<p> In the latter half of the twentieth century and especially in the last twenty-five years, soccer has grown exponentially in the United States. Historically, the country has been lagging behind most of the world when it comes to adoption and diffusion of the sport; however, recent studies suggest that it has been a space of exceptionalism when incorporating the participation of women.</p><p> Studies on soccer from a geographic perspective are relatively isolated and demonstrate a tendency to favor male professional athletes. There is no similar research to examine the origins of female professional soccer players. This study will contribute to filling this identified gender gap in geographic sports studies. These previous studies on male professional athletes suggest that they can geographically originate from areas of lower socioeconomic standing. The findings from this study show a distinct contrast between male and female professional athlete origins.</p><p> Results reveal that the origins of most female professional players can be connected to suburbanized middle to upper middle class white communities close to major cities mainly in coastal regions. From a per capita perspective, the results also show that states in the West produce more players than states in the East. Socio-cultural perspectives explain these patterns, supporting a common hypothesis that most female professional soccer players in the USA are white and come from areas of relative affluence.</p><p>

<p> The purpose of this study is to outline the experience of three elite, collegiate male endurance runners presenting with characteristics of a potential male version of the Female Athlete Triad and undergoing clinical treatment and intervention for bone stress injuries (BSIs) and/or hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. Using data extracted from a larger, prospective study on nutrition interventions to prevent bone stress injuries, three athletes (two presenting with BSIs and the third presenting with significant hypogonadotropic hypogonadism) were followed throughout their collegiate athletic career. Each athlete exhibited nutritional deficits and consulted with a sports dietitian to optimize their energy status and facilitate recovery from their Triad-related injuries. This case series provides clinical evidence that male endurance runners may be susceptible to a Triad parallel to the Female Athlete Triad, with significant clinical sequelae being the development of bone stress injuries or hypogonadism that may stem from low energy availability.</p><p>

This thesis is a qualitative research project that takes as its starting point a knowledge gap found in the literature concerning the Green Line of the island of Cyprus. Although the aforementioned literature contextualizes the aftermath of the island’s division, the traumas and consequences of the division, as well as its effects on the construction of national and ethnic identities, it nevertheless leaves the materiality of bodies, which entangle with the Line unexamined. For this reason, the thesis aims to create a new way of thinking the entanglements between borders and bodies by suggesting a new theoretical framework that will take account of bodies when analyzing borders in general and the Green Line in particular. Drawing on theories of border feminism and new feminist materialism or corpomaterialist postconstructionism, I explore the entanglements between borders and bodies through the insights of eight semi-structured, in-depth interviews I conducted during March-April 2016. The thesis is informed by a feminist epistemology, which is deeply embodied and contextual, while it recognizes the partial perspective I, as a researcher, have towards my empirical material. For this reason, the determinative concepts that have assisted the development of this study are the following: accountability, situatedness, and self-reflexivity.

Syftet med uppsatsen är att undersöka hur nyanlända kvinnor – när de kommer till Sverige och specifikt i kontakt med Arbetsförmedlingen – kan påverkas av rasifiering, könskodning och könsgörande samt om, och i så fall hur, dessa processer kan samverka. Denna undersökning bygger på en intervjustudie med fem deltagare, där tre arbetar som handläggare på Arbetsförmedlingen och två arbetar som integrationssamordnare i tät kontakt med Arbetsförmedlingen. Resultaten visar att nyanlända kvinnor befinner sig i en komplex intersektion mellan kön, ras, klass, svenskhet och vithet med sammanvävda konsekvenser. Den svenska statens migrationspolitik, där ett ekonomisk rättfärdigande för mottagandet av nyanlända står i fokus, bidrar till att både legitimera och osynliggöra dessa konsekvenser. Dessa konsekvenser har visat sig vara kraftigare och mer accentuerade för kvinnor än för män. / igma femina

<p> Denhof et al. (2014) defined corrections fatigue as &ldquo;a collection of negative an inter-related consequences upon the health and functioning of corrections professionals and the workplace culture as a whole due to exposure to traumatic, operational, and organizational stressors and their interacting consequences&rdquo; (p. 5) resulting in socially dysfunctional ideology and negative changes in personality, health and functioning, resulting in an average age of mortality established at 59 years (Brower, 2013a, 2013b; Cheek, 1984). Group differences were examined utilizing multivariate statistical tests with archival data. Findings indicate that variables within the correctional environment (age, tenure, gender of staff, security level of the institution and perceptions of assaults and safety) influence the experience of corrections fatigue symptoms. Counselor, administration, and staff implications are discussed. </p><p>

<p> This study uses life-history interviews with militarized men to describe a version of masculinity constructed in the local context of a non-profit motorcycle club. The study describes the details of one group&rsquo;s specific gender nature, the result of which expands and challenges our understanding of the masculinity master narrative. The findings establish that both hegemonic and nonhegemonic attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors co-exist in the local dominant masculine norm, thereby disrupting traditional distinctions of masculinity as being either hegemonic or nonhegemonic. Key future research implications support the study of context as essential to the study of gender construction, challenge descriptions of masculinity as being either hegemonic or nonhegemonic, and posit the relevance of veteran peer groups in supporting post-military resocialization.</p><p>

<p> Risky sexual behavior (RSB; i.e., behavior that increases the risk of contracting an STI and/or unplanned pregnancy) is common on college campuses and poses serious health risks to students. Yet, little research has examined the factors impacting students&rsquo; engagement in RSB. The current study examined the role of gender and social media in college students&rsquo; peer norms of and intentions to engage in RSB. An experimental design was used in which participants were exposed to one of four conditions (i.e., neutral or RSB content, within and without a social media platform) and then asked to report on peer norms of RSB and their own intentions to engage in RSB. Results demonstrated that, contrary to hypotheses, there was no significant interaction between experimental condition and gender in predicting descriptive norms of risky sexual behavior and intentions to engage in risky sexual behavior. Result did, however, demonstrate a main effect of gender for peer norms of RSB; female participants reported significantly higher peer norms of RSB than male participants. No other statistically significant main effects were found. </p><p> Results emphasize the ubiquity of RSB among college students and the large discrepancy between students&rsquo; peer norms of RSB and actual behavior. The significant difference between female and male students&rsquo; perceptions of peers&rsquo; engagement in RSB is an important finding in the context of inconsistent previous research on gender differences in peer norms of RSB. Possible explanations for the non-significant findings in the current study are discussed as well as implications for prevention and intervention efforts aimed at reducing college students&rsquo; engagement in RSB.</p><p>

<p> Mouth whistling is one of the oldest forms of commination known to humans. Though often overlooked and underappreciated, whistling has been a powerful, universal tactic of message sending for millennia. Research reveals historical contexts of whistling as an uncouth, unlucky and unladylike act reserved for the working class. This has resulted in the disparagement of all forms of whistling. Despite its status as a marginalized act, people around the world partake of whistling for many purposes, including music. Competitive whistling events which showcase virtuosic musical talent have existed for over forty years, yet the art form does not receive the respect other musical instruments have been awarded. This thesis explores the rhetorical influences that have consigned whistling to low-culture, muting its voice and restricting its existence as a legitimate musical art form. It examines how essentialist perspectives, empowered by hegemonic ideologies of gender and class, have constrained the potential of musical whistling to grow as a culturally credible musical contribution. Patriarchal hierarchies and gendered, linguistic cues promote subtle sexist practices which marginalize people and practices based on arbitrary cultural constructs. Historically, women have been expressly forbidden from whistling. Direct and subtle sexist messages, perpetuated through language and folklore have sustained the status quo across generations, silencing women&rsquo;s voices and whistles. Exposing unconscious acts which support and sustain the status quo reveal subtle, marginalizing forces which promulgate ideologies across generations. Nescience is investigated as a powerful element sustaining archaic ideological perspectives. Through autoethnography, the author, a world-champion whistler, describes strategic rhetorical processes employed with the intention of reframing and transforming musical whistling from noise to art.</p><p>

<p>The heroine in feminist speculative fiction signifies and functions as the creator and destroyer of her community, particularly based on dystopian societies, the heroine uses the duality of creator and destroyer without the complexities of present society; however, the issues in these novels serve to highlight and emphasize problems with current gender identity and equality. Furthermore, the idea this heroine exists to destabilize narratives of patriarchy give voice to the powerless while continuing a narrative of the powerlessness, and counter narratives of gender normality. Each heroine confronts a patriarchal leader who symbolizes the faults in the existing societal regime, which allows her to undermine the hierarchy set up by men. With narrative centered on experiences of the heroine, the authors of these texts show how one voice can help exemplify the many. As heroines who incorporate characteristics of gender, they demonstrate that to lead, a person must be willing to identify not just as one sex, but as a person who understands where certain characteristics are not inherently male or female. Her role as creator/destroyer is to achieve communal, structural, and personal unity, completeness, or wholeness. The heroine looks to institute communities that depend on one another, that understand each person has strength to share, and that build trust on these shared strengths. The heroine seeks harmony with the people around her, but she also discovers harmony within herself. She must learn to accept the notion that as the creator of something new, she is also the destroyer. It is her acceptance of this wholeness that will help her lead a new kind of humanity.

Abstract not available.