The study originated with the assumption that the praxis of the Apostolic Faith Mission of South Africa (AFM) shows that pastors are possibly so busy with numerous duties, responsibilities and many demands made on them, that they have difficulty in mobilizing their assemblies for effective ministry (Eph. 4:12). The majority of assemblies in the AFM are functioning as institutional model assemblies. In these assemblies most of the ministries are primarily performed by the pastors, permanent staff members and a small group of the laity. The consequences are that such assemblies do not effectively fulfill the Great Commission (Matt. 28:19). Assembly mobilization implies a process whereby the laity is empowered to discover, develop and perform voluntary works of service (ministry). The study was undertaken based on the social sciences and implementing an analytical and critical approach, to develop an enhanced understanding of the way the church functions, as the body of Christ and as a living organism. The potential for growth in the body of Christ involves the mutual contribution of every member so that the whole might be built up and achieve maturity. Consequently the body of Christ metaphor was suggested as preferential for the future functioning and practice of assembly ministries, because:  The metaphor presents a principal expression of the Biblical will of God for the way in which an assembly functions in carrying out the Great Commission;  The disadvantages of institutionalism are counteracted and neutralized by this metaphor;  Both qualitative and quantitative assembly growths occur where this metaphor is implemented. The study seeks to emphasize the importance of the fact that equipping the laity has to be an ongoing process in local assemblies. With the aforementioned as point of departure, it is argued that:  All persons should be equipped to competent levels to enable them to contribute to the growth and development of the assembly through various ministries;  The fivefold ministry (Eph. 4:12) should accept the responsibility to equip the laity for their ministry;  Every lay person is gifted by God (Eph. 4:7) and should accept responsibility to minister using their gifts to build up and benefit the assembly;  Equipping and empowering the laity are crucial elements to accomplish the Great Commission. The objective was to develop the body of Christ metaphor for assemblies that focus on utilizing the gifts of the laity. This study argues that assemblies will not accomplish this objective until pastors see it as their primary responsibility to mobilize their assemblies. The challenge facing pastors lies in whether they will be able to make the following paradigm shifts:  Leadership shift from ministers to equippers;  A ministry shift from consumers to contributors. Creating a new culture and promoting the equipping and empowerment of the laity should therefore be given priority by pastors in local assemblies as a whole. These changes will enable the body of Christ to contribute to carry out the Great Commission. The program that was designed is suitable for the discovery, equipping and empowerment of the potential of the laity for voluntary works of service (ministry). The study seeks to create a general development strategy to empower the laity in assemblies. It purposefully engineers certain paradigm shifts, changes structures, creates a new management approach and introduces new processes. The spiritual growth and autonomy of any assembly depends partially on effective organization. In order to function effectively assemblies need to apply sound managerial techniques. Assemblies are to pay attention to the critical judgment of current theories. Lastly, the assembly is seen as an organization with a strong spiritual component consisting mainly of volunteers. An assembly structured according to the body of Christ metaphor will benefit greatly when it implements a “utilization of people” management theory. This thesis is a contribution aimed at assisting the leadership not only to create a culture for assembly mobilization, but also to assist them in restructuring to ensure that the process will be managed effectively. / Dr. M. Nel Prof. L. Nortjé-Meyer

The purpose of this study is to suggest a paradigm shift that will enable the traditional pastor to effectively mobilize his congregation. An in depth look at the early history of the pastor of the Carletonville-AFM congregation and his idea of the ministry was undertaken. Due to certain frustrations he experienced trying to do everything himself, the Body of Christ model was proposed for the congregation whereby every member of the congregation has a function in fulfulling the Great Commision. Certain statistics of the Carletonville-AFM congregation were analysed to obtain information about membership involvement in service ministry. It became clear that a process for the mobilisation of the congregation was needed. Mobilising the congregation should be seen as the purpose of the pastor and considered to be very important. The pastor’s managerial approach was scrutinized from the paradigm shift of ‘purposefulness,’ and the recommendation made that as the leader, he should build a strong team around himself to whom he can delegate work, thus making his work load lighter. This will empower him to concentrate on the purpose of mobilising the congregation. The study argues that there is no such thing as an untalented member, in other words, everybody has received a talent to do service ministry. The potential in people must be developed by way of equipping the members. The pastor is responsible for this development and equipping of the members. This study is a contribution that endeavours to focus the managerial approach of the pastor in the mobilisation of the Body of Christ. / Prof. W.J. Hattingh

The aim of this study was to research the content of the Robertsham AFM congregation, as well as to identify growth areas in the congregation and to design and implement guidelines for mobilisation. The Robertsham AFM congregation was evaluated, in order to determine its profile at the commencement of the study. This profile enabled the pastor to offer members of the congregation the opportunity to join the growth towards bigger involvement. Questionnaires were used to conduct the evaluation. The mobilisation process of the Robertsham AFM congregation was preceded by a preparatory process, during which the pastor as well as the congregation were prepared. Church leaders had to be prepared in terms of mobilisation, a serious reflection on their reason for existence (raison d¡¦etre) and the way ahead. The upliftment of both the congregation and members of the congregation contributed as follows: ƒá The way members of the congregation experienced God, was promoted by positive preaching, word school presentations and spiritual growth classes. The church going experience of the congregation was enhanced, by implementing specific essential actions. ƒá The image of a congregation that had been uplifted created pride within members of the congregation. Currently, more members of the community are aware of what Robertsham AFM congregation stands for. ƒá Member¡¦s experience of their fellow human beings was promoted by interpersonal relationships and by creating specific opportunities. ƒá The needs of poor members of the community were addressed by implementing a number of services. These services also promoted job creation. Eight quality characteristics of growing churches, according to CA Schwarz, are currently still being used to evaluate and monitor the congregational context. A questionnaire was used to determine to what extent members of the congregation benefitted from the development process at an early stage. Testimonies from members of the congregation were provided to supplement the personal enrichment process. The research demonstrated the importance of knowledge of the background of members of the congregation, as well as the profile of the congregation. The preparation of the pastor is of importance, in order for the mobilisation process to support and promote the correct upliftment, resources and development of members of the congregation. The research contributes towards mobilising and structuring the Robertsham AFM congregation in such a way that it will result in members of the congregation developing their potential to the maximum. In turn, this will enable them to help develop other people¡¦s potential to the maximum. / Prof. W.J. Hattingh

This essay consider several themes related to public gatherings that require more attention by archaeologists. These are (1) the relations between elites and non-elites in public events, (2) what public gatherings indicate about the societies sponsoring them, (3) the social pluralism of public encounters and their wider context and meaning, and (4) some material correlates of public gatherings. Also considered briefly are some theoretical and methodological issues in Andean ethnography and ethnohistory that have relevance to public gatherings and their analogical value in archaeology. Examples from Peru and Chile are employed to demonstrate several points. / El presente ensayo considera diversos temas relacionados con las reuniones públicas, las que requieren más atención por parte de los arqueólogos. Estos son: 1) las relaciones entre las elites y las individuos que no pertenecen a ellas en los eventos públicos, 2) lo que indican las relaciones públicas acerca de las sociedades que las subvencionan u organizan, 3) el pluralismo social de los encuentros públicos y su contexto y significado más amplios, y 4) algunos correlatos materiales de las reuniones públicas. También se consideran, brevemente, algunos temas teóricos y metodológicos en etnografía y etnohistoria andinas que tienen relevancia para las reuniones públicas y su valor analógico en arqueología. Se emplean ejemplos del Perú y Chile para demostrar diversos aspectos.

A partir da observação das práticas alimentares, entendidas enquanto constituintes de patrimônio familiar e como produto de consumo no turismo rural, esta tese analisa mudanças socioculturais em contexto de interação entre visitantes e visitados. Essas mudanças são entendidas a partir da noção de hibridismo cultural, que se realiza quando costumes herdados da população receptora tornam-se também produto de consumo para o turista, ou seja, quando ocorre a interação entre visitantes e visitados, situação de culturas em contato. Ainda, o espaço rural é aqui entendido como um rural plural, na perspectiva da multifuncionalidade. É nesse quadro que se coloca como objetivo apreender, a partir da observação das práticas alimentares, as percepções do rural e as mudanças nos modos de vida de famílias rurais em contexto de interação com turistas. Os dados empíricos foram obtidos por meio de pesquisa etnográfica, utilizando observação participante e entrevistas semiestruturadas. O olhar concentrou-se na família proprietária da Pousada Fazenda do Amor e em duas famílias vizinhas, que mantêm com a primeira, além de elo de parentesco, relações de compra, venda e troca de alimentos servidos na pousada. A análise dos dados permitiu a discussão sobre as mudanças nos modos de vida a partir da inter-relação entre familiares da Pousada Fazenda do Amor e turistas. Assim, os resultados são discutidos a partir de três formas de classificação das práticas alimentares no estabelecimento: a comida turística, a comida da cidade e a comida nossa. Ainda, a comida é entendida como patrimônio familiar e produto de consumo, capaz de criar laços entre os próprios familiares e entre os turistas, mas, também, distinção entre eles, marcando a posição dos sujeitos no encontro turístico. / From the observations of food consumption practices, being these considered as part of familial heritage and as consumption produces for rural tourism, this thesis analyses socio-cultural changes in the interaction context of visitors and hosts. These changes are comprehended based on the concept of cultural hybridism, which occurs when inherited customs of host population also become consumption produce for tourists, that is, when there is an interaction between visitors and hosts, a situation of cultures in contact. Yet, rural area is understood here as plural, in a multi functional perspective. It is in this situation that the aim is to understand, from the observation of food consumption practices, the perceptions of rural and the changes in lifestyle of rural families in the context of tourist interaction. The empirical data were taken from ethnographic research, making use of participant observations and semi structured interviews. The main focus was on the family, who owns the Fazenda do Amor Inn and on two other neighbor families, which keep with the first, besides kinship; purchasing, selling and exchange of the food served in the inn. The data analysis enabled a discussion about changes in the lifestyle from the interrelation between the family of Fazenda do Amor Inn and tourists. Thus, the results are discussed based on three categories related to the food consumption practices there; touristic food, city food and their own food. Moreover, food is considered familial heritage and also as a consumption produce which can not only straighten ties among kinship and among tourists, but can also be used as a distinction, highlighting the position of subjects in touristic gathering.

A partir da observação das práticas alimentares, entendidas enquanto constituintes de patrimônio familiar e como produto de consumo no turismo rural, esta tese analisa mudanças socioculturais em contexto de interação entre visitantes e visitados. Essas mudanças são entendidas a partir da noção de hibridismo cultural, que se realiza quando costumes herdados da população receptora tornam-se também produto de consumo para o turista, ou seja, quando ocorre a interação entre visitantes e visitados, situação de culturas em contato. Ainda, o espaço rural é aqui entendido como um rural plural, na perspectiva da multifuncionalidade. É nesse quadro que se coloca como objetivo apreender, a partir da observação das práticas alimentares, as percepções do rural e as mudanças nos modos de vida de famílias rurais em contexto de interação com turistas. Os dados empíricos foram obtidos por meio de pesquisa etnográfica, utilizando observação participante e entrevistas semiestruturadas. O olhar concentrou-se na família proprietária da Pousada Fazenda do Amor e em duas famílias vizinhas, que mantêm com a primeira, além de elo de parentesco, relações de compra, venda e troca de alimentos servidos na pousada. A análise dos dados permitiu a discussão sobre as mudanças nos modos de vida a partir da inter-relação entre familiares da Pousada Fazenda do Amor e turistas. Assim, os resultados são discutidos a partir de três formas de classificação das práticas alimentares no estabelecimento: a comida turística, a comida da cidade e a comida nossa. Ainda, a comida é entendida como patrimônio familiar e produto de consumo, capaz de criar laços entre os próprios familiares e entre os turistas, mas, também, distinção entre eles, marcando a posição dos sujeitos no encontro turístico. / From the observations of food consumption practices, being these considered as part of familial heritage and as consumption produces for rural tourism, this thesis analyses socio-cultural changes in the interaction context of visitors and hosts. These changes are comprehended based on the concept of cultural hybridism, which occurs when inherited customs of host population also become consumption produce for tourists, that is, when there is an interaction between visitors and hosts, a situation of cultures in contact. Yet, rural area is understood here as plural, in a multi functional perspective. It is in this situation that the aim is to understand, from the observation of food consumption practices, the perceptions of rural and the changes in lifestyle of rural families in the context of tourist interaction. The empirical data were taken from ethnographic research, making use of participant observations and semi structured interviews. The main focus was on the family, who owns the Fazenda do Amor Inn and on two other neighbor families, which keep with the first, besides kinship; purchasing, selling and exchange of the food served in the inn. The data analysis enabled a discussion about changes in the lifestyle from the interrelation between the family of Fazenda do Amor Inn and tourists. Thus, the results are discussed based on three categories related to the food consumption practices there; touristic food, city food and their own food. Moreover, food is considered familial heritage and also as a consumption produce which can not only straighten ties among kinship and among tourists, but can also be used as a distinction, highlighting the position of subjects in touristic gathering.

A partir da observação das práticas alimentares, entendidas enquanto constituintes de patrimônio familiar e como produto de consumo no turismo rural, esta tese analisa mudanças socioculturais em contexto de interação entre visitantes e visitados. Essas mudanças são entendidas a partir da noção de hibridismo cultural, que se realiza quando costumes herdados da população receptora tornam-se também produto de consumo para o turista, ou seja, quando ocorre a interação entre visitantes e visitados, situação de culturas em contato. Ainda, o espaço rural é aqui entendido como um rural plural, na perspectiva da multifuncionalidade. É nesse quadro que se coloca como objetivo apreender, a partir da observação das práticas alimentares, as percepções do rural e as mudanças nos modos de vida de famílias rurais em contexto de interação com turistas. Os dados empíricos foram obtidos por meio de pesquisa etnográfica, utilizando observação participante e entrevistas semiestruturadas. O olhar concentrou-se na família proprietária da Pousada Fazenda do Amor e em duas famílias vizinhas, que mantêm com a primeira, além de elo de parentesco, relações de compra, venda e troca de alimentos servidos na pousada. A análise dos dados permitiu a discussão sobre as mudanças nos modos de vida a partir da inter-relação entre familiares da Pousada Fazenda do Amor e turistas. Assim, os resultados são discutidos a partir de três formas de classificação das práticas alimentares no estabelecimento: a comida turística, a comida da cidade e a comida nossa. Ainda, a comida é entendida como patrimônio familiar e produto de consumo, capaz de criar laços entre os próprios familiares e entre os turistas, mas, também, distinção entre eles, marcando a posição dos sujeitos no encontro turístico. / From the observations of food consumption practices, being these considered as part of familial heritage and as consumption produces for rural tourism, this thesis analyses socio-cultural changes in the interaction context of visitors and hosts. These changes are comprehended based on the concept of cultural hybridism, which occurs when inherited customs of host population also become consumption produce for tourists, that is, when there is an interaction between visitors and hosts, a situation of cultures in contact. Yet, rural area is understood here as plural, in a multi functional perspective. It is in this situation that the aim is to understand, from the observation of food consumption practices, the perceptions of rural and the changes in lifestyle of rural families in the context of tourist interaction. The empirical data were taken from ethnographic research, making use of participant observations and semi structured interviews. The main focus was on the family, who owns the Fazenda do Amor Inn and on two other neighbor families, which keep with the first, besides kinship; purchasing, selling and exchange of the food served in the inn. The data analysis enabled a discussion about changes in the lifestyle from the interrelation between the family of Fazenda do Amor Inn and tourists. Thus, the results are discussed based on three categories related to the food consumption practices there; touristic food, city food and their own food. Moreover, food is considered familial heritage and also as a consumption produce which can not only straighten ties among kinship and among tourists, but can also be used as a distinction, highlighting the position of subjects in touristic gathering.

Mass gatherings stress local and global health care systems as they bring together individuals from all over the world that have very different health conditions. We firstly provide an overview of the concepts and results of mathematical epidemiology and public health. Secondly, we present an introduction to the mathematical modelling of measles using deterministic and stochastic approaches for both single and multiple populations. Lastly, we develop a model for mass gatherings and present an application to measles during the Hajj by studying an SIR deterministic metapopulation model with residency and its stochastic analogue. The models incorporate real world country data and time dependent movement and transmission rates, accounting for realistic volume of international travel and seasonality of measles activity. Numerical results for the deterministic system are presented. We conclude with a discussion on further work.

Mass gatherings stress local and global health care systems as they bring together individuals from all over the world that have very different health conditions. We firstly provide an overview of the concepts and results of mathematical epidemiology and public health. Secondly, we present an introduction to the mathematical modelling of measles using deterministic and stochastic approaches for both single and multiple populations. Lastly, we develop a model for mass gatherings and present an application to measles during the Hajj by studying an SIR deterministic metapopulation model with residency and its stochastic analogue. The models incorporate real world country data and time dependent movement and transmission rates, accounting for realistic volume of international travel and seasonality of measles activity. Numerical results for the deterministic system are presented. We conclude with a discussion on further work.

Thesis (D. Min.)--Catholic Theological Union at Chicago, 2008. / Abstract and vita. Description based on Print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 271-280).