DNA repair in Gossypium barbadense L. cotyledonary tissue was examined in vivo during early germination. DNA strand breaks were initiated by applying ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) during seed imbibition. Strand rejoining was monitored through a period of EMS induced DNS synthesis by means of velocity sedimentation analysis. There was an absence of DNA molecular weight increase as disclosed by the sedimentation profiles. It is presumed velocity sedimentation evaluation was insensitive for detecting in vivo restoration of cotyledonous DNA strand breaks. The altered DNA synthesis response perceived within treated seedling cotyledons perhaps reflects, but does not establish the operation of a cellular mutagenic repair system. EMS induced morphological mutant cotton plants arising during the course of this investigation were cytologically identified as possessing duplicate-deficient chromosomes.

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-09-06T14:26:33Z No. of bitstreams: 1 arthurladeiramacedo.pdf: 2377553 bytes, checksum: 6c4d490fea818c6c85a6c551bd1e3d26 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-09-06T14:50:02Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 arthurladeiramacedo.pdf: 2377553 bytes, checksum: 6c4d490fea818c6c85a6c551bd1e3d26 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-06T14:50:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arthurladeiramacedo.pdf: 2377553 bytes, checksum: 6c4d490fea818c6c85a6c551bd1e3d26 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-07-17 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Folhas de Gossypium barbadense L. (Malvaceae), conhecido como algodoeiro, são utilizadas popularmente para o tratamento de corrimento vaginal. A principal etiologia é a vaginose bacteriana (VB). VB é uma infecção complexa, na qual várias bactérias anaeróbias estão presentes, sendo a de maior incidência Gardnerella vaginalis. VB causa o aumento do corrimento vaginal, lise de células epiteliais vaginais, podendo causar parto prematuro (PPM), e outras complicações durante a gravidez. O mecanismo de PPM não está totalmente elucidado, porém uma proposta bem aceita é a de inflamação das membranas fetais. No presente trabalho avaliaram-se as atividades de extratos brutos e frações semi-purificadas de folhas de G. barbadense: 1) contra G. vaginalis, 2) citotóxica contra Artemia salina, 3) na viabilidade celular de células saudáveis (3T3) e cancerosas (MCF7) e 4) antiinflamatória no perfil de citocinas (IL-17, TNF- e INF-) e NO. Além disso, foi realizado o perfil cromatográfico dos extratos e frações semi-purificadas em CCD, CLAE-DAD e CG-EM e o isolamento de um flavonoide que foi identificado utilizandose RMN 1H, COSY e HSQC como sendo uma quercetina com substituição na hidroxila do carbono 3. Os extratos e frações polares mostram-se ricos em flavonoides, enquanto os apolares mostraram-se ricos em terpenoides e ácidos graxos saturados e insaturados. A fração diclorometânica (FDM) do extrato bruto metanólico (EBM) apresentou substâncias dos extratos polares e apolares. EBM e FDM apresentaram atividade expressiva contra G. vaginalis, aparentemente devido ao sinergismo entre flavonoides e substâncias apolares. EBM e FDM não apresentaram citotoxicidade contra A. salina e, em conjunto com as frações hexânica (FH), e em acetato de etila de EBM (FAE), apresentaram aumento da viabilidade de 3T3 e o extrato bruto aquoso e FDM reduziram a de MCF7. O extrato bruto hexânico (EBH) apresentou melhor atividade anti-inflamatória. Os demais extratos apresentaram menor atividade. Extratos e frações de folhas de G. barbadense, principalmente EBM e FDM, apresentam potencial para futuros estudos in vivo visando a confirmação das atividades em sistemas biológicos complexos. / Gossypium barbadense L. (Malvaceae) leaves, known as cotton, have been used for vaginal discharge treatment. Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is the major etiology. BV is a complex infection, involving a wide variety of anaerobes, being Gardnerella vaginailis the most incident. BV increases the amount of vaginal discharge, causing epithelial cells’ lysis, it can cause, also, preterm delivery (PTD) and other complications during pregnancy, as well. PTD mechanism is not totally known, but the inflammation of fetal membranes is one accepted theory. The present work evaluated 1) antimicrobial against G. vaginalis, 2) cytotoxicity against Artemia salina, 3) cell viability of health (3T3) and cancer (MCF7) cells and 4) anti-inflammatory evaluating cytokines (IL-17, TNF- e INF-) and NO activities of crude extracts and semi-purified fractions of G. barbadense leaves. Moreover, the chromatographic profile of crude extracts and semi-purified fractions were evaluated by TLC, HPLC-DAD and GC-MS. A flavonoid was isolated, being elucidated as a replaced quercetin, probably in hydroxyl group of carbon 3, by NMR 1H, COSY and HSQC. Flavonoids were abundant in polar extracts and fractions, and fatty acids and terpenoids were abundant in nonpolar ones. Polar and nonpolar compounds were observed in dichloromethane fraction (DMF) of methanol crude extract (MCE). MCE and DMF showed a expressive activity against G. vaginalis and the synergism between flavonoids and nonpolar substances appear to be crucial. MCE and DMF do not show cytotoxicity against A. salina, and with the hexane fraction (HF) and ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) of MCE showed an increase in cell viability of 3T3. Aqueous crude extract and DMF reduced the cell viability of MCF7. A most promising anti-inflammatory activity was presented by hexanic crude extract. Other crude extracts showed a less intense activity. G. barbadense leaves extracts and semi-purified fractions, chiefly MCE and DMF, presented good potential for future in vivo studies seeking the confirmation of these activities in complex biological systems.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-08-20T13:44:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertacao_blanca_acuna_idrogo.pdf: 2513627 bytes, checksum: 04a4e68c1763a9929f1a4cfa61b1b413 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-10-17 / The present reseaech paper was made in the District,Province and Region Lambayeque located in northern Perú during the agricultura seasons: 2004-2005, 2005- 2007 and 2006-2007. The objetive was to evaluate the entomo fauna behavior and the This research work is run in the District, Province and Region Lambayeque, Peru during the crop season 2004-2005, 2005-2006 and 2006 - 2007 with the objective of evaluating the behavior of the entomofauna and yield potential native cotton (Gossypium barbadense L Ssp. Peruvianum).) cotton called "country". The crop was installed in June 2004 beginning with a nursery, in an area corresponding to Ferreñafe Sican Museum and its final installation in the field of Sipan Museum in Lambayeque, at an altitude of 29 meters, average temperature 22.5 º C, humidity on 75% and an average rainfall of 24 mm. 1.333 plants were installed. Also served to assess the ecotypes of color, material valued for its natural color, with a genetic resource of great value to work rescuing this poor germplasm, which is in danger of extisiòn due to the introduction of commercial hybrid , that would put in risk so precious ancestral legacy. We found significant genetic variation in all attributes evaluated. Ferreñafe province had the highest genetic variability in fiber color, the colored ecotypes present five out of nine. The most critical phases of pest attack were sprouting, fruiting and capsule opening. There was a low infestation of worm borer leaf Bucculatrix thurberiella, "Arrebiatadas" Dysdercus peruvianus "Peruvian beaked" Anthonomus vestitus and "wart mite" Acaliptus gossypii, mainly due to unsuitable conditions for their development. The native cotton crop will be greatly affected by the attack of pests if not done an adequate integrated pest management. The more promising ecotypes were: Orange-face, Fine red, white and pink White simple, 2903, 1880, 1642 and 1.24 kilos per plant, respectively. For weight of weed, highlights the ecotypes: Fine Colorado Claro Fifo 3.95 to 2.96 g, respectively, was found in the first harvest of the arboretum A , a greater number of fruit branches with 43,797 branches, with respect to the soca harvest, which formed only 10,643 fruit branches. In the arboretum "B", the results were the same trend. Sample sizes were adequate and representative of the population. The data had a normal or approximately normal distribution. / El presente trabajo de investigación se ejecutó en el Distrito, Provincia y Región Lambayeque-Perú, durante las campañas agrícola 2004-2005, 2005-2006 y 2006- 2007 con el objetivo de evaluar, el comportamiento de la entomofauna y el potencial de rendimiento de algodones nativos (Gossypium barbadense L. Ssp. Peruvianum) , denominado algodón del país . El cultivo se instaló en Junio 2004 iniciándose con un vivero, en un área correspondiente al Museo Sicán de Ferreñafe y su instalación definitiva en el ámbito del Museo de Sipán, en Lambayeque. Se instalaron 1,333 plantones. Además sirvió para evaluar los ecotipos de color, material valioso por su coloración natural, siendo un recurso genético de gran valor para trabajos de rescate de este escaso germoplasma, que se encuentra en peligro de extinción debido a la introducción de híbridos comerciales y cultivares transgénicos, que pondrían en riesgo tan preciado legado ancestral. Se encontró variabilidad genética significativa en todos los atributos evaluados. La provincia de Ferreñafe presentó la mayor variabilidad genética en color de fibra, al presentar cinco ecotipos coloreados de un total de nueve. Las fases más críticas para el ataque de plagas fueron en brotamiento, fructificación y apertura de cápsulas. El cultivo de algodón nativo se verá muy afectado por el ataque de plagas si no se realiza un adecuado manejo integrado de plagas. Los ecotipos más rendidores fueron: Anaranjado-Ante, fino colorado, blanco rosáceo y blanco simple, con 2.903, 1.880, 1.642 y 1.24 kilogramos por planta, respectivamente. Para peso de mota, sobresalieron los ecotipos: Fino colorado y fifo claro con 3.95 a 2.96 g, respectivamente, se encontró en la primera cosecha del arboretum A , en mayor número de ramas fruteras con 43.797 ramas, con respecto a la cosecha soca , que solo formó 10.643 ramas fruteras. En el arboretum B , los resultados tuvieron la misma tendencia.