-to-sink (S2S) system is vital to understand Earth history and basin evolution. Fulcrum analysis is an effective approach to estimate sediment volumes of depositional systems, given total mass balance throughout source areas to basins. The key to this approach is to quantify sediment in a closed S2S system with time controls. We analyzed Allomember E of the Cretaceous Dunvegan Alloformation in the Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin to test this sediment estimation approach. The results indicate that the sediment transported by the trunk-river generically matches the sediment estimated to be deposited in the basin. The upper-range estimate may suggest mud dispersal southward by geostrophic currents. Deciphering the relationships between traditional lithostratigraphy and sequence stratigraphy is the key to correctly understanding time-stratigraphic relationships. High-resolution sequence stratigraphic analysis of the Cretaceous Gallup system documents the high-frequency depositional cyclicity using detailed facies analysis in extensively exposed outcrops in northwestern New Mexico, US. We identified thirteen stratigraphic sequences, consisting of twenty-six parasequence and sixty-one parasequences. Shoreline trajectories are evaluated based on the geometry of the parasequences. The results show the previously identified sandstone tongues are equivalent to high-frequency sequence sets. The depositional duration estimates of respective sequence stratigraphic units, associated with the estimated changes in relative sea level, imply that Milankovitch-cycle-dominated glacio-eustasy may be the predominant control on the high-frequency sequence stratigraphy. Shoreline processes are more dynamic and complicated with mixed-energy dominance. The re-evaluation of the depositional environments of the Gallup system and the reconstructions of the paleogeography with temporal controls help to examine the depositional evolution in space and time. Paleogeographic reconstructions at parasequence scales allow for the documentation of the process-based lateral facies variations and the depositional evolution. The distinction between different wave-dominated facies associations is proposed based on this process-based facies analysis. / Dissertation / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

Avec l’évolution du Consensus de Washington comme fil conducteur, nous montrons que la gouvernance est partie à la reconquête de son caractère politique, caractère que les tenants du « tout marché » lui avaient retiré. Une fois le constat établi d’une gouvernance désormais démocratique, nous analysons les indicateurs produits pour la quantifier. Ces indicateurs sont en majorité des indices de perceptions, ils demeurent imparfaits, parfois biaisés.En nous intéressant à la mesure de la corruption, nous avons mis à jour l’existence d’un biais que nous qualifions de réflectif ou médiatique. La liberté de la presse joue un rôle important sur les perceptions. Nous suggérons que l’indice de perception de la corruption produit par Transparency International pénalise les jeunes démocraties. L’ouverture des médias et une liberté de la presse grandissante, en mettant à jour les actes de corruption jusqu’alors non révélés, influencent les experts de Transparency International qui ont tendance à dégrader leur notation.Récemment, un nouvel outil est apparu pour mesurer la qualité institutionnelle. Si les enquêtes menées auprès des ménages ne sont pas nouvelles en tant que telles, leur systématisation ouvre de nombreuses perspectives. En utilisant le Gallup World Poll nous avons été en mesure d’observer le ressenti des populations concernant la corruption, et ce, à une échelle encore inédite. Nous avons alors été en mesure de comparer les perceptions des ménages à celles des experts. Nous avons alors identifié les déterminants de ces écarts et montré l’influence de facteurs comme la liberté de la presse, la nature du régime politique ou encore la confiance envers les gouvernements. / With Washington Consensus as leit motiv, we show that governance ultimately reaffirmed its political nature which “whole market” supporters tried to eradicate. Once established the now democratic nature of governance, we study the indicators produced to evaluate it. These indexes are mostly perceptions indicators. Thus, they remain unperfected, sometimes biased.Focusing on corruption measurement, we uncovered a media or reflective bias. Press freedom plays an important role on perceptions. We suggest that the Corruption Perception Index, provided by Transparency International (TI) penalizes young democracies. Media aperture, broadcasting corruption deeds so far unrevealed, likely influences TI experts that consequently deteriorate their notations.Recently, a new tool appears to assess institutional quality. If household surveys are not brand new, their systematization opens new perspectives. Using Gallup Worl Poll, we were able to observe population’s feeling towards corruption at a global scale. Thus, we were able to compare population’s and expert’s perceptions. We then identified this gap determinants and put the light on the influence of press freedom, political organization or leadership approval.

This thesis seeks to predict the results of the presidential election in the United States, with a specific interest in swing states. I construct a methodology to predict the difference between the state and national two-party vote share for all 50 states plus D.C. using economic variables such as the change in the unemployment rate, the growth of real per capita Gross Domestic Product, Gallup poll ratings, and the ideology of the candidate. The methodology presented also allows the number of swing states to adjust between election years by giving each state its own coefficient on the difference between the state and national change in the unemployment rate. The resulting State-National Gap Model is then used to predict the two-party vote share for the Democrats using regression analysis with panel data for the elections from 1992-2008. My model is tested against the 2012 election and successfully predicts 49 out of 50 states as well as D.C.

No description available.

Este trabajo utiliza una nueva fuente de información -la Encuesta Mundial Gallup 2006- para estimar y caracterizar la desigualdad de los ingresos en América Latina y el Caribe (ALC) en el plano nacional, y comparar las estadísticas de ALC con las de otras regiones del mundo. La encuesta de Gallup tiene la ventaja de ser llevada a cabo en más de 130 países con casi idéntico cuestionario, por lo que constituye un complemento a las encuestas nacionales de hogares para fines de comparación internacional. Además de documentar la desigualdad de ingresos a nivel latinoamericano y mundial, el trabajo estima indicadores de desigualdad en términos de bienestar subjetivo y los compara con aquellos provenientes del ingreso. / El presente trabajo es una derivación del documento de Gasparini y Gluzmann (2009), "Estimating Income Poverty and Inequality from the Gallup World Poll, The case of Latin America and the Caribbean", <i>Documento de Trabajo</i>, Nº 83, CEDLAS. Estudio que a su vez proviene de un largo proyecto organizado por el BID: Latin American Research Network en "Quality of Life in Latin America and the Caribbean", realizado por el CEDLAS por Leonardo Gasparini, Mariana Marchionni, Sergio Olivieri y Walter Sosa Escudero. Gallup ha generosamente provisto de los microdatos de la Encuesta Mundial Gallup 2006.

This project analyzes the various opinions in the United States of Adolf Hitler and the Nazis during the 1930s and studies the amount of information that was available in the United States regarding Nazi Germany before entering World War II. Specifically, it seeks to understand why the United States did relatively little to influence German and European affairs even in the face of increasing Nazi brutality and bellicosity. The analysis has been divided into three different categories. The first focuses on the United States government, and the President and Secretary of State in particular. The second category analyzes the minority opinion in the United States that had Nazi sympathies. Finally, the third deals with the American public in general. The evidence suggests that there was enough information regarding Nazi Germany for Americans to make a reasonable judgment. Most of the United States was opposed to Nazism and the German government. In spite of this, the majority agreed that the United States should not intervene or enter war. This study is significant because it helps shed further light on a debate in the country that continues to the present day: what role should the United States have when it comes to world affairs? The research in this thesis suggests that, in spite of opposition by the American public, if there is enough verifiable evidence of a humanitarian crisis to justify intervention, the government should act.