Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T17:27:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marcelo P de Andrade.pdf: 851538 bytes, checksum: 8c48a3c22cac60046782c37e12327e93 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-05-07 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Augustine makes the double distinction between the self of the mind: one, understood as an inner experience, intimate and immediate, the other, understood as a definition of the nature of mind achieved in the truth itself. Thomas Aquinas, dealing with the problem of the self-knowledge of the soul, resumes the distinction made by Augustine, but within a gnoseology of Aristotelian inspiration, in which the soul is conceived as a form of communicating the act of being to the body, but supposing it to obtain the necessary material for knowledge. Thus does Thomas Aquinas move away from Augustine when it comes to the self-knowledge immediate and originary from the soul / Agostinho realiza a distinção entre o duplo autoconhecimento da mente: um entendido como uma experiência interior, íntimo e imediato; outro, entendido como uma definição da natureza da mente atingida na verdade mesma. Tomás de Aquino, ao tratar do problema do autoconhecimento da alma, retoma a distinção feita por Agostinho, mas dentro de uma gnoseologia de inspiração aristotélica, em que a alma é concebida como forma comunicando o ato de ser ao corpo, mas supondo-o para a obtenção do material necessário para o conhecimento. Ao fazer isso, Tomás afasta-se de Agostinho no tocante ao autoconhecimento imediato e originário da alma

Ce mémoire entend présenter les formes de connaissance de soi développées par Thomas d’Aquin: la reditio incompleta, la réfraction sur les phantasmes, la conscience préréflexive, la réflexion par réfluence, l’analyse abstraite, le jugement critique et la reditio completa. L’âme humaine ne pouvant se connaître directement, elle a accès à son essence par le biais de tous ses actes ou actes de conscience. Notre analyse se concentre sur la connaissance habituelle, habitus de toutes les connaissances, qui est la racine de l’image trinitaire en l’homme et garantit la vérité des intellections humaines. Pour ce faire, nous avons procédé à la traduction des questions 87 à 89 de la Somme théologique, dans lesquelles Thomas présente la connaissance humaine des substances séparées et le statut de l’âme séparée, montrant en quoi l’esprit de l’homme partage un certain commun avec les autres esprits de son univers. / The purpose of this thesis is to present the different theories of self-knowledge developed by Thomas Aquinas: namely reditio incompleta, refraction of the soul on its own phantasms, preconscious reflection, reflection by reflux, abstract analysis, critical judgment and reditio completa. Although the human soul cannot have knowledge of itself directly, it can however approach its essence with its own acts or acts of consciousness. The analysis is based on the cognitio habitualis, habitus of all knowledge, that is the root of the trinitarian image in humankind and that guarantees the truth of human intellection. This involved translating questions 87 to 89 of the Summa Theologiae, in which Aquinas considers humanity’s understanding of immaterial substances and the separate soul’s knowledge. This demonstrates how the human soul shares common ground with other substances of the universe.

Ce mémoire entend présenter les formes de connaissance de soi développées par Thomas d’Aquin: la reditio incompleta, la réfraction sur les phantasmes, la conscience préréflexive, la réflexion par réfluence, l’analyse abstraite, le jugement critique et la reditio completa. L’âme humaine ne pouvant se connaître directement, elle a accès à son essence par le biais de tous ses actes ou actes de conscience. Notre analyse se concentre sur la connaissance habituelle, habitus de toutes les connaissances, qui est la racine de l’image trinitaire en l’homme et garantit la vérité des intellections humaines. Pour ce faire, nous avons procédé à la traduction des questions 87 à 89 de la Somme théologique, dans lesquelles Thomas présente la connaissance humaine des substances séparées et le statut de l’âme séparée, montrant en quoi l’esprit de l’homme partage un certain commun avec les autres esprits de son univers. / The purpose of this thesis is to present the different theories of self-knowledge developed by Thomas Aquinas: namely reditio incompleta, refraction of the soul on its own phantasms, preconscious reflection, reflection by reflux, abstract analysis, critical judgment and reditio completa. Although the human soul cannot have knowledge of itself directly, it can however approach its essence with its own acts or acts of consciousness. The analysis is based on the cognitio habitualis, habitus of all knowledge, that is the root of the trinitarian image in humankind and that guarantees the truth of human intellection. This involved translating questions 87 to 89 of the Summa Theologiae, in which Aquinas considers humanity’s understanding of immaterial substances and the separate soul’s knowledge. This demonstrates how the human soul shares common ground with other substances of the universe.