Submitted by Celso Magalhaes (celsomagalhaes@ufrrj.br) on 2017-06-09T13:11:00Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Glenda Cristina da Silva Lopes.pdf: 3117864 bytes, checksum: 398fb3e84e1b16247f7cc7afb1069541 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-09T13:11:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Glenda Cristina da Silva Lopes.pdf: 3117864 bytes, checksum: 398fb3e84e1b16247f7cc7afb1069541 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-08-26 / Funda??o de Apoio a Pesquisa Cient?fica e Tecnol?gica da UFRRJ-FAPUR / In the present dissertation it was conduced the study of the mesoporous mordenite production by the direct synthesis using hydrothermal media or dry gel convertion. Activated charcoal, starch, carboxymethylcellulose and carbon black were used as mesoporosity templating. To evaluate the effect of these templates, samples were prepared with molar composition of 20 SiO2: 1 Al2O3: 6 Na2O: 600 H2O, by hydrothermal synthesis and 20 SiO2: 1 Al2O3: 4 Na2O, by dry synthesis, following procedures described in the literature and adding different amounts of templates to the synthesis gel. As reagents for the synthesis gel assay, were utilized sodium hydroxide, sodium aluminate, silica (Aerosil 200) and deionized water. The synthesis temperature was 175 ? C, while the synthesis time was 5 days and 3 days for the hydrothermal and dry method, respectively. For characterization of the samples was used X-ray diffraction (XRD), analysis by nitrogen adsorption/desorption measurements and determination of the acidity by temperature programmed desorption of ammonia (NH3-TPD). An evaluation of the samples was carried out using the n-heptane cracking reaction at 380 ? C. By X-ray diffraction, it was observed that the majority of the experiments formated of mordenite phase. The textural properties, particularly the volume of mesopores, improved in most samples synthesized in the presence of the template, however, the values obtained were lower than those defined in the literature for mesoporous materials. The samples showed only a peak of ammonia adsorption in NH3-TPD profiles, related to weak acid sites. Most samples synthesized in the presence of drivers showed an increase in the conversion of n-heptane, while the samples obtained by dry gel convertion showed higher conversion than the hydrothermally synthesized. / No presente trabalho foi realizado o estudo da produ??o de mordenita mesoporosa a partir da s?ntese direta, em meio hidrot?rmico e seco, na presen?a do carv?o ativado, amido, carboximetilcelulose e negro de fumo como direcionadores de mesoporosidade. Para avaliar o efeito desses direcionadores, foram preparadas amostras com composi??o molar de 20 SiO2: 1 Al2O3: 6 Na2O: 600 H2O, pela s?ntese hidrot?rmica e 20 SiO2: 1 Al2O3: 4 Na2O, pela s?ntese seca, seguindo os procedimentos descritos na literatura e adicionando quantidades diferentes dos direcionadores ao gel de s?ntese. Como reagentes para o gel de s?ntese, foram utilizados hidr?xido de s?dio, aluminato de s?dio, s?lica (aerosil 200) e ?gua deionizada. A temperatura de s?ntese foi de 175 ?C, enquanto o tempo de s?ntese foi de 5 dias e 3 dias, para o m?todo hidrot?rmico e seco, respectivamente. Para caracteriza??o das amostras usou-se difra??o de raios X (DRX), an?lise textural por medidas de adsor??o/dessor??o de nitrog?nio e determina??o da acidez por dessor??o de am?nia ? temperatura programada (TPD-NH3). Realizou-se a avalia??o catal?tica das amostras atrav?s da rea??o de craqueamento de n-heptano a 380 ?C. Pelos difratogramas de raios X, foi observado que na maioria dos experimentos ocorreu a forma??o da mordenita. As propriedades texturais, especialmente o volume de mesoporos, melhoraram na maioria das amostras sintetizadas na presen?a do direcionador, por?m, os valores obtidos foram inferiores aos definidos pela literatura para materiais mesoporosos. As amostras apresentaram apenas um pico de adsor??o de am?nia nos perfis de TPD-NH3, referentes aos s?tios ?cidos fracos. A maioria das amostras sintetizadas na presen?a dos direcionadores apresentou aumento na convers?o do n-heptano, sendo que as amostras obtidas por s?ntese em meio seco apresentaram maior convers?o do que as sintetizadas em meio hidrot?rmico.

Esta tesis doctoral se ha centrado en el diseño y la síntesis de óxidos inorgánicos con estructura macroporosa altamente activos en la combustión de carbonilla y el control de emisiones de NOx mediante el ciclo NSR. Estos materiales, que incluyen óxidos mixtos de estroncio y titanio, óxidos de cerio, praseodimio y lantano, con y sin cobre en su composición, han sido estudiados para entender la relación entre las propiedades físico-químicas de los materiales y su comportamiento catalítico, de modo que se puedan diseñar catalizadores óptimos para cada aplicación.

Cette thèse a pour objectif d'améliorer les performances électrochimiques des dispositifs asymétriques C/MnO2 en formulant des oxydes de manganèse présentant des nano- ou mésostructures. Deux méthodes d’élaboration sont explorées. Le matériau mésoporeux est obtenu par réaction entre un agent structurant souple CTAP et divers alcènes A. L’impact des solutions colloïdales CTAP-A sur la texture et la microstructure de MnO2 a été étudié en proposant un modèle qui corrèle la dimension des agrégats avec le diamètre des pores de MnO2. Les performances du dispositif asymétrique sont aussi optimisées. Bien que l’emploi d’un agent structurant dur AAO n’ait pas permis d’élaborer directement un matériau d’électrode MnO2 performant, une microélectrode de MnO2 élaboré sur des nano-piliers de nickel électrodéposé sur AAO montre des propriétés électrochimiques concurrentes avec celles des microélectrodes actuelles. La bonne réponse en puissance élevée du dispositif asymétrique est due à l’excellente connexion entre les piliers et le matériau actif. Ce mémoire offre une meilleure compréhension sur la formation de MnO2 et présente des microélectrodes prometteuses pour les microsupercondensateurs. / The aim of this thesis is to improve the electrochemical performance of C/MnO2 asymmetric devices by elaborating manganese oxides exhibiting nano- or mesostructures. Two preparation methods are proposed. A mesoporous material is obtained through the reaction of soft template CTAP with various A alkenes. The effect of CTAP-A colloidal solution on MnO2 texture and microstructure has been studied by establishing the relationship between aggregates dimension and pore diameter. Asymmetric devices performances can be optimized this way. Attempts to employ AAO as hard template for developing a performant MnO2 electrode were unsuccessful. Nevertheless, a MnO2 microelectrode containing the oxide on nickel nanowires electrodeposited on AAO provided excellent electrochemical performances, comparable with current microsupercapacitor electrodes. Asymmetric device energy retention with increasing power is good due to the excellent MnO2/nickel nanowires connection. This thesis offers insights on the MnO2 formation and proposes promising microelectrodes for microsupercapacitors.