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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
31

Test case generation using symbolic grammars and quasirandom sequences

Felix Reyes, Alejandro Unknown Date
No description available.
32

A linguagem da arquitetura hospitalar de João Filgueiras Lima

Westphal, Eduardo January 2007 (has links)
Este trabalho tem como objetivo a descrição dos elementos que caracterizam a linguagem arquitetônica de João Filgueiras Lima, o Lelé, para a Rede Sarah de Hospitais do Aparelho Locomotor, visando à identificação dos atributos que conferem identidade aos projetos e permitem a criatividade face ao emprego de um sistema construtivo produzido em escala industrial. As análises abrangeram a articulação espacial, pelo emprego da Sintaxe Espacial; a composição das formas e sua articulação, pelo emprego de conceitos das Gramáticas de Formas; e a articulação dos componentes construtivos, pelo emprego de conceitos das Gramáticas de Cores. Os atributos identificados permitiram a descrição de uma genealogia de decisões de projeto aplicável à síntese da linguagem de Lelé. Esses atributos integram-se sob a forma de diretrizes para a construção de um Algoritmo Genético capaz de mapear novas soluções com respeito à linguagem descrita e às restrições do programa hospitalar e da industrialização. A compreensão dessa genealogia encontra aplicação tanto na prática profissional quanto no ensino de projeto. As conclusões do trabalho sugerem a continuidade das análises visando à construção de um algoritmo mais complexo que procure soluções com maior potencial de adaptabilidade. / This work aims at describing the elements that characterize the architectural language of João Filgueiras Lima, Lelé, developed for the Sarah Network of Hospitals for the Locomotor System, looking for the identification of attributes that assign identity to his projects and allow creativity despite of using an industrialized construction system. The analysis reached spatial articulation, using Space Syntax; the composition of shapes and their articulation, using Shape Grammars’ concepts; and the articulation of building components, using Color Grammars concepts. The identified attributes allowed the description of a genealogy of design procedures applicable to the synthesis of the language of Lelé. Such attributes are integrated into ways for coding a Genetic Algorithm that maps new solutions under the described language and the constraints of the hospital program and the industrialization process. The understanding of such genealogy finds applications both in professional practice and architectural design teaching. The conclusions of this work suggest the further development of the analysis, looking for a more complex algorithm able to search for fitter solutions.
33

A linguagem da arquitetura hospitalar de João Filgueiras Lima

Westphal, Eduardo January 2007 (has links)
Este trabalho tem como objetivo a descrição dos elementos que caracterizam a linguagem arquitetônica de João Filgueiras Lima, o Lelé, para a Rede Sarah de Hospitais do Aparelho Locomotor, visando à identificação dos atributos que conferem identidade aos projetos e permitem a criatividade face ao emprego de um sistema construtivo produzido em escala industrial. As análises abrangeram a articulação espacial, pelo emprego da Sintaxe Espacial; a composição das formas e sua articulação, pelo emprego de conceitos das Gramáticas de Formas; e a articulação dos componentes construtivos, pelo emprego de conceitos das Gramáticas de Cores. Os atributos identificados permitiram a descrição de uma genealogia de decisões de projeto aplicável à síntese da linguagem de Lelé. Esses atributos integram-se sob a forma de diretrizes para a construção de um Algoritmo Genético capaz de mapear novas soluções com respeito à linguagem descrita e às restrições do programa hospitalar e da industrialização. A compreensão dessa genealogia encontra aplicação tanto na prática profissional quanto no ensino de projeto. As conclusões do trabalho sugerem a continuidade das análises visando à construção de um algoritmo mais complexo que procure soluções com maior potencial de adaptabilidade. / This work aims at describing the elements that characterize the architectural language of João Filgueiras Lima, Lelé, developed for the Sarah Network of Hospitals for the Locomotor System, looking for the identification of attributes that assign identity to his projects and allow creativity despite of using an industrialized construction system. The analysis reached spatial articulation, using Space Syntax; the composition of shapes and their articulation, using Shape Grammars’ concepts; and the articulation of building components, using Color Grammars concepts. The identified attributes allowed the description of a genealogy of design procedures applicable to the synthesis of the language of Lelé. Such attributes are integrated into ways for coding a Genetic Algorithm that maps new solutions under the described language and the constraints of the hospital program and the industrialization process. The understanding of such genealogy finds applications both in professional practice and architectural design teaching. The conclusions of this work suggest the further development of the analysis, looking for a more complex algorithm able to search for fitter solutions.
34

[en] MCAD SHAPE GRAMMAR: PROCEDURAL MODELING FOR INDUSTRIAL MASSIVE CAD MODELS / [pt] MCAD SHAPE GRAMMAR: MODELAGEM PROCEDIMENTAL EM MODELOS CAD MASSIVOS INDUSTRIAIS

WALLAS HENRIQUE SOUSA DOS SANTOS 31 July 2018 (has links)
[pt] Modelos CAD 3D são ferramentas utilizadas na indústria para planejamento e simulações antes da construção ou realização de tarefas. Em muitos casos, como por exemplo na indústria de óleo e gás, esses modelos podem ser massivos, ou seja, possuem informações detalhadas em larga escala no intuito de que sejam fontes de informações precisas. Para obtenção de navegação interativa nesses modelos é necessária uma combinação de hardware e software adequados. Mesmo hoje com GPUs mais modernas, a renderização direta desses modelos não é eficiente, sendo necessárias abordagens clássicas como descarte de objetos não visíveis e LOD antes de enviar os dados à GPU. Logo, para renderização em tempo real de modelos CAD massivos são necessários algoritmos e estruturas de dados escaláveis para processamento da cena de forma eficiente. O trabalho dessa tese propõe o MCAD (Massive Computer-Aided Design) Shape grammar, uma gramática expansiva que gera objetos para criar cenas 3D de modelos massivos de forma procedimental. Nos últimos anos, modelagem procedimental tem ganhado atenção para criar cenas 3D rapidamente utilizando uma representação compacta, que armazena regras de geração ao invés de representação explícita da cena. MCAD Shape grammar explora repetições e padrões presentes em modelos massivos para renderização de cenas, reduzindo o consumo de memória e processando a cena procedimentalmente de forma eficiente. Convertemos modelos reais de refinarias em MCAD Shape grammar e implementamos um renderizador para os mesmos. Os resultados mostraram que esta solução é escalável com alto desempenho, além de ser a primeira vez que modelagem procedimental é utilizada nesse domínio. / [en] 3D CAD models are tools used in the industry for planning and simulations before construction or completion of tasks. In many cases, such as in the oil and gas industry, these models can be massive, that is, they have large-scale detailed information in order to be sources of accurate information. Interactive navigation in these models requires a combination of appropriate hardware and software. Even nowadays with modern GPUs, the direct rendering of these models is not efficient, requiring classic approaches such as culling non-visible objects and LOD before sending the data to the GPU. Therefore, for real-time rendering of massive CAD models, we need scalable algorithms and data structures to efficiently process the scene. The work of this thesis proposes MCAD (Massive Computer-Aided Design) Shape grammar, an expansive grammar that procedurally generates objects to create 3D scenes of massive models. In recent years procedural modeling has drawn attention for quickly creating 3D scenes using a compact representation, which stores generation rules rather than explicit representation of the scene. MCAD Shape grammar explores repetitions and patterns present in massive models for rendering scenes, reducing memory footprint and procedurally processing the scene efficiently. We converted real refinery models into MCAD Shape grammar and implemented a renderer for them. Results showed that our solution is scalable with high performance, also it is the first time that procedural modeling is used in this domain.
35

A linguagem da arquitetura hospitalar de João Filgueiras Lima

Westphal, Eduardo January 2007 (has links)
Este trabalho tem como objetivo a descrição dos elementos que caracterizam a linguagem arquitetônica de João Filgueiras Lima, o Lelé, para a Rede Sarah de Hospitais do Aparelho Locomotor, visando à identificação dos atributos que conferem identidade aos projetos e permitem a criatividade face ao emprego de um sistema construtivo produzido em escala industrial. As análises abrangeram a articulação espacial, pelo emprego da Sintaxe Espacial; a composição das formas e sua articulação, pelo emprego de conceitos das Gramáticas de Formas; e a articulação dos componentes construtivos, pelo emprego de conceitos das Gramáticas de Cores. Os atributos identificados permitiram a descrição de uma genealogia de decisões de projeto aplicável à síntese da linguagem de Lelé. Esses atributos integram-se sob a forma de diretrizes para a construção de um Algoritmo Genético capaz de mapear novas soluções com respeito à linguagem descrita e às restrições do programa hospitalar e da industrialização. A compreensão dessa genealogia encontra aplicação tanto na prática profissional quanto no ensino de projeto. As conclusões do trabalho sugerem a continuidade das análises visando à construção de um algoritmo mais complexo que procure soluções com maior potencial de adaptabilidade. / This work aims at describing the elements that characterize the architectural language of João Filgueiras Lima, Lelé, developed for the Sarah Network of Hospitals for the Locomotor System, looking for the identification of attributes that assign identity to his projects and allow creativity despite of using an industrialized construction system. The analysis reached spatial articulation, using Space Syntax; the composition of shapes and their articulation, using Shape Grammars’ concepts; and the articulation of building components, using Color Grammars concepts. The identified attributes allowed the description of a genealogy of design procedures applicable to the synthesis of the language of Lelé. Such attributes are integrated into ways for coding a Genetic Algorithm that maps new solutions under the described language and the constraints of the hospital program and the industrialization process. The understanding of such genealogy finds applications both in professional practice and architectural design teaching. The conclusions of this work suggest the further development of the analysis, looking for a more complex algorithm able to search for fitter solutions.
36

[en] CORRESPONDENCE BETWEEN PEGS AND CLASSES OF CONTEXT-FREE GRAMMARS / [pt] CORRESPONDÊNCIA ENTRE PEGS E CLASSES DE GRAMÁTICAS LIVRES DE CONTEXTO

SERGIO QUEIROZ DE MEDEIROS 31 January 2011 (has links)
[pt] Gramáticas de Expressões de Parsing (PEGs) são um formalismo que permite descrever linguagens e que possui como característica distintiva o uso de um operador de escolha ordenada. A classe de linguagens descrita por PEGs contém propriamente todas as linguagens livres de contexto determinísticas. Nesta tese discutimos a correspondência de PEGs com dois outros formalismos usados para descrever linguagens: expressões regulares e Gramáticas Livres de Contexto (CFGs). Apresentamos uma formalização de expressões regulares usando semântica natural e mostramos uma transformação para converter expressões regulares em PEGs que descrevem a mesma linguagem; essa transformação pode ser facilmente adaptada para acomodar diversas extensões usadas por bibliotecas de expressões regulares (e.g., repetição preguiçosa e subpadrões independentes). Também apresentamos uma nova formalização de CFGs usando semântica natural e mostramos a correspondência entre CFGs lineares à direita e PEGs equivalentes. Além disso, mostramos que gramáticas LL(1) com uma pequena restrição descrevem a mesma linguagem quando interpretadas como CFGs e quando interpretadas como PEGs. Por fim, mostramos como transformar CFGs LL(k)-forte em PEGs equivalentes. / [en] Parsing Expression Grammars (PEGs) are a formalism that allow us to describe languages and that has as its distinguishing feature the use of an ordered choice operator. The class of languages described by PEGs properly contains all deterministic context-free languages. In this thesis we discuss the correspondence between PEGs and two other formalisms used to describe languages: regular expressions and Context-Free Grammars (CFGs). We present a new formalization of regular expressions that uses natural semantics and we show a transformation to convert a regular expression into a PEG that describes the same language; this transformation can be easily adapted to accommodate several extensions used by regular expression libraries (e.g., lazy repetition and independent subpatterns). We also present a new formalization of CFGs that uses natural semantics and we show the correspondence between right linear CFGs and equivalent PEGs. Moreover, we show that LL(1) grammars with a minor restriction define the same language when interpreted as a CFG and when interpreted as a PEG. Finally, we show how to transform strong-LL(k) CFGs into PEGs that are equivalent.
37

Fonética e fonologia em gramáticas portuguesas do século XIX: terminologia, técnicas e contextos para a descrição / Phonetics and phonology in Portuguese grammars of the nineteenth century: terminology, techniques, and contexts for the description.

Rodrigues, Julia de Crudis 18 September 2015 (has links)
Esta dissertação teve como principal meta analisar a metalinguagem utilizada por gramáticos portugueses do século XIX para descrever a fonética e a fonologia da língua. As obras oitocentistas que compõem nosso corpus são: Couto e Melo (1818), Soares Barbosa (1822), Constâncio (1831), Caldas Aulete (1864), Coelho (1868) e Coelho (1891). Partimos da metodologia de Swiggers (2010), que propõe sete parâmetros classêmicos que organizam as relações possíveis tanto entre metatermos, quanto deles com aspectos contextuais em que as obras estejam inseridas. Nossos estudos nos levaram a sete metatermos fundamentais para a compreensão do estudo de fonética e fonologia em obras descritoras do português naquele período: som, letra, voz, vogal, consoante, nasal e oral. Fez parte, também, de nossa pesquisa, um estudo comparativo entre estas obras do século XIX e três obras do século XVI, momento inicial dos estudo gramaticais em Portugal: Oliveira (1536), Barros (1540) e Leão (1576). Como resultados, acreditamos ter demonstrado que, ainda que haja certa persistência e manutenção de aspectos da tradição gramaticográfica portuguesa, é possível observar mudanças significativas no modo de descrição dos gramáticos oitocentistas, quando comparados com os do século XVI. Pudemos comprovar, ainda, a nossa hipótese de que a permanência e a mudança são mais bem observadas se analisadas a partir de redes terminológicas do que pelo exame isolado dos metatermos. / This dissertation has as its main aim to analyze the metalanguage employed to describe phonetic and phonological properties by Portuguese grammarians. In order to do so, we selected the following 18th century texts: Couto e Melo (1818), Soares Barbosa (1822), Constâncio (1831), Caldas Aulete (1864), Coelho (1868) e Coelho (1891). We built on Swiggers (2010), who proposed seven parameters that rule both possible relations between metaterms as well as contextual aspects. Our case studies have led us to seven metaterms, which we take to be fundamental to the comprehension of phonetics and phonology in the aforementioned texts: sound, letter, voice, vowel, consonant, nasal and oral. In our study, we compared those 18th century grammars to three 16th century texts: Oliveira (1536), Barros (1540) and Leão (1576), these being representative of the initial moments of the Portuguese grammar tradition. From a theoretical point of view, we demonstrated that it is possible to find substantial changes in the way phonetics and phonology are described in the 18th century texts when compared to 16th century texts, even considering the persistence and stability of the Portuguese grammar tradition. In addition, we affirm that permanence and change are better observed if they are analyzed in terminological webs rather than isolated metaterms.
38

Flexible representation for genetic programming : lessons from natural language processing

Nguyen, Xuan Hoai, Information Technology & Electrical Engineering, Australian Defence Force Academy, UNSW January 2004 (has links)
This thesis principally addresses some problems in genetic programming (GP) and grammar-guided genetic programming (GGGP) arising from the lack of operators able to make small and bounded changes on both genotype and phenotype space. It proposes a new and flexible representation for genetic programming, using a state-of-the-art formalism from natural language processing, Tree Adjoining Grammars (TAGs). It demonstrates that the new TAG-based representation possesses two important properties: non-fixed arity and locality. The former facilitates the design of new operators, including some which are bio-inspired, and others able to make small and bounded changes. The latter ensures that bounded changes in genotype space are reflected in bounded changes in phenotype space. With these two properties, the thesis shows how some well-known difficulties in standard GP and GGGP tree-based representations can be solved in the new representation. These difficulties have been previously attributed to the treebased nature of the representations; since TAG representation is also tree-based, it has enabled a more precise delineation of the causes of the difficulties. Building on the new representation, a new grammar guided GP system known as TAG3P has been developed, and shown to be competitive with other GP and GGGP systems. A new schema theorem, explaining the behaviour of TAG3P on syntactically constrained domains, is derived. Finally, the thesis proposes a new method for understanding performance differences between GP representations requiring different ways to bound the search space, eliminating the effects of the bounds through multi-objective approaches.
39

Automated Program Recognition

Wills, Linda M. 01 February 1987 (has links)
The key to understanding a program is recognizing familiar algorithmic fragments and data structures in it. Automating this recognition process will make it easier to perform many tasks which require program understanding, e.g., maintenance, modification, and debugging. This report describes a recognition system, called the Recognizer, which automatically identifies occurrences of stereotyped computational fragments and data structures in programs. The Recognizer is able to identify these familiar fragments and structures, even though they may be expressed in a wide range of syntactic forms. It does so systematically and efficiently by using a parsing technique. Two important advances have made this possible. The first is a language-independent graphical representation for programs and programming structures which canonicalizes many syntactic features of programs. The second is an efficient graph parsing algorithm.
40

A Mixed-Response Intelligent Tutoring System Based on Learning from Demonstration

Alvarez Xochihua, Omar 2012 May 1900 (has links)
Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITS) have a significant educational impact on student's learning. However, researchers report time intensive interaction is needed between ITS developers and domain-experts to gather and represent domain knowledge. The challenge is augmented when the target domain is ill-defined. The primary problem resides in often using traditional approaches for gathering domain and tutoring experts' knowledge at design time and conventional methods for knowledge representation built for well-defined domains. Similar to evolving knowledge acquisition approaches used in other fields, we replace this restricted view of ITS knowledge learning merely at design time with an incremental approach that continues training the ITS during run time. We investigate a gradual knowledge learning approach through continuous instructor-student demonstrations. We present a Mixed-response Intelligent Tutoring System based on Learning from Demonstration that gathers and represents knowledge at run time. Furthermore, we implement two knowledge representation methods (Weighted Markov Models and Weighted Context Free Grammars) and corresponding algorithms for building domain and tutoring knowledge-bases at run time. We use students' solutions to cybersecurity exercises as the primary data source for our initial framework testing. Five experiments were conducted using various granularity levels for data representation, multiple datasets differing in content and size, and multiple experts to evaluate framework performance. Using our WCFG-based knowledge representation method in conjunction with a finer data representation granularity level, the implemented framework reached 97% effectiveness in providing correct feedback. The ITS demonstrated consistency when applied to multiple datasets and experts. Furthermore, on average, only 1.4 hours were needed by instructors to build the knowledge-base and required tutorial actions per exercise. Finally, the ITS framework showed suitable and consistent performance when applied to a second domain. These results imply that ITS domain models for ill-defined domains can be gradually constructed, yet generate successful results with minimal effort from instructors and framework developers. We demonstrate that, in addition to providing an effective tutoring performance, an ITS framework can offer: scalability in data magnitude, efficiency in reducing human effort required for building a confident knowledge-base, metacognition in inferring its current knowledge, robustness in handling different pedagogical and tutoring criteria, and portability for multiple domain use.

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